Choroidal filling pattern during a hypotensive crisis.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
G Giuffrè
Publications and source records attributed to G Giuffrè.
Development of an isolated retinal macroaneurysm of the cilioretinal artery.
A case of isolated retinal macroaneurysm showed interesting features. First, it involved a cilioretinal artery, which is a rare site; secondly, its development was preceded by vessel changes characterised by hyalinization and permeability of the arterial wall.
Aged↗
The pathogenesis of the fundus peau d'orange and salmon spots.
The fundus of the eye of a patient with pseudoxanthoma elasticum showed angioid streaks, fundus peau d'orange and salmon spots, these latter unusually located in the macula. The fluorescein angiography revealed, in the arterial phase, a reticular hyperfluorescence in the areas of fundus peau d'orange and salmon spots. In the venous phase the fluorescence of the fundus peau d'orange was even, while the salmon spots showed staining and hyperfluorescent borders. These findings support the hypothesis that the fundus peau d'orange is due to degeneration of Bruch's membrane and the salmon spots are deiscences of this membrane.
Eye↗
Remnants of Bergmeister's papilla and retinochoroidal colobomas.
The case of a patient having a Bergmeister's papilla associated with a small retinochoroidal coloboma and multiple pigment epithelial defects in one eye and a retinochoroidal coloboma in the other eye is described. Such abnormalities of neuroectodermal origin probably result from an anomalous maturation of the cells of the proximal part of the embryonic cleft in the sixth week of development.
Adult↗
Electrofunctional features of the tilted disc syndrome.
The ERG, EOG and VEPs of 15 patients with tilted disc syndrome were studied. The ERG showed abnormal amplitudes in about 1/4 of the eyes and the EOG values were pathological in 3 patients. It is probable that the abnormality of the inferior-nasal portion of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium seen in the tilted disc syndrome causes the changes in the ERG and EOG. Pattern VEPs latency was delayed in most patients. This finding is probably due to the poor focusing of the light in the retina.
Electrooculography↗
Optic pit syndrome.
In a study of 15 eyes with optic pits fluorescein angiography revealed that only pits associated with serous detachment of the macular retina showed fluorescence in the late venous phase, while the pits uncomplicated by detachment remained hypofluorescent throughout the test. This finding strongly supports the hypothesis that the subretinal fluid producing the macular detachment originates from leakage of vessels located in the floor of the pit. In addition a high incidence of anomalies was found to be associated with optic pits. Therefore the author suggests to call the association between optic pit and large optic disc, parapapillary chorioretinal changes, cilioretinal vessels, situs inversus and eventual other vessel abnormalities, the 'optic pit syndrome'.
Electroretinography↗
Morning glory syndrome: clinical and electrofunctional study of three cases.
Three cases of morning glory syndrome are described and some new electrofunctional and tomodensitometric findings are reported. The amplitude of the waves of the electroretinogram is reduced and correlates with the extension of the retinal changes. The visually evoked potentials elicited with bright flashes have normal latencies but generally subnormal amplitudes. The amplitude of the potentials probably depends on the degree of involvement of the optic nerve. The computerised tomography performed in one patient disclosed undescribed changes in the retrobulbar optic nerve.
Adult↗
Vitelliform dystrophy and pattern dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium: concomitant presence in a family.
We describe three siblings presenting unusual pigmented dystrophic lesions of the fovea. The first sibling showed macroreticular dystrophy associated with butterfly shaped dystrophy in one eye and associated with vitelliform cyst in the other eye. The second showed the atrophic outcome of a vitelliform cyst with development of subretinal neovascular membrane in one eye and a radial pigmented macular dystrophy in the other eye. The third sibling had bilateral macular vitelliform lesions. This vitelliform patterned dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium may represent a new form that should be classified near Best's disease and the pattern dystrophies.
Adolescent↗
Involvment of the visual evoked potentials in type I insulin-dependent diabetes.
The visual evoked potentials (VEPs) elicited by pattern stimulation were studied in a group of 62 type I insulin-dependent diabetics. The patients did not have retinopathy. An attempt was made to correlate the duration of the diabetes, insulin requirement, blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin with the VEPs. Our study showed that the VEPs of the diabetics have frequently delayed latencies. The VEPs elicited by small checks were more often involved. These stimuli excite the smaller nerve fibers and thus it appears that these fibers are the first to be compromised in diabetes. A positive correlation was found between the VEPs latency and the duration of the diabetes. No correlation was found with the other parameters considered.
Adolescent↗
[Angioid streaks and associated lesions: ophthalmoscopic and fluorescein angiographic interpretation].
Angioid streaks are characteristic and well known lesions of the fundus of the eye. They are frequently associated with other less known chorioretinal lesions. In order to investigate the incidence and the clinical importance of these latter lesions, the photographs and the fluorescein angiographies of the 24 fundi of 12 patients with angioid streaks were studied. The lesions associated with the angioid streaks are light areas along the streak, red paired spots, fundus peau d'orange, salmon spots, optic disc drusen and macular atrophic and exudative-hemorrhagic degenerations. The comparison between the photographs and the fluorescein angiographies of the fundus allows to deduce, in many cases, the anatomic lesion that causes the clinical appearance of the various kinds of angioid streaks and the associated lesions. Although the misinterpretation of these results sometimes led to inaccurate speculations about the nature and the pathogenesis of the angioid streaks and the associated lesions, it is important to point out that lacking histopathological reports that would clarify the true nature of the lesions associated with the angioid streaks, ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography are the only methods helpful to reveal the basic lesions.
Angioid Streaks↗
The effects of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the human eye.
The ocular effects of 200 micrograms of topically applied prostaglandin F2 alpha were studied in 18 nonglaucomatous volunteers. A fall in intraocular pressure was seen in the prostaglandin-treated eyes when compared with the placebo-treated control eyes. The maximum intraocular pressure reduction was observed at the 7th h and hypotensive ocular effect persisted for 24 h. Prostaglandins did not produce any change in pupillary diameter or signs of intraocular inflammation visible by anterior segment biomicroscopy or iris fluorescein angiography. The drug caused side effects: conjunctival hyperemia was constant and many patients complained of ocular smarting and headache. It could be useful in the treatment of ocular hypertension, although its usefulness would be limited by the side effects.
Adult↗
Medical therapy of true precocious puberty due to hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. A report of 2 cases.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Child, Preschool↗
Psychophysical and electrofunctional contrast sensitivity in cataractous patients treated with bendazac-lysine salt.
The clinical progression of the cataract may be influenced by drugs which reduce the denaturation of lens proteins. One of the most promising drugs is the bendazac-lysine salt. The drug was used in a double-blind study of a group of patients with initial cortical cataract in order to evaluate the changes in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity by means of a psychophysical and an electrophysiological method. After 6 months of treatment with bendazac the mean values of visual acuity showed a statistically significant increase in respect to baseline values, as well as an improvement of the threshold of contrast for most spatial frequencies. In the eyes treated with placebo there was no statistical difference between the visual acuity at baseline and after the treatment, but an increase of the contrast threshold for many spatial frequencies. The treatment with bendazac, when compared to the administration of placebo, leads to a statistically significant improvement of the contrast threshold and induces a global improvement on the visual conditions.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
Casteldaccia eye study: prevalence of cataract in the adult and elderly population of a Mediterranean town.
Prevalence of cataract was studied in a population based survey performed in adults aged 40 years or more living in Casteldaccia, a small Sicilian town. Lens opacities of moderate or severe grade (type II or worse, according to the Lens Opacity Classification System II) were found at the following rates: nuclear opalescence in 18.5%, cortical cataract in 12.9%, posterior subcapsular cataract in 10.8%. All these types of cataract were much more frequent in the elderly population and were about 1.5 times more common in women than in men. Late cataract was found in about 1/3 of subjects aged 60 to 69 years, in 2/3 of subjects aged 70 or more, but rarely under 60 years of age. However, early cataract was rather common among younger subjects. Cataracts causing a reduction of visual acuity under 0.7 in the worst eye were found in 4%, 8.7% and 21.5% respectively in the three age groups ranging from 40 to 49, 50 to 59 and 60 to 69 years and in 54.4% of subjects 70 years old or over.
Adult↗
Cavernous hemangioma of the retina and retinal telangiectasis. Distinct or related vascular malformations?
Cavernous hemangioma of the retina and retinal telangiectasis are two rare developmental vascular lesions of the retina. They are considered to be distinct clinical entities, but they share some common features, so that the differential diagnosis of the two diseases is an important clinical challenge. In the right eye of a young woman, a cavernous hemangioma of the retina close to an area of retinal telangiectasis was found. This association supports the possibility that these developmental anomalies could be strictly related.
Adult↗
Immunohistochemical demonstration of metallothionein in eyes with choroidal melanomas.
PURPOSE: The since immunohistochemically detectable metallothionein (MT) overexpression has been described in a variety of human tumours, including skin melanomas, in relation to different stages of tumour development and progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a monoclonal antibody to investigate the distribution of MT in 18 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded, surgically enucleated eyes with choroidal melanomas, from 18 patients (8 male, 10 female; age range 30-83 years, mean 58.7). Clinico-pathological details and follow-up data (2-124 months, mean 36.1) were also available. MT immunoreactivity was recorded and the percentage of stained cells was graded for semiquantitative purposes. Correlations between immunohistochemical data and morphological characteristics of melanomas were investigated using non-parametric methods; survival analysis was done by the Kaplan-Meier method and the survival curves were compared by the Mantel-Cox log-rank test. RESULTS: MT immunoexpression was found in 15/18 cases (83.3%) with staining scores from 1 to 3; MT staining varied in intensity and was mainly localized in the cytoplasm, although a combined nuclear/cytoplasmic reactive pattern was seen in neoplastic elements. No differences in MT immunostaining were seen in relation to age or sex, tumour size, histotype and amount of pigment; univariate analysis of survival data showed no prognostic significance regarding MT expression. CONCLUSIONS: The immunohistochemical evidence of MT in neoplastic elements could be related to the production of this scavenging protein in the tumour for cell defense mechanisms against hydroxyl free radicals, and to act as a Zn donor, since Zn is required for the synthesis of DNA and DNA-repair enzymes.
Adult↗
Indocyanine green angiography in congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium.
PURPOSE: To report a case of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium followed up for 7 years showing features not previously reported. METHODS: A complete fundus examination including fluorescein angiography was performed at first examination and at follow-up. RESULTS: The area of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium presented morphologic changes, showing enlargement of the lesion on one side associated with partial regression on another side. In addition, the indocyanine green angiography findings revealed that this test was more useful than fluorescein angiography to delineate the real boundaries of the lesion and disclosed hypofluorescent areas inside the main lesion that were not appreciated at ophthalmoscopy or fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSIONS: Indocyanine green angiography is an useful test to understand the findings and evolution of congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium.
Child↗
Immunolocalization of lactoferrin in surgically resected pigmented skin lesions.
Lactoferrin (Lf) expression was determined immunohistochemically in 57 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded bioptic samples obtained from an equal number of patients treated by surgery to remove pigmented skin lesions (nevi = 23; melanoma = 12; vulgaris and seborrhoeic warts = 12; basal cell carcinoma = 10); in addition, 10 specimens of normal skin were studied as control. On 3 mm thick sections, depigmentation and antigen retrieval procedures were performed. The Lf immunoreactivity was revealed by a rabbit anti-human Lf. Quantification of Lf immunoreactivity was performed using an intensity-distribution (ID) score. Melanocytic cells, regardless of their benign or malignant nature, were consistently stained, with no significant differences in the Lf ID-score between melanomas or nevi. A different intensity of Lf immunoreactivity was encountered in superficial portions of warts, exclusively inside squamous epithelial cells arranged in sheets or whorls of keratin. On the contrary, basal cell carcinomas were always unstained, while a slight Lf positivity was found in focal keratinized areas present in two tumours showing baso-squamous differentiation. The Lf immunoreactivity was localized in the cytoplasm and only occasionally in the nucleus. The biological meaning of Lf in these cases of human skin specimens remains unexplained, although it cannot be ruled out that Lf might be involved in the defense system against tumours, or alternatively, may be used by cells requiring iron availability for their turnover. Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of Lf in melanocytic lesions might be also related to a Lf-melanin interaction. Finally, the involvement of Lf in skin squamous non-neoplastic elements could be related to its role as one of the molecules modulating an unspecific inflammatory or anti-oxidant response.
Adult↗