Biomedical subjects

G I Juhl

Publications and source records attributed to G I Juhl.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Onset of acetaminophen analgesia: comparison of oral and intravenous routes after third molar surgery.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this randomized double-blind study was to compare the efficacy and safety of propacetamol 2 g (an i.v. acetaminophen 1 g formulation) administered as a 2-min bolus injection (n=50) or a 15-min infusion (n=50) with oral acetaminophen 1 g (n=50) or placebo (n=25) for analgesia after third molar surgery in patients with moderate to severe pain after impacted third molar removal. METHODS: All patients were evaluated for efficacy during the initial 6 h period after treatment administration (T(0)) and for safety during the entire week after T(0). RESULTS: The onset of analgesia after propacetamol was shorter (3 min for bolus administration, 5 min for 15-min infusion) than after oral acetaminophen (11 min). Active treatments were significantly better for all parameters (pain relief, pain intensity, patient's global evaluation, duration of analgesia) than placebo (P<0.05). Adverse events were more frequent after propacetamol, especially pain at the injection site. Propacetamol bolus resulted in a much higher incidence of local adverse events than the infusion (propacetamol bolus 90% vs propacetamol infusion 52%) with no clinically significant benefits in terms of analgesic efficacy. CONCLUSION: I.V. propacetamol, administered as a 15-min infusion, is a fast-acting analgesic agent. It is more effective in terms of onset of analgesia than a similar dose of oral acetaminophen.

Acetaminophen↗

PubMed1996

[Deep subacute accidental hypothermia. A case with an unusual clinical picture and course].

A case of a patient with core temperature of 24.4 degrees C, presenting an unusual clinical picture, is described. A 68 year-old man was found outdoors after being exposed to five to eight hours of coldness. He was found awake, with dry clothes and an alcohol foetor. After eight hours the serum ethanol was measured as 6 mmol/l. He could not speak but was able to move all four extremities. A sinus bradycardia of 23 beats per minute was present but no other arrhythmia was seen. The temperature rose to 31.2 degrees C within four hours and body temperature was normal after 10 hours. The only treatment given was passive rewarming with blankets and 2.5 l isotonic NaCl warmed to 40 degrees C given intravenously. This clinical picture supports the assumption that ethanol protects the myocardium against arrhythmias in deep hypothermia.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Physical bone changes in carragheenin-induced arthritis evaluated by quantitative computed tomography.

Repeated non-invasive measurements were performed in dogs of trabecular bone density (TBD), low density bone area (LDBA), and high density bone area (HDBA) in chronic arthritis using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Unilateral chronic arthritis of the knee had been induced by weekly instillation of 2 ml carragheenin into the right knee joint for 12 weeks with the left knee serving as a control. CT scanning of the distal femoral condyles was performed in 12 mature dogs with chronic arthritis. Another 6 dogs underwent a longitudinal CT study starting immediately prior to induction of arthritis. During induction of arthritis TBD decreased (P less than 0.01), LDBA increased (P less than 0.05) and HDBA decreased (P less than 0.01) in the arthritic bone. Opposite changes were found on the control side, i.e. TBD increased (P less than 0.01), LDBA decreased (P less than 0.01) and HDBA increased (P less than 0.01). The chronic arthropathic bone showed 20% lower TBD (P less than 0.0001), greater LDBA (P less than 0.0001) and lower HDBA (P less than 0.0001) as compared with the control bone. Reproducibility tests of TBD showed a coefficient of variation of 0.8%. Indentation tests and histomorphometric analyses confirmed the bone density changes as measured by CT.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Fixation of titanium and hydroxyapatite-coated implants in arthritic osteopenic bone.

Retrieval studies of porous-coated prostheses have demonstrated deficient bony ingrowth in high percentages. Possible reasons for this are lack of initial mechanical stability and the presence of osteopenia. The authors studied ingrowth of osteopenic bone into titanium alloy (Ti) porous-coated implants with and without hydroxyapatite (HA) coating in an experimental dog model. Unilateral osteopenia of the knee with a 20% reduced bone density as judged by computed tomography (CT) scanning (P less than .001) was induced in 12 mature dogs by weekly intraarticular injections of Carragheenin into the right knee for 12 weeks, with the left knee serving as control. Ti porous-coated cylinders were inserted in press-fit