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Biomedical subjects

G Grevers

Publications and source records attributed to G Grevers.

170 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the oropharynx and tongue: comparison of plain and Gd-DTPA studies.

The effect of intravenously administered gadolinium-diethylene-triamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) on signal intensity in comparison to plain noncontrast imaging was analyzed. Sixty-one patients with diseases of the oropharynx and tongue base were examined using multiplanar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The contrast medium Gd-DTPA was administered in 26 cases. Thirty-eight patients also underwent CT. Forty-one patients had surgery and pathological verification. Plain MR imaging was equal or superior to CT in all except one patient. Marked contrast enhancement produced by Gd-DTPA was observed in carcinomas, sarcomas, inflamed salivary glands, and in normal pharyngeal mucosa. The usefulness of Gd-DTPA may be increased by measuring the enhancement in signal intensity versus time to allow a better differentiation of histological features.

Gadolinium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vascular corrosion casts of the nasal mucosa. An experimental study in the rabbit.

Ten-rabbits of either sex, weighing between 1.8 and 2.7 kg were used for studies on the angioarchitecture of the nasal mucosa of the septum and the anterior concha. Via the common carotid artery, Batson's corrosion compound No. 17 was introduced into the vascular system of the nose after rinsing with Ringer's solution. After digesting the connective tissue between the vessels, vascular corrosion casts were obtained. The replica of the endonasal angioarchitecture offers a unique opportunity to examine the various vascular layers of the nasal mucosa as well as the junction and relationships between different vessels in the different levels of the tunica propria. Our results can be regarded as a useful extension of earlier investigations in this field.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of blood transfusion on recurrence, survival and postoperative infections of laryngeal cancer.

Clinical and experimental studies indicate, that blood transfusion can modify the recipient's immune system. While beneficial to renal allograft survival, these immunomodulating effects may, however, prove detrimental to cancer patients. Recently, an adverse relationship between blood transfusion and cancer recurrence was reported in colon, lung, breast, kidney and gastric cancer. Moreover, a higher postoperative infection rate was observed when blood units were administered intraoperatively. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 174 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx undergoing curative resection between 1979 and 1985. One hundred and forty-one patients received blood transfusions, 33 did not. Recurrence rate (16.7%) was significantly related to clinical stage (p = 0.008) and lymph node status (p = 0.000); cumulative survival time depended significantly on clinical stage (p = 0.003), lymph node status (p = 0.004) and tumor size (p = 0.017). In contrast, when corrected for these baseline prognostic factors, no significant correlation could be detected between blood transfusion and cancer relapse. Also, survival time did not depend on blood transfusions. No correlation could be found between postoperative infection rate and intraoperative application of blood transfusion (p = 0.694). The present study does not support the hypothesis that blood transfusion adversely affects the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer. It indicates, that risk factors other than blood transfusion have a greater influence on recurrence and survival time.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Basic fibroblast growth factor in serum and urine of patients with head and neck cancer.

Between 1996 and 1997 serum and urine levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in patients with head and neck cancer were measured to answer the following questions: i) Are increased levels of b-FGF in serum and urine detectable in patients with malignant head and neck tumors? ii) Do these parameters correlate with tumor stage and differentiation of tumors? iii) Is there an association between growth behaviour (local or metastatic growth) and b-FGF levels in serum and/or urine? Eighty-nine patients with head and neck cancer as well as 45 patients with diseases unrelated to cancer were investigated. Detectable levels of b-FGF were found in the serum and urine of patients with malignant head and neck tumors. In addition, there was a significant correlation between tumor size and b-FGF levels in either serum or urine. No association of b-FGF concentrations with degree of histologic differentiation and tumor growth behaviour was observed. The results of this study demonstrate that b-FGF levels are elevated in serum and urine of patients with head and neck cancer. These findings suggest an involvement of b-FGF in the formation of solid tumors.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of a polyvalent bacterial lysate in patients with recurrent respiratory tract infections: results of a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study.

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common infections in humans, and it is difficult to effectively treat patients with increased susceptibility to these ailments. LW 50020 (Luivac; Paspat oral), an oral immunomodulator consisting of the antigens of seven bacteria commonly involved in RTIs, has been developed for the induction of specific and nonspecific immune responses of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. In this placebo-controlled study, the efficacy and safety of the tablet formulation of LW 50020 were evaluated in children and adults with recurrent RTIs. Tablets were taken once daily during two periods of 4 weeks each, interrupted by a treatment-free interval of 4 weeks. The main endpoint of the study, a clinical severity score that evaluated treatment benefits, was significantly lower in the second study period in patients treated with the bacterial lysate compared to patients given placebo. A comparison of the infection rates in the first and second study periods of patients treated with LW 50020 revealed a placebo-corrected reduction of 39% in children and a placebo-corrected reduction of 44% in adolescents and adults. The placebo-corrected duration of infections was shortened by 47% in children and by 55% in older patients. No serious drug-related side effects occurred. This study demonstrated that the oral bacterial immunomodulator LW 50020 is efficacious in treating patients with recurrent RTIs.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tumors of the nasopharynx and adjacent areas: MR imaging with Gd-DTPA.

The purpose of this study was to describe our experience with Gd-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging in the evaluation of the most common nasopharyngeal tumors. Forty-two patients with tumors of the nasopharynx and adjacent spaces had MR imaging before and after IV injection of Gd-DTPA. Images were obtained with a 1.0-T superconducting magnet imaging system in transverse, coronal, and sagittal planes with T1- and T2-weighted sequences. MR images were compared with CT scans and tumor histology. The studies were categorized by using a grading system with grades ranging from unsatisfactory (grade 0) to optimal (grade 3). Contrast-enhanced MR enables better identification of small anatomic details such as both palatini muscles and the pharyngobasilar fascia. MR after Gd-DTPA was superior to CT in all cases except for tumors of the maxillary sinuses. MR with Gd-DTPA is recommended for tumors that are small and difficult to detect on the initial nonenhanced MR examination or that show subtle infiltrations. Because of the increased cost and longer examination time, MR with Gd-DTPA does not need to be done when large tumors are well delineated.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the diagnostic efficiency of tridimensional reconstruction with nuclear magnetic resonance. Report of a case of nasal sinus carcinoma].

In the past decades the development of magnetic resonance imaging has significantly increased the importance of diagnostic imaging of head and neck lesions. The standard imaging method is base on two-dimensional slices. Recently 3D reconstruction has been established as new imaging method in various medical fields. In the present study we analyse the diagnostic value of the reconstruction method in a case of carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. The results indicate that this technique might be of significant clinical importance for preoperative planning in the case of certain tumors located close to the skull base.

Aged↗