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Biomedical subjects

G Horowitz

Publications and source records attributed to G Horowitz.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effect of sodium cyanate upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclaer leukocytes.

Sodium cyanate, a drug that prevents sickling of hemoglobin S by virtue of its irreversible carbamylation of the N-terminal amino group of valine, was studied for its effect upon the function of normal human polymorphonuclear luekocytes. In concentrations of 500 and 100 mug/ml, sodium cyanate was found to inhibit killing by neutrophils of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Eschierichia coli but not of Streptococcus faecalis. Viability of cells and phagocytosis were not affected by cyanate; however, production of [14-C] carbon dioxide from [1-14-C] glucose and the iodination of 125-I during phagocytosis were significantly impaired. Cyanate is thought to inbibit the bacterixidal activity of neutrophils by interfering with the oxidative metabolism of gluxose via the hexose monophosphate shunt (theraby decreasing production of H-2-O-2) and by inbibiting iodination of ingested bacteria (either by competing with iodide as the oxidizable cofactor or by inhibiting myeloperoxidase). Since these effects of cyanate were all reversible by washing the nurtrophils free of the drug, it is unlikely that they are due to amino carbamylation.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1975

Pallido-pyramidal syndrome treated with levodopa.

Two siblings are reported who developed classical signs and symptoms of Parkinsonism in the first decade of life. In addition, they had evidence of cortical spinal tract disease, thus putting them in the category of Davison's pallido-pyramidal syndrome. Both deteriorated to the point of a non-productive existence until the institution of levodopa treatment, at the ages of 18 and 20 years. The response of the extrapyramidal signs plus the lack of response of the pyramidal tract signs demonstrate the specificity of a pharmacological agent in certain areas of the nervous system. The rapid response of the female patient to very low doses of levodopa is unusual in our experience. Both patients have remained well for eight months after initiation of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Halitosis: an interdisciplinary approach.

PURPOSE: To summarize the experience in our halitosis clinic, emphasizing an interdisciplinary approach. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients with a primary complaint of halitosis were evaluated. Their health was established by a questionnaire, by clinical examination, and by laboratory analysis. Halitosis was evaluated organoleptically by a dentist and an otolaryngologist (odds ratio [OR] = 5.7). The volatile sulfide levels were measured with a portable sulfide monitor (Halimeter; RH-17 series, Interscan, Chatsworth, CA). RESULTS: The patients were found to suffer from otolaryngological disorders (26%), dental problems (23%), oral discomfort (18%), and gastrointestinal pathology (10%), or several of the above. In 31% of the patients, however, no clinical involvement was detected. The salivary flow rates in the patients were similar to those in healthy controls, whereas their oral Candida carrier rate was low (28%). Fifty-seven percent of the patients had objective halitosis by organoleptic evaluation and 61% by Halimeter measurement. CONCLUSION: A high percentage of the patients who came to the clinic with a primary complaint of halitosis did not have a detectable problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detailed analysis of auditory brainstem responses in patients with noise-induced tinnitus.

The role of the auditory brainstem in tinnitus is questionable. This study aimed comprehensively to assess auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) in patients suffering from noise-induced tinnitus (NIT). ABRs were recorded from 13 chronic NIT patients (21 ears) and 11 (21 ears) age and hearing matched control subjects without tinnitus. ABRs were recorded with scalp electrodes placed ipsilateral and contralateral to the stimulated ear, and in three orthonormal differential configurations. The ABRs were analyzed as a function of time, frequency and voltage space. A significantly enhanced ipsilaterally recorded, time domain wave III amplitude was observed for the tinnitus patients. This finding was not confirmed by any of the other ABR measures, which were indistinguishable between subject groups. Although this may be a spurious result, it nonetheless may point to an alteration in the functioning of the putative wave III auditory brainstem generator, which deserves further study.

Adult↗