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Biomedical subjects

G Herrmann

Publications and source records attributed to G Herrmann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Calcium overload in human giant cell myocarditis.

Myocardial calcium overload was observed in a patient with giant cell myocarditis. The myocardial calcium content estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry amounted to 120 mEq/kg dry weight, and the von Kossa stain disclosed multiple foci with patchy calcifications of myocardial fibres. Cytochemical examination of the ultrastructural calcium localisation using the phosphate-pyroantimonate method showed considerable variation in the subcellular calcium distribution. In normal myocytes calcium precipitates were confined to the inner leaflet of the sarcolemma, T-tubules, intercalated disks, and sporadically to mitochondria. In contrast, extensive calcification of mitochondria and loss of sarcolemmal calcium was evident in necrotic myocytes. A number of grossly normal myocytes also showed an increase of calcium precipitates in slightly swollen mitochondria. These findings suggest that myocardial calcium overload in this case started in viable myocytes and was not merely a secondary phenomenon occurring after cell death.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1990

Mouse monoclonal antibody directed against hepatitis B virus X protein synthesized in Escherichia coli: detection of reactive antigen in liver cell carcinoma and chronic hepatitis.

A mouse monoclonal antibody directed against the protein product of the hepatitis B virus X open reading frame was prepared. This antibody was used to screen liver tissue sections from patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) and patients with liver cell carcinoma (LCC). Reactive antigen was detected by immunohistochemistry in about 30% auf the samples from CH patients and in about 80% of the samples from LCC patients regardless of whether tumor or surrounding nontumor tissue was analyzed. A predominant localization of the antigen in the cytoplasm was observed. In liver sections of CH patients the presence of HBx or HBx-related protein appeared to correlate with the presence of the classical viral antigens HBs- and/or HBcAg. A similar correlation was not found in liver or tumor tissue samples from LCC patients. The occurrence of X-monoclonal-antibody-reactive protein (Xarp) at a low frequency in liver tissue from patients without hepatitis B virus related disease suggests that Xarp in some cases may not be identical with the putative viral X antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the biological exposure test "CS2 in urine"].

The necessity of integration of biological exposure tests, for example the BET "CS2 in urine", is shown in connection with the activities of the works doctor in order to evaluate the individual health risk of the exposed workers. The possibilities on principle for the tests are discussed Topical biological threshold limit values for CS2 in urine on the base of validity studies are presented. In addition a special intervention regime.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1990

[Diagnosis of ventricular septum rupture following acute myocardial infarct using a fiber-optic indwelling catheter].

Rupture of the ventricular septum is a rare complication of acute myocardial infarction. Time of diagnosis, hemodynamic condition, as well as duration and effectiveness of the preoperative treatment determine the clinical outcome after surgical repair. Since its introduction the bedside-applied Swan-Ganz catheter has maintained an important role for the rapid confirmation and quantitation of the infarct-induced ventricular septal rupture. We report on the clinical courses of two patients whose diagnoses were established by means of a fiberoptic-armed Swan-Ganz catheter. Accuracy of the measured oxygen saturation was controlled by in vitro gas analyses with heparinized blood samples. As compared to conventional methods the continuous in vivo oximetry by a fiber-optic system is a simple procedure which facilitates repeated shunt calculations during hemodynamic monitoring in critically ill patients.

Catheterization, Swan-Ganz↗
PubMed1989

[Indications and results of orthotopic heart transplantation in coronary heart disease].

In parallel to increasing numbers of orthotopic heart transplantations performed during recent years, the proportion of patients with preexisting ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) enlarged. The present study examined peri- and postoperative risk factors and the prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease after orthotopic heart transplantation in comparison to a group with dilatated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This comparison revealed a higher risk of severe rejection episodes in patients with coronary artery disease, whereas infections were not more frequent. Graft atherosclerosis was found in a higher incidence in patients with preexisting ICM than in the DCM group. The overall incidence of graft atherosclerosis was less than 10% at one and at two years after orthotopic heart transplantation. Postoperative renal function was more impaired in the group of ICM patients, although blood levels of cyclosporine A were lower in this group. In the ICM group one and two year survival rates were 75% and 74%, respectively. Although survival rates are lower in this patient group, if compared to DCM patients (84% and 83%), orthotopic heart transplantation seems to be acceptable therapeutic alternative for endstage coronary artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intracoronary nisoldipine: effects on acute myocardial ischemia during coronary angioplasty.

