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Biomedical subjects

G Gardini

Publications and source records attributed to G Gardini.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Benchmarking in pathological anatomy].

Data from five different Institution of Pathological Anatomy Hospital Services are presented in order to show one (the benchmark) of the multiple existing ways to approach the budget problem and the macroeconomic management of our Services. The aim of this work is not to show the "best" way to work in terms of cost-efficacy but only a methods to compare our results with others. Nevertheless from this study is possible also to make some considerations about medical and technical workload in different services with different habits.

Autopsy↗
PubMed2003

[Enterocolic phlebitis. Description of a case and review of the literature].

OBJECTIVE: To report about a case of enterocolic phlebitis, a rare cause of ischemic intestinal necrosis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The patient, a 71 year-old male, presented with signs of acute abdomen. A right hemicolectomy was performed, which revealed a tubulovillous adenoma with high grade dysplasia located in the ascending colon, and a diffuse ischemic colitis. A localized lymphocytic and granulomatous phlebitis was present in the resected colon. The arteries were spared by the inflammatory process. The patient is alive and well 7 years after surgery. The literature concerning enterocolic phlebitis, a peculiar form of localized intestinal vasculitis, is briefly summarized.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed2002

Oral lacidipine in the treatment of anal fissure.

The aim of this prospective study was to assess the effectiveness in healing anal fissure (AF) of lacidipine, a calcium channel blocker with a better tolerability in comparison to other calcium antagonists. Twenty-one consecutive patients (16 women, 76.2%) with AF (16 chronic, situated posteriorly in 17 patients (81.0%), anteriorly in 4) with a mean age of 37.1 years (SD, 13.6, range, 20-6) were treated with oral lacidipine (6 mg daily) and warm sitz baths for 28 days, adding only stool softeners for patients with constipation. Blood pressure, pain scores (assessed from 0 to 10 on a visual analogue scale) and fissure healing were monitored at 14 days, 28 days and 2 months. At the 14-day and 28-day follow-ups, the mean systolic and diastolic pressures were not significantly different from pre-treatment levels. Seven patients (33.3%) developed side effects, but only one, who developed dyplopia, withdrew from the study at the 14-day control (non-compliance rate with treatment, 4.8%). Pain scores were significantly reduced after 14 days and continued to show a significant reduction throughout the treatment period. Three fissures (14.3%) healed by 14 days and a total of 19 (90.4%) after 28 days: among the healed AF no recurrences were seen at the 2-month control. Among the two treatment failures, one was the patient who withdrew from the study at the 14-day control due to dyplopia and the other was a patient who failed to heal up to the 2-month follow-up, although completely asymptomatic. Both patients underwent left lateral sphincterotomy and healed. In conclusion, oral lacedipine is quite well tolerated and may offer a promising alternative treatment for AF.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

[Calcified pseudotumor of the pleura: description of a case].

We describe a calcifying fibrous pseudotumour of pleura in a 46-year-old female, smoker. The patient presented with a well-delimited pleural mass, 3-cm across, located at the base of the right lung and attached to the lung with a short pedicle. Seven years after surgical excision of the mass, the patient is alive and well. Microscopically, the lesion was mostly composed of dense collagenous tissue, with sparse benign spindle cells, a rich inflammatory infiltrate and scattered calcifications, sometimes laminated. Immunohistochemically, spindle cells were positive for vimentin and negative for smooth muscle actin, desmin, S100 protein, CD34, CD99 and Bcl2. Calcifying fibrous pseudotumour is rare in the pleura. Pertinent data from the literature and problems in differential diagnosis are briefly discussed.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed2002

[Small-cell mesothelioma of the pleura: description of a case].

