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Biomedical subjects

G Heyden

Publications and source records attributed to G Heyden.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Studies on human minor salivary gland secretions using the Periotron method.

Secretions from minor salivary glands were estimated in 127 individuals by the Periotron method of measuring fluid output from different mucosal sites, and outputs were related to different variables. Large intra- and interindividual variations in secretions (expressed as microliter/cm2 per min) were observed, with means of 0.9 for the palatal, 4.8 for the labial and 16.0 for the buccal mucosal sites. Age had no influence on the secretion rate, but women had 10-20% lower values from all three sites than men (p < 0.05). Individuals wearing upper dentures or using tobacco had 300 and 27% increased palatal secretion rates, respectively (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). In addition, those being treated with diuretics had 15% lower rates of secretion from buccal mucosal glands (p < 0.05), and those complaining of oral dryness had 21% lower fluid output from the labial mucosa (p < 0.05). These results support the use of minor salivary glands in combination with the Periotron method to study mucosal secretions and functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Use of computer-assisted image analysis for noninvasive evaluation of oral lichenoid reactions and oral leukoplakia.

The objective of the present study was to elaborate and to evaluate a method in which the clinical appearance of a mucosal lesion could be expressed by means of color and morphologic features extracted from digitized images. The ability to express mucosal changes with image features was evaluated, as was the accuracy of a classification of the lesions on the basis of image feature analysis. Computer-assisted image analysis was performed on digitized color slides from 76 patients with lichenoid reactions that included both oral lichen planus and contact lesions and 20 patients with homogenous oral leukoplakia. Color features were measured according to the intensity-hue-saturation color system, and morphologic features were estimated by tracing the hyperkeratotic area. Hyperkeratinizing and inflammatory tissue reactions could be demonstrated and defined by image analysis. Image features indicating inflammatory tissue reactions were more pronounced in cases of oral lichenoid reactions. Morphologic parameters could express the anatomic appearance of the lesions. The comparison between histopathologic diagnosis and a classification through computerized analysis demonstrated that 90.5% of oral lichenoid reactions could be separated from homogenous oral leukoplakia by linear discriminant analysis.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed1994

Computer analysis in oral lichenoid reactions.

To improve diagnostic procedures and facilitate clinical decision-making, computer-assisted image analysis was performed on color slides from 30 patients with histopathologically verified oral lichenoid reactions. Areas from white hyperkeratotic and adjacent red inflamed areas of the lesions were selected and subjected to image analysis. The digitization of the color slides was done by means of an image scanner, and the digital information was transmitted to a personal computer for subsequent feature extraction and analysis. The different oral lesions were characterized as the difference in mean values between white hyperkeratotic and red inflamed areas, respectively, compared with clinically normal tissue. Statistical analyses were made on three different color systems: Red-Green-Blue (RGB), normalized red-green-blue (rgb), and Intensity-Hue-Saturation (IHS). The results showed statistically significant differences in all color systems for both the hyperkeratotic areas and adjacent inflammatory reactions. A linear correlation was obtained when the results of the image analysis of color variations were compared with a clinical score system for hyperkeratosis and inflammation evaluated by two investigators independently.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

The predominant microflora of the palatal mucosa in an elderly island population.

The prevalence and microbiology of macrophotographically documented denture stomatitis were studied in denture wearers participating in an interdisciplinary health-monitoring project (Koster Health Project) on the Koster islands, Sweden. Upper dentures were used by 26.6% of the adult population, and 59.2% of the denture wearers had stomatitis. Denture stomatitis type I was identified as sialadenitis. The more severe forms of denture stomatitis (types II and III) demonstrated increased recovery of microorganisms in the palatal mucosa in addition to sialadenitis. Only one proband showed increased growth of fungi. Hemophilus spp. and Bacteroides spp. were the predominating microorganisms in stomatitis types II and III. Shifts in the normal oral flora are suggested to be an important factor for the development of denture stomatitis. It is concluded that bacterial colonization on the palatal mucosa may play an important role in denture stomatitis in this relatively healthy population.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Effects of tobacco and diuretics on human palatal salivary glands.

