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Biomedical subjects

G Hannington

Publications and source records attributed to G Hannington.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

An early marker of fetal infection after primary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy.

Fourteen patients with primary cytomegalovirus infection diagnosed by serological screening at antenatal attendances were examined for their responses in the lymphocyte transformation test against cytomegalovirus. Tests were done during pregnancy, shortly after the diagnosis of primary infection. Eight women showed positive lymphocyte transformation responses and gave birth to uninfected babies. Six showed negative responses and four of the babies were born congenitally infected. Cellular immunity therefore plays a part in preventing intrauterine transmission of cytomegalovirus, and its depression after primary infection in the mother during pregnancy may be used as an early marker of fetal infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Coxsackie B virus-specific IgM antibody and myocardial infarction.

The ELISA technique was shown to be group-specific for the detection of IgM antibodies against coxsackie B viruses, and probably against a wider range of enteroviruses. No evidence was obtained that recent coxsackie B-virus infection predisposes to myocardial infarction.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of IgG antibodies against Coxsackie B viruses.

In tests for IgG antibodies against Coxsackie B viruses in man, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was essentially group-specific and, unlike the type-specific neutralisation test, usually failed to detect rises in antibody titre in paired, acute and convalescent, sera. However, in rabbits immunised against Coxsackie B viruses, ELISA demonstrated both group- and type-specific antibody responses. The lack of type-specificity of ELISA in man is probably because repeated infection with enteroviruses--echoviruses and Coxsackie A as well as Coxsackie B--results in masking of the type-specific antibody response by group-specific antibody.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioimmunoassay, complement fixation, anticomplement immunofluorescence and passive haemagglutination techniques for detecting cytomegalovirus IgG antibody.

The radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques were found to be comparable in sensitivity and specificity for detecting cytomegalovirus IgG antibody, and 10 to 100 times more sensitive than complement-fixation (CF), anticomplement immunofluorescence (ACIF) and passive haemagglutination (PHA). In screening tests for antibody, the frequency of false-positive and -negative results was 0.6% for RIA and ELISA, 1.5% for CF, 1.6% for ACIF and 3.6% for PHA. PHA was the least satisfactory test, largely because of technical problems. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is an important cause of congenital brain damage and is also a major complication of both prolonged immunosuppressive therapy, especially in patients with organ transplants, and multi-donor blood transfusions. For serological diagnosis of infection, as well as for screening for antibody in patients and in blood donors, the solid-phase indirect radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques offer distinct improvements in sensitivity over previous methods. Although the principle of both tests, based on the detection of antigen-antibody reactions by means of a labelled anti-antibody, is the same, each possesses its own particular technical advantages and disadvantages, and both require their own expensive equipment for the reading of the results. There is still a lack of data on how they compare in sensitivity and specificity. The present study was undertaken to compare the two methods for the detection of CMV IgG and to evaluate them against the older techniques of complement-fixation (CF), passive haemagglutination (PHA) and anticomplement immunofluorescence (ACIF).

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Coxsackie B virus infections and myocardial infarction. Results from a prospective, epidemiologically controlled study.

During an eight-month study, acute serum samples were obtained from all 228 patients admitted with chest pain to a coronary-care unit. On admission a history of a recent influenza-like illness was given by the same proportion (5%) of those subsequently shown to have myocardial infarction, angina, or miscellaneous diagnoses. Myocardial infarction was diagnosed in 105 patients and serum samples were obtained from all of the 93 survivors during convalescence. Sera were also obtained from 99 age and sex matched controls from the same geographical area. Sera from the cases and controls were tested for Coxsackie B antibodies by microneutralisation. In 3 patients with MI and 2 controls significant increases in antibody titre occurred which indicated recent infection. The distribution of type-specific antibodies, geometric mean titres, seropositivity rates, and the prevalence of raised antibody titres were all identical in the cases and the controls. These results do not accord with observations in uncontrolled series which suggested a causal relation between infections with Coxsackie B viruses and myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Cytomegalovirus complement-fixing IgM antibody.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific IgM that fixes complement in the presence of CMV antigen was demonstrated in sera from five patients with primary CMV infection. The CF reaction, demonstrable in the IgM fractions of the sera, was not affected significantly by absorption with aggregated IgG but was abolished by treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol. The IgM antibody was readily detected in CF tests with crude cell-extract antigens, prepared from CMV-infected tissue culture cells, or with purified enveloped-virion antigen but not with CMV-soluble antigens.

Antibodies, Viral↗