A case of mesothelioma with a small cell component in a 53-year-old, non-smoker woman. The patient had a history of asbestos exposure, and presented with thoracic pain. A total body computed tomogram showed a left pleural effusion and a 7.5-cm pleural mass. Thoracoscopy revealed a diffuse nodular thickening of the left parietal pleura, and a biopsy was performed. The patient died of the disease 4 months after diagnosis. Microscopically, the pleural neoplasm was composed of three different components: 40% of the tumor showed the classic histology of a malignant epithelial mesothelioma, 40% was composed of small- to medium-sized cells with open nuclear chromatin, evident nucleoli and high mitotic activity, and 20% of the neoplasm was indistinguishable from a small cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the first component was diffusely and strongly positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and EMA, focally positive for BER-EP4, and negative for CD15, B 72.3, CEA, LCA, chromogranin, synaptophysin, TTF-1 and CD99. The cells of the second component were positive only for cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and cytokeratin CAM 5.2, and the elements of the third component were negative for all the antibodies tested. Pleural mesothelioma with a small cell component is rare. The most useful parameters to distinguish it from other small cell malignancies that may involve the pleura, particularly small cell carcinoma of pulmonary origin, are discussed.

Asbestos↗
PubMed2002

Ancient schwannoma arising in a lymph node: report of a case and review of the literature.

We report a case of an intranodal schwannoma in a 79-year-old woman. The patient underwent a left colectomy for a colonic adenocarcinoma, with regional lymph node dissection. Macroscopic examination of the specimen revealed a well-circumscribed 4 cm nodule located in the pericolic fat. Macroscopically, it was interpreted as a metastatic lymph node. Microscopically, the nodule was composed of a proliferation of bland spindle cells, was immunohistochemically positive for S100 protein, and negative for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and cytokeratin. The pathological findings led to the diagnosis of a very rare case of primary schwannoma of the lymph node.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2002

[Pulmonary carcinoma with myoepithelial differentiation, analogous to basal cell adenocarcionma of the salivary glands: description of a case].

We describe a case of pulmonary carcinoma with myoepithelial differentiation, analogous to basal cell adenocarcinoma of salivary glands. The patient, a 60 year-old man, smoker, presented with three peripheral nodules of the left lung. Preoperative staging was negative for metastatic disease and the patient underwent a surgical resection of the nodules. After 22 months, the patient is alive with no evidence of disease. Microscopically, the tumours were composed of atypical cells arranged in lobules, separated by basal membrane-like material. Immunohistochemically, tumour cells were positive for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, cytokeratin 14, vimentin, calponin, S-100 protein and gliofibrillary acid protein (GFAP). Electron microscopy showed features of epithelial and myoid differentiation and confirmed the myoepithelial nature of the tumour. Pulmonary tumours with myoepithelial differentiation are rare, but they have a wide and distinctive morphological spectrum.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed2002

[Pulmonary metastasis of epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx: a case with an interstitial pattern of growth].

We describe a pulmonary metastasis from a laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma, characterized by an interstitial pattern of growth. The patient, a 71-year-old man, smoker, presented with a large laryngeal neoplasm and with two pulmonary masses, one located in the apex and the other in the lower lobe of the right lung. The patient underwent a total laryngectomy and a right pneumonectomy and he died from neoplastic progression 2 years after surgery. Microscopically, the laryngeal tumour was an epidermoid carcinoma and the apical pulmonary mass was an adenocarcinoma. The pulmonary neoplasm of the lower lobe, 5.5 cm across, was an epidermoid carcinoma that we interpreted to be a metastasis from the larynx. The case is peculiar because tumour cells proliferated exclusively in the interstitium. When extensive as in our case, this pattern of growth is rare and it may pose some diagnostic problems.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Agmatine induces apoptosis in rat hepatocyte cultures.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Agmatine, the compound formed by decarboxylation of arginine, is believed to be an endogenous neurotransmitter through interaction with the imidazoline receptors. However, it also appears to regulate rat hepatocyte polyamines by modifying both their synthesis and their catabolism. As the decrease in polyamine content has been correlated with apoptosis, we examined the possibility that agmatine has an effect on this phenomenon. METHODS: Apoptotic cells were detected by visualizing nuclear shrinkage/fragmentation in hepatocytes cultured at 21 and 5% oxygen tension. Caspase-3 activity, cleavage of PARP, release of cytochrome c and mitochondrial swelling were therefore measured in the two conditions and in the presence or not of agmatine. RESULTS: In rat hepatocytes agmatine promoted apoptosis, procaspase 3 processing and increase of caspase-3 like activity. This occurred through mitochondria swelling and release of cytochrome c. Cyclosporin A and catalase blocked the swelling. CONCLUSIONS: Our experiments show that agmatine, besides all the known biological effects, has also part, at least in hepatocytes, in the modulation of programmed cell death.

