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Biomedical subjects

G Grabner

Publications and source records attributed to G Grabner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Keratomycosis caused by Candida albicans].

A 78-year-old female patient developed mycotic keratitis in her right eye three months after penetrating keratoplasty. Multiple myeloma is presumed to have been the predisposing factor. Candida albicans was isolated from the aqueous humor at the time of surgery. Treatment consisted of systemic ketoconazole (p.o.) and miconazole (i.v.); miconazole eye drops were applied topically and amphotericin B was instilled into the anterior chamber. Resolution of the corneal infection was ultimately achieved with this therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Chemotherapy of advanced pancreatic cancer with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate].

The aim of the present phase II clinical trial was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of a combination chemotherapeutic protocol consisting of 4-weekly intervals of 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate (FAMeth-regimen) in patients with advanced measurable pancreatic cancer. After a median treatment duration of 4 (2-12) months, one complete and one partial response were achieved in the 13 evaluable patients. Two additional patients had evidence of objective tumour regression, although response was less than 50% of pretreatment tumor measurements. Stable disease was noted in 3 patients, and the tumour progressed in 6. The median survival of all evaluable patients from start of therapy is 7 (2-17) months. Side-effects associated with FAMeth-chemotherapy were generally mild and reversible and primarily included gastrointestinal symptoms (38%) and leukopenia (62%). There was 1 treatment related death due to pancytopenia and sepsis. Our preliminary data suggest some antitumour activity of the regimen against pancreatic cancer, although final assessment of therapeutic results must await accrural of additional patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Search for improved culture conditions for clonogenic growth of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro.

In order to analyze and define potentially better growth conditions for colonic stem cell proliferation, we chose four established human colorectal cancer cell lines that differed in biologic cell properties. We studied variables of standard cloning conditions including culture medium, serum supplement, solidifying agent, addition of specific growth factors and use of capillaries as an alternative culture vessel. While modulation of serum concentration as well as use of various standard formulations of culture base media did not result in a reproducible increase of plating efficiencies (PEs), a significant increase in colony formation (when compared to the conventional assay procedure) was achieved; by use of 0.3% agarose or boiled agar as semisolid matrix and by culturing of cells in enriched 'GMF medium'. Specific growth factors, such as EGF or glucagon resulted in "occasionally better" in vitro growth. This suggests a retention of the ability of cells in culture to respond to physiologic regulators of growth. To verify and extend these initial results obtained with continuous cell lines, growth enhancing modifications of the original cloning technique were subsequently applied to in vitro growth of 15 human colorectal cancer specimens obtained directly from patients. Specimens that grew 30 or more colonies under standard plating conditions displayed a more than two-fold increase in PEs which was reproducible for the two specific variables mentioned above, but the overall success rate of the assay could not be improved. In addition to the possibility that several deficient basic requirements for achieving optimal environmental conditions for colonic stem cell growth have not been defined, we believe a major reason for failing to improve the number of drug-assayable specimens is related to an inherent interneoplastic diversity in terms of growth requirements of human colorectal malignancies.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1987

Survival and quality of life in 23 patients with severe aplastic anemia treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT).

Survival and quality of life are reported in 23 pretransfused patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The projected survival is 76% with 18 of 23 patients being alive 332 to 1677 days post graft (median: 842). 5 patients died between day 4 and 416. 12 of 17 patients at risk developed chronic graft versus host disease (GVH-D). 4 of these patients have a diminished quality of life due GVH-D related disabling manifestations. Autologous haemopoietic recovery was excluded in all patients by the demonstration of haemopoietic chimerism. We recommand age-adapted rejection prophylaxis; such strategy may help to diminish disabling graft versus host disease in otherwise haematologically reconstituted survivors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[New central, epithelial iron deposit following epikeratophakia in high-grade myopia].