The effects on ischemic myocardium of 0.05 mg nisoldipine given by intracoronary injection were studied in 22 patients subjected to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The angioplasty balloon was inflated for periods of 60 seconds. During the occlusion period, pulmonary wedge pressure was measured, an intracoronary epicardial ECG recorded, and ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were determined by means of digital subtraction angiography. After the intracoronary administration of nisoldipine, the onset of the rise in diastolic filling pressure was slightly delayed from 29 to 36 seconds. While affecting neither the rise in filling pressure nor the increase in end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes after 60 seconds of ischemia, nisoldipine delayed the occurrence (from 13 to 33 seconds; p less than 0.005) and reduced the extent (from 1.5 to 0.6 mV; p less than 0.001) of ischemic ST elevation in the intracoronary ECG. After nisoldipine, anginal symptoms were clearly reduced during the ischemic phase in the majority of patients. These findings suggest that intracoronary pretreatment with nisoldipine leads to a regional protection of ischemic myocardium without any appreciable effect on ischemia-induced myocardial dysfunction.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗
PubMed1989

Left ventricular function, tricuspid incompetence, and incidence of coronary artery disease late after orthotopic heart transplantation.

Functional results and data concerning the incidence and severity of graft atherosclerosis (GASC) and tricuspid incompetence (TI) in the intermediate term after orthotopic heart transplantation (HTX) are still striking. We examined 92 patients 1, 2, and 3 years after HTX by right and left heart catheterization in order to evaluate pump function, the status of the coronary arteries and the extend of TI, using a double indicator thermodilation technique. Mean left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction were normal 1 and 2 years post-transplant. The incidence of GASC was 8/87 (9.2%) at 1, and 11/92 (12%) at 2 years. It was more frequent (16%) in patients with preexisting coronary artery disease (IHD) than in patients with underlying dilative cardiomyopathy (DCM) (11%). At the end of the 1st postoperative year, 62% of patients were free of TI, whereas only 38% had normal valve function 2 years posttransplant. In 9/14 (64%) of patients, consecutively assessed at 1 and 2 years, TI had increased between both investigations. Preoperative haemodynamics, the number of endomyocardial biopsies and rejection episodes as well as preoperative cardiac size did not correlate with TI. Left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction are normal in the intermediate term after HTX. The incidence of GASC was less than 10% at 1 year and did not significantly increase thereafter. TI is a frequent and yet unexplained finding after HTX showing a considerable tendency to increase with time, but with little or not haemodynamic consequence.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Inhalation of carbon disulfide--studies of carbon disulfide uptake in dynamic dose administration lasting 4 hours].

Experiments of CS2 inhalation were accomplished with both constant loads at the ergometer combined with constant concentration of inhalation and discontinuous offered doses combined with various physical loads during 240 minutes. The conditions of the experiment were approximated to the real conditions of exposure at a viscose rayon fibres production. The intake of CS2 increased by 20 percent in case of various conditions. The cause of this finding is a different adaptation during the intake phase in opposition to the breath off phase. The profile of the exposure affected by changed CS2 concentrations and various physical activities is decisive for the intake dosage and thus for the health risk.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1989

Temporary chemoembolization of colorectal liver metastases with degradable starch microspheres.

