Biomedical subjects

G Gayer

Publications and source records attributed to G Gayer.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Urinary excretion of orally ingested gastrografin on CT.

Renal excretion of orally ingested gastrografin has rarely been reported on computed tomography (CT). We studied the unenhanced scans of 82 patients with bowel disorders or perforation to assess the prevalence of urinary contrast material (CM) in various bowel diseases. We also assessed the clinical significance of this sign. In addition, we reviewed the unenhanced CT scans of 100 randomly selected patients without bowel diseases as a control group. Twenty-nine of the 58 patients with bowel diseases, six of nine with free perforation, and one of 15 with covered perforation had CM in the urinary tract. None of the 100 without bowel disease showed urinary CM. Statistical analysis was done by using the Fisher's exact test. The prevalence of urinary CM was highest in inflammatory bowel disease, radiation enteritis, and free perforation (p < 0. 0001). This study shows that the CT finding of orally ingested gastrografin in the urinary tract differentiates patients with bowel disease from those without.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Polysplenia syndrome detected in adulthood: report of eight cases and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: To present the computed tomographic (CT) features of the abdominal anomalies consistent with polysplenia syndrome in adults. Awareness of these abnormalities may avoid misdiagnosing characteristic findings as separate pathological processes. METHODS: Imaging studies, mainly abdominal CT scans, of eight patients were reviewed. Attention was directed to the location of the multiple spleens, stomach, and liver and to the possible presence of a short pancreas, malrotation of the intestine, and venous anomalies. We also reviewed the CT findings of 15 adult patients described in the literature. RESULTS: Three men and five women underwent CT for various unrelated conditions. The most common findings were multiple spleens along the greater curvature of the stomach, which were located in the right upper quadrant in six patients. The inferior vena cava was seen on the left side in seven subjects, with azygos/hemiazygos continuation in six. A preduodenal portal vein was present in seven subjects. The liver was in the midline in four patients and on the left side in two. A short pancreas was seen in four patients, intestinal nonrotation in five, and dextrocardia in two. The prevalence of these anomalies was similar to that of the reviewed cases. CONCLUSIONS: CT proved to be an excellent imaging modality in the diagnosis of the abdominal anomalies. Some of these (a short pancreas, multiple spleens, and azygos continuation) can simulate pathological processes. Hence the importance of recognizing these CT findings as part of a syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Acute diverticulitis of the small bowel: CT findings.

We present the computed tomographic (CT) findings in two cases of small bowel diverticulitis, one affecting the jejunum and the other a Meckel's diverticulum. The main CT finding was that of a mass with an air-fluid collection in contiguity with small bowel loops.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intestinal malrotation as an incidental finding on CT in adults.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal malrotation in adults is usually an incidental finding on computed tomography (CT). We present the CT findings of 18 adult patients with malrotation and discuss the clinical implications. METHODS: Abdominal scans of 18 patients (12 women, six men; age range = 15-79 years) with intestinal malrotation were reviewed. Special attention was directed to the location of the superior mesenteric vessels, the location of the small and large bowels, the size of the uncinate process, the situs definition, and additional anomalies. RESULTS: The malrotation was an incidental finding in all but one patient. The malrotation was type Ia in 17 patients and IIc in the one symptomatic patient. The superior mesenteric vessels were vertically oriented in 10, inverted in two, normally positioned in four, and mirror imaged in two cases with situs ambiguus. All patients had aplasia of the pancreatic uncinate process, five had a short pancreas, and two had a preduodenal portal vein. Fourteen patients had a normal situs and four had heterotaxia. Seven patients had polysplenia, six of which with associated inferior vena cava anomalies. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal malrotation can be diagnosed on CT by the anatomic location of a right-sided small bowel, left-sided colon, an abnormal relationship of the superior mesenteric vessels, and aplasia of the uncinate process. Awareness of these abnormalities is necessary to diagnose this anomaly. It should be sought in patients with a situs problem, inferior vena cava anomalies, polysplenia, or preduodenal portal vein. Although usually an incidental finding, it is important to diagnose such a malrotation because it may cause abdominal symptoms. Also, knowledge of associated vascular anomalies is important when abdominal surgery is planned.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Transient colocolic intussusception.

We present the CT findings of a transient colocolic intussusception, related to an underlying colonic tumor, but remote from it. The resolving nature of intussusception was clearly demonstrated on delayed images and may explain the characteristic chronic clinical symptoms of intussusception in adult.

Abdominal Pain↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fallopian tube carcinoma presenting as tubo-ovarian abscess: a report of two cases with literature review.

Preoperative diagnosis of fallopian tube carcinoma is difficult, with fewer than 5% being diagnosed preoperatively. We describe tubal carcinoma, presenting as a tubo-ovarian abscess in two 47-year-old women. Both patients presented with abdominal pain, pelvic mass, and fever. Both patients were treated as having a tubo-ovarian abscess but failed to respond to therapy. During surgery a metastatic right tubal carcinoma was found. A definite operation was performed in both patients. Three additional cases of fallopian tube carcinoma, presenting as acute pelvic inflammatory disease, were found while reviewing the English literature. Actually all these three cases presented as tubo-ovarian abscess because of the existence of tender pelvic mass. Carcinoma of the fallopian tube should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess in those who failed to respond to a previously unreported clinical presentation.

Abscess↗