Agmatine↗
PubMed2001

Transport and metabolism of agmatine in rat hepatocyte cultures.

Rat hepatocytes in culture take up [14C]-agmatine by both a high-affinity transport system [KM = 0.03 mM; Vmax = 30 pmol x min x (mg protein)-1] and a low-affinity system. The high-affinity system also transports putrescine, but not cationic amino acids such as arginine, and the polyamines spermidine and spermine. The rate of agmatine uptake is increased in cells deprived of polyamines with difluoromethylornithine. Of the agmatine taken up, 10% is transformed into polyamines and 50% is transformed into 4-guanidinobutyrate, as demonstrated by HPLC and MS. Inhibition by aminoguanidine and pargyline shows that this is due to diamine oxidase and an aldehyde dehydrogenase. 14C-4-aminobutyrate is also accumulated in the presence of an inhibitor of 4-aminobutyrate transaminase.

Agmatine↗
PubMed2001

[Extrarenal retroperitoneal angiomyolipoma: description of a case and review of the literature].

A case of retroperitoneal extrarenal angiomyolipoma is described. The patient, a 61-year-old woman, presented with a large retroperitoneal lipomatous mass. Histologically, it consisted of lipomatous tissue. Focally, there was interstitial and perivascular proliferation of bland oval and epithelioid cells with a large, eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, these elements were positive for smooth muscle actin and HMB-45. The literature on retroperitoneal extrarenal angiomyolipoma is briefly reviewed. It is important that the pathologist recognize this lesion, even when it is located in the retroperitoneum outside the kidney, and differentiate it from a liposarcoma.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2001

[Combined neoplasia of the lung: description of a case of adenocarcinoma mixed with typical carcinoid].

OBJECTIVE: To report about a lung tumor that was a combination of typical carcinoid and adenocarcinoma. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The patient, a 71-year-old male, presented with a 2.5-cm pulmonary nodule that, microscopically, was a combination of an adenocarcinoma (tubular with clear cell features and bronchioloalveolar) and a typical carcinoid. Immunohistochemically, both components were positive for cytokeratin, but only the carcinoid component was positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin. In the range of neuroendocrine tumors of the lung, a combination with other histological types of carcinoma (squamous, adeno, large cell and pleomorphic) can be found with both small cell carcinoma and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, but is very rare with typical and atypical carcinoids.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMed2001

[Bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia (BOOP) containing asbestos bodies: clinico-pathological study of a case].

We describe a case of bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia (BOOP) with asbestos bodies. A 65-year-old man, treated in the past for gastric lymphoma and with an history of asbestos exposure, presented with fever and two nodular opacities in the lower lobe of the left lung. Histologic examination revealed a BOOP pattern; in the inflammatory tissue some asbestos bodies were present. Patients exposed to asbestos may rarely present with localized inflammatory pulmonary lesions. In these cases, the possible etiopathogenetic role of asbestos needs further studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid: description of a case].

INTRODUCTION: A case of sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid gland is described. RESULTS: The patient, a 32 year-old female with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, presented with a 4 cm nodule of the right lobe of the thyroid gland. The tumour was constituted by squamoid cords infiltrating a dense fibro-jaline stroma rich in eosinophils. The patient is alive and well 14 months after surgery. DISCUSSION: The literature is briefly reviewed and the differential diagnosis is discussed. In the Author's opinion, sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the tyroid is a well defined clinicopathological entity.

Adult↗