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Biomedical subjects

G I Aleksandrova

Publications and source records attributed to G I Aleksandrova.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effectiveness of peroral and intranasal immunization of school children with live allantoic influenza vaccine- and comparative study.

A comparative study of two preparations of allantoic live influenza vaccine, one for intranasal and the other for peroral immunization of children of school age, was peformed under conditions of a blind epidemiological trial. Previously obtained data on the safety and high immunogenicity of the intranasal vaccine variant, prepared from extremely attenuated cold-adapted strains, were confirmed. The peroral administration of the live influenza vaccine, in use in the USSR for active immunization of the adult population, also stimulated influenza immunity without producing postvaccinal reactions. Peroral and intranasal immunization with the above variants of live allantoic influenza vaccine markedly lowered in the frequency of influenza disease during an influenza epidemic, the mean index of effectiveness being equal to a factor of 2. Evidence of prospectiveness of influenza prophylaxis among school children was obtained.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1978

[Comprehensive prophylactic examinations of women for the detection of early forms of breast cancer].

Under examination were 2699 females over 30 years of age having no complaints of the mammary gland induration. The following diagnostic tests were used: 1) clinical; 2) thermography of mammary glands; 3) mammography in two projections. Breast cancer was revealed in 12 females (in 4.4 per 1,000 persons under examination). The clinical method solely revealed mammary gland cancer in 0.14%, thermography--in 0.28%, mammography-in 0.57%. A two-step examination, when persons suspected of breast pathology being preliminary identified, enabled the recognition of breast cancer in 2.97% (29.7 per 1,000 examined subjects). 41.6 per cent of the detected tumors proved to be lobar carcinoma in situ, 33 per cent--microfoci of scirrhous and solid cancer. The conclusion is drawn on somewhat limited opportunities of thermography as a screening method due to very frequent pseudopositive diagnoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Conditions for production of thermosensitive attenuated influenza virus recombinants.

Recombination and cross-reactivation between virulent influenza viruses and a cold-adapted thermosensitive vaccine strain regularly produced genetically stable attenuated recombinants, the selection of which was based on the thermosensitivity marker. This marker, correlating with the safety of the recombinants for man was inherited independently on the properties of the haemagglutinin and neuraminidase surface antigens. There was no relationship between the thermosensitivity of the resulting recombinants and the decrease in the optimal temperature of the neuraminidase activity (OTNA marker). This indicates a separate localization in the viral genome of the mutation damages responsible for the expression of ts and OTNA markers.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1976

Interfering activity of virulent and attenuated influenza virus strains.

The interfering activity of influenza virus variants A/Hong Kong/1/68 (H3N202), A/Victoria/35/72(H3N2-3), B/14/55 and B/USSR/69 differing in the level of their reactogenicity for adults and children was studied. An inverse relationship was established between reactogenicity of the strains and their interfering activity in the resistant chick embryo cell (CEC) cultures. Virulent strains did not interfere with vesicular stomatitis virus. Vaccine strains used for commercial live influenza vaccine safe for adults but reactogenic in children were intermediate and showed moderate interfering activity. The highest capacity for interference was demonstrated in cold-adapted thermosensitive variants non-pathogenic for both adults and children. The interfering activity of the attenuated strains increased progressively with increasing inocula.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience in selecting safe heat-sensitive influenza virus A recombinants].

Conditions for genetic recombination and laboratory testing of influenza A virus for rapid production of safe vaccine strains needed in human vaccination were developed. The best donors of attenuation were found to include limitingly attenuated outdated vaccine strains adapted to low temperature and having important differentiating features such as thermosensitivity and reduced optimal temperature of neuraminidase activity. Trials in volunteers of a large collection of recombinants produced by recombination of these donors with various virulent strains circulating in 1972--1976 (A/Victoria/72, A/Port Chalmers/73, and A/Virtoria/75) demonstrated complete safety for man of clones with different combinations of rct/40 and OTNA genetic markers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differentiating markers of virulent and attenuated (cold-adapted) strains of influenza A virus].

A high sensitivity of influenza virus to replication at a high temperature and a reduction of the temperature optimum of the neuraminidase activity are important genetic markers correlating with the degree of attenuation for the man. Cold-adapted variants of influenza virus produced in the course of passages at a low (25-28 degrees C) temperature are thermo-sensitive. The passage of the viruses at the optimal temperature (32 degrees C) does not change the range of thermal sensitivity even in variants, harmless for adult persons. The interfering activity of influenza viruses with different levels of human virulence was studied. A considerable portion of the examined cold-adapted strains differs from the original virulent strains in the capacity to interfere with the challenge virus in chick embryo fibroblast cell culture. However some thermosensitive variants as well as original strains do not react in interference tests. This indicates the lack of complete correlation between the interfering activity, thermal sensitivity and human virulence of influenza virus.

Adaptation, Physiological↗