The prevalence of macrophotographically documented sialadenitis in the palatal mucosa of 184 probands, aged 23 yr or older, was studied in the Koster Health project. A total of 75 (mean age 58.9) revealed inflammatory changes around the duct orifices of the palatal glands. In 10, biopsies were performed for histomorphologic analyses to confirm the diagnosis of sialadenitis. Statistics with matched pairs showed a significantly higher ratio of tobacco use among individuals with sialadenitis than among those with clinically unchanged palatal gland orifices. A relationship between the use of diuretics and sialadenitis was also statistically significant. It can be concluded that tobacco use and diuretics may induce inflammatory changes in the palatal glands and that macrophotography of the palatal mucosa may serve as a valuable, non-invasive method for scoring sialadenitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of oral and general health development among institutionalized elderly people.

This investigation comprises a longitudinal (2 yr) study of development in oral and general health among 100 institutionalized elderly people in Gothenburg. The aim of the study was to photographically document variations in oral health in relation to variation in the general health of these individuals during the period of the project. Changes noted from one examination to the next were limited to a judgment of an "unchanged", "deteriorated", or "improved" status. Medical analyses were based upon information collected from medical charts and the subjective impressions of the care staff, and odontological analyses were based upon photographic screening according to a set of given criteria. Results demonstrated a relation between developments in oral and general health among older people. The strongest relationships were registered between changes on the tongue and general health. The project has shown that a standardized photographic follow-up of health developments in oral tissues can be a valuable aid in cooperative efforts between medical physicians and dentists regarding health supervision of the elderly.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

A new approach to interdisciplinary health studies: the Koster Health Project.

The Koster Health Project, initiated in 1987, is an interdisciplinary development project with a focus on human ecology. The objectives are to use relatively simple methods of medical and odontological annual examinations to carry out a 10-year longitudinal study of how life situations and life style factors may direct the development of individual's health in a sparse, geographically rather isolated and socially static, rural population in which it is possible to compare older and younger generations. An investigative model is established on the Koster islands and in this model assessments of given health criteria and other preventive medical, odontological and psychosocial measures may be followed up. Furthermore, the effects of environmental changes may be ascertained. Based on the experiences from the Koster Health Project, national and international seminars are arranged on the islands with emphasis on the impact of environment and life style on human health. The nutritional questions are the centre of specific interest.

Community Health Services↗
PubMed1990

Critical issues of ageing: the dentist as a supervisor of the general health of the elderly.

The importance of the dentist's role in monitoring the general health of the ageing patient is described and its value is stressed. The quality of life and the health of an elderly patient is very closely linked with oral health, whilst the reverse is also true. The use of oral photography is described in this age group as an aid to diagnosis, review of possible pathological changes, patient motivation and as an educational resource.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Clinical macrophotography for oral health monitoring purposes. Methods and results from a comparative study.

This article describes new equipment and standardized methods of clinical oral macrophotography. The techniques have been in use by the authors for over three years in longitudinal health monitoring investigations including the Koster Health development project with a focus on human ecology. Our experience of systematic follow-up macrophotography of the tissues of the oral cavity lends support to the opinion that use of the clinical camera makes it possible to detect considerably more tissue deviations than with merely the naked eye in the ordinary oral medical examination situation. Thus the routines described here increase precision and systematics at oral health monitoring routines.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Insect bite associated Kaposi's sarcoma with oral lesions.

A case of Kaposi's sarcoma with oral, pharyngeal and extremity lesions is reported. The first lesion appeared on the spot of an insect bite on the left leg during a stay in the Mediterranean area. Possible viral transmission by this route is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Computer aided photograph analyses in oral medicine--a pilot study.