Following epikeratophakia for the correction of myopia an epithelial iron dot was observed in the center of the lenticule as early as five months following surgery. Biomicroscopic examination of 55 cases revealed indistinct borders, a yellow to dark brown coloration and a localization in the deep epithelial layers. It was apparent in 100% of the patients one year after surgery, with no tendency to regression over a follow-up period of up to 23 months, and did not appreciably affect postoperative visual acuity. The occurrence of this iron dot is attributed to a localized pooling of tear fluid in the centrally flatter optical zone of the lenticule, since it was not seen in patients who underwent surgery for aphakia or keratoconus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Candida retinitis following gastrectomy].

The authors report on a 68-year-old patient who developed disseminated retinochoroiditis and vitritis following extensive gastrectomy for a cardial carcinoma. The clinical diagnosis of an endogenous Candida infection was confirmed by positive identification of Blastomyces from the subclavian catheter tip and the antibody titer. Resolution was achieved with orally administered ketoconazole and intravenously administered miconazole therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Toxic contact dermatitis in hairdresser trainees: study of therapy with steroid-free, pH-stabilized emollients].

In a pilot study on 869 trainee hairdressers eczematous changes of the hands, presenting as chronic toxic contact eczema, were found in 42-55% of the investigated persons. In a subsequent therapeutic study involving 144 trainee hairdressers who had marked chronic toxic contact eczema, it was shown that regular use of pH-stabilized creams and ointments and use of non-alkaline soaps are effective and the use of cortisone ointments should not be necessary. It was demonstrated that 70% of the probands showed clear improvement in eczematous changes as controlled by colour changes in the nitrazine yellow test. However, 30% of those investigated were not thought to be able to continue as hairdressers. These results enable early detection of persons in whom a change of occupation seems indicated. Furthermore, treatment of young persons permits maximal curative changes and represents a model of preventive medicine in dermatology.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1986

Effect of timolol on aqueous humor protein concentration in the human eye.

We performed a double-masked, controlled study investigating the increase in the protein concentration in aqueous humor after topical timolol maleate administration. Forty patients scheduled to undergo intracapsular cataract surgery were included in the study. Either timolol ophthalmic solution or the vehicle of timolol alone (control) were applied topically in a randomized fashion, and aqueous humor was collected during surgery. Protein concentrations were determined by gel-filtration chromatography. The total protein concentration as well as the concentration of high and medium molecular weight proteins were significantly elevated in the timolol-treated group. The relation of the levels of the three different molecular weight classes did not differ significantly between the two groups, indicating that undisturbed protein filtration in the face of reduced aqueous humor production--and not a change in the permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier--is responsible for the increase in concentration.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1986

[Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus].

A young man with severe endophthalmitis caused by B. cereus is described following a trauma with an intraocular foreign body. Although this organism was isolated from the aqueous with 18 hours and specific antibiotic therapy instituted, the eye subsequently lost all function and had to be enucleated because of severe pain. An extremely rapidly developing corneal ring abscess seems to be the hallmark of an intraocular infection with B. cereus organisms.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

[Conjunctival granuloma caused by synthetic fibers].

Histopathological examination of a conjunctival lesion occurring in a two-and-a-half-year-old boy revealed granulomatous inflammation surrounding filamentous foreign material. The main type of fiber was fairly uniform in diameter, generally round to oval in cross-section, with vivid birefringence, manifesting a "cracking phenomenon" and lacking a central core. These findings are typical of synthetic fibers. Synthetic fiber granulomas often occur in children, predominantly unilaterally. Comforting blankets, fabric toys or forcibly applied pullovers may cause initial inoculation.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

An interactive processing system for ultrasonic compound imaging, real-time image processing and texture analysis.

An interactive processing system for ultrasonic imaging, real-time image processing and texture analysis was developed and has been used under real clinical conditions at the 2nd Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vienna, since 1983. The major goal of this system is to determine what digital approaches to ultrasonic imaging, aided by computer processing, can contribute to ultrasonic diagnosis and whether clinically-relevant information can be extracted which is not obtained by conventional approaches.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1986

[Prognosis of malignant tumors of the exocrine pancreas: effect of clinical and pathologico-anatomic variables on patient survival].

Survival patterns of 112 patients with histologically ascertained pancreatic cancer were analysed retrospectively in an attempt to determine the relationship to various clinical and pathologic-anatomic prognostic factors. Stage of disease, localisation of the primary tumor, as well as histologic grade were found to influence the patient's survival significantly. A limited anatomic involvement with tumor, localisation within the head of the pancreas, and high-grade differentiation were associated with an increased median survival. An evaluation of non-anatomic prognostic variables suggested a relative survival advantage for females, younger age groups, patients with favourable initial performance status and short symptom duration. There was no obvious relationship between survival and qualitative or quantitative indication of weight loss. In order to permit a critical evaluation of the value of any treatment program in pancreatic cancer, our observations reemphasize the need to define characteristics of patients under study.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

In vitro phase II trial of recombinant interferon alpha-2 in gastrointestinal cancer.

The antitumor effects of recombinant interferon alpha-2 (rIF) on clonogenic tumor cells were investigated in 29 cases of gastrointestinal cancer. An in vitro response (greater than or equal to 50% inhibition of tumor colony-forming units) was observed in 17% of the tumors, including 2 of 8 pancreatic, 2 of 6 gastric, and 1 of 10 colon cancer specimens. The relative efficacy of rIF in tissue cultures of pancreatic and gastric tumors was further substantiated by the resistance against simultaneously tested single conventional cytostatic drugs. Preliminary results of comparative studies of cloned interferon alpha-2 and human purified leukocyte interferon (hlIF) in 2 human colon cancer cell lines and 11 fresh tumor specimens suggest similar trends in terms of colony inhibition in individual assays. However, the interpatient differences indicate an overall superiority of the natural preparation (P less than 0.02).

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1985

CADIAG: approaches to computer-assisted medical diagnosis.

CADIAG-1 is a medical expert system, based on a symbolic logic representation of medical relationships. Strong relationships such as confirming, excluding or obligatory occurrence are applied to confirm or exclude diagnoses. Weak relationships are represented by facultative and not confirming relationships (FN-relationships). Diagnostic hypotheses are established by systematic combination of symptoms showing FN-relationships. CADIAG-2, a medical expert system based on fuzzy set theory and fuzzy logic, allows detailed specification of medical relationships. Here the diagnostic process also provides confirmed and excluded diagnoses as well as diagnostic hypotheses. Hypotheses are calculated by considering fuzzy relationships between medical entities. 426 cases with rheumatic and 47 cases with pancreatic diseases were tested. For CADIAG-1, the overall accuracy for confirmation and hypothesis generation is calculated with 91.1% for rheumatic diseases and 100% for pancreatic diseases. CADIAG-2 reached an overall accuracy of 93.7% for rheumatic cases and 91.5% for pancreatic cases.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1985

[Necrotizing pseudomonas infection of the eyelids and lacrimal ducts with orbital involvement in a newborn infant].

A newborn boy presented with severe, bilateral, necrotic blepharitis and dacryocystitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The possible etiology of this infection would be a transient neutropenia and a chemical blepharoconjunctivitis caused by Credé's prophylaxis. The relentless course of the necrosis could only be stopped by maximum-dose topical and systemic antibiotic therapy; the visual function of the right eye, however, was lost owing to a keratititis e lagophthalmo.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy of ocular Chlamydia infection].

As reported in the recent literature, eye infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis are increasing in number. Modern laboratory techniques were used in this study to scan a total of 114 patients with unilateral follicular conjunctivitis for these organisms. The authors describe the clinical picture, course, and results of therapy in a total of 6 (5.3%) young patients with chlamydial infections diagnosed by scraping and cell culture.

Administration, Topical↗