Increasing drug delivery to the tumor should induce improved tumor response. To study this the effect of degradable starch microspheres (DSM) and mitomycin was evaluated in 11 patients with chemoembolization of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) and previous floxuridine (FUDR) treatment. In 10 patients access to the hepatic artery was obtained either by infusaid pump or infusion chambers. Indications for chemoembolization were: Failure of continuous FUDR treatment (n = 7), biliary sclerosis (n = 2), incomplete liver perfusion (n = 2), extensive disease (n = 2). Preliminary observations showed a wide range of required DSM dose. Therefore each individual dose was determined by the use of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Seventy-five percent of the DSM dosage, which induced reversed flow in the common hepatic artery, was selected for treatment. DSM was then administered four times every 2 hours/day/monthly. The last DSM doses were mixed with 10 mg mitomycin C. Observed response rates, controlled by chemotherapy (CT) and tumor markers, were: complete response 1/11; partial response 3/11; stable disease 2/11; progression 5/11. The median duration of response was 6.5 (range 3-21) months. DSM application induced redistribution of arterial flow towards previously unperfused portions of the liver. The required DSM doses decreased about 20-30% from the first to the last chemoembolization cycle. Although there was no systemic toxicity, embolization was associated with several local side effects. Moderate to heavy pain in spite of morphia and neuroleptics was experienced in 55% of all treatments. Some patients demonstrated an elevation in body temperature of up to 39 degrees C. Postembolization liver biopsies revealed more intense tumor necrosis associated with more severe hepato-toxicity than was seen with continuous FUDR treatment. It is concluded that the optimal sequence and dosage of mitomycin and DSM has to be further evaluated in prospective trials before clinical application.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Combined heart and kidney transplantation in terminal myocardial and renal insufficiency].

In a 38-year-old man combined heart and kidney transplantation was performed successfully in one operation. Both organs have functioned well postoperatively: the patient was discharged from hospital on the 19th postoperative day and has remained in functional class I (New York Heart Association) eight months later. Only two episodes of cardiac rejection have been observed during this period, responding to treatment, and there was no evidence of rejection of the kidney. Such combined heart-kidney transplantation from one donor seems to be a promising form of treatment for patients in end-stage myocardial and renal failure. The frequency of cardiac rejections my be lower after combined heart-kidney transplantation than after cardiac transplantation alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)- and 5-vinyl-1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil (BrVaraU, VaraU) in the treatment of experimental herpes simplex virus type 1 keratitis in rabbits: comparison with (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BrVUdR).

The 5-substituted 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl (araU) analogues, (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-araU (BrVaraU) and 5-vinyl-araU (VaraU), which can be considered as structural analogues of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BrVUdR), are potent and selective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication in vitro. BrVaraU and VaraU have been compared with BrVUdR for their therapeutic effect on acute HSV-1 keratitis in rabbits. Both araU derivatives applied as 0.1% eyedrops suppressed the development of keratitis as monitored by the reduced number of herpes efflorescences. The healing effect of BrVaraU and VaraU was less pronounced than that of 0.1% BrVUdR eyedrops, the difference between BrVUdR and VaraU being statistically significant at the 10th day of treatment. As a further indication of the healing effect the number of cornea with opacities seen after cessation of drug treatment were 3.3, 7.4, 27.6 and 46.9% for the BrVUdR-BrVaraU-, VaraU- and placebo-treated eyes, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Reduced diastolic left ventricular posterior wall motion in patients with constrictive pericarditis--incidence, hemodynamic and clinical correlations.

In 24 patients with constrictive pericarditis proven by cardiac catheterization, the amplitude of diastolic left ventricular posterior wall motion was evaluated by M-mode echocardiography and compared to the results of 24 healthy volunteers. The amplitude was significantly less in constrictive pericarditis patients than in normal controls (0.3 +/- 0.2 mm versus 3.9 +/- 0.4 mm) (P less than 0.001). No constrictive pericarditis patient demonstrated a higher value than 2 mm whereas none of the healthy volunteers had an amplitude less than 3 mm. In 11 of 13 constrictive pericarditis patients who underwent pericardiectomy, an increase in amplitude was observed. In 6 patients the amplitude returned to normal limits after surgery. No significant correlation between the degree of heart failure or the level of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and the reduction of the amplitude was found. In addition, the amplitude of left ventricular diastolic posterior wall motion did not allow a clear separation between patients who could be treated medically and those requiring pericardiectomy.

Adult↗