In this methodological, pilot study the usefulness of computer aided photograph analyses (CAPA) was tested for the demonstration of intraoral tissue changes, registered by standardized, clinical close-up (2:1) photography. Individual effects of tobacco on, a.o., the blood vessel supply of the oral mucosa were, thus, documented photographically every five minutes after cigarette smoking and snuff-dipping respectively in three healthy volunteers, aged 45, 35 and 30 years. In the same way the effects of nicotine, released from a 4mg Nicorette chewing gum (Leo), were recorded in all test persons. The clinical photographs were transformed into digital images and analysed by means of computer graphics (Supernova 24.1 and IBM-AT; ART 2 programme) for comparative investigations of the series of pictures. The methods employed facilitated the demonstration of even minor tissue changes in the original photographs. Standardized macrophotography of the oral mucosa and subsequent CAPA-procedures may be valuable tools in interdisciplinary research with the purpose to visualize, a.o. drug-induced, vascular changes. The digitized images may be used for statistical analyses. Further improvements of the CAPA-technique are in progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Histochemical investigation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

An enzyme histochemical method and histomorphological examination were applied in the cases of 37 patients with cytological atypia. Good agreement was found between the presence of aberrant glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) activity (metabolic atypia) and histopathologically demonstrable dysplasia. Only three women with metabolic atypia showed a normal histopathological picture. The results suggest that enzyme histochemistry may also be a valuable supplement to histopathology in the diagnosis of cervical neoplastic changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The application of microspectrocytofluorometric measurement of Feulgen nuclear DNA content to experimental tumors of rat submandibular gland. 1. Pathogensis and nuclear DNA content.

Pellets containing 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) were inserted into the submandibular glands of 65 male Fischer rats to determine the nuclear DNA content of both metaplastic epithelium during the process of development of squamous metaplasia (noted at 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 15 weeks after insertion) and tumor cells of squamous cell carcinoma 24 weeks after insertion. From the second week of insertion onward, squamous metaplasia was found in excretory duct remaining epithelium in the tissues around the pellet. Dysplasia or a lining of metaplastic epithelium with atypia adjacent to pellets (i.e., formation of an epidermal cyst) was observed 5 weeks after insertion. Coincident with this dysplasia or metaplastic epithelium with atypia, variation in the nuclear DNA content was observed, showing the emergence of octaploids and a widespread histogram pattern with many peaks. Between 7 and 15 weeks, 25%-66% of the lining metaplastic epithelium showed variation in the nuclear DNA content due to shift of a peak (major mode) to a triploid as well as a vague major mode with the appearance of octaploids, etc. Tumors of the submandibular gland were recognized at 24 weeks in 11 (55%) of 20 rats. Nine were keratinized squamous cell carcinomas and the remaining 2 were carcinosarcomas. Marked abnormalities in the nuclear DNA content were observed in 5 of the 11 rats (45.5%), 3 with keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and 2 with carcinosarcomas. In contrast, no marked variation in the nuclear DNA content was found in 5 rats in which the tumor was associated with cysts.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1987

The application of microspectrocytofluorometric measurement of Feulgen nuclear DNA content in experimental tumors of rat submandibular gland, 2. The correlation between proliferative ability and nuclear DNA content of tumor tissue in autotransplanted areas.

We have reported that there is a difference in the variation of the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells among cases of squamous cell carcinoma induced by 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA) in the rat submandibular gland. In the present investigation, the relationship between the nuclear DNA content of tumor cells in autotransplanted sections collected from primary lesions of DMBA-induced tumors and their proliferative ability in the subfascial area of the rat abdomen was examined. As a result of autotransplantation, proliferation in the autotransplanted area was observed in 6 of 14 (42.8%) cases of autotransplantation. Five of these had a keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma while the remaining one had a sarcomatoid tumor. The histological type of the tumor of the proliferative lesion in the transplanted area was very similar to that of the tumor tissues in the primary lesion or the transplanted section collected from the primary lesions. In the proliferative group, marked variation of the nuclear DNA content was observed in the tumor cells of the transplanted section. The proliferative index (PI) was high for these tumor cells in this group. There was no variation in the nuclear DNA content in the tumor cells of the nonproliferative group, and the PI was also low. These results were considered to suggest that there was a correlation between the nuclear DNA content of these experimental tumor cell and their proliferative ability in the autotransplanted area. Therefore, the determination of nuclear DNA content by this method can be used as an objective index of the proliferative ability of tumor tissue.

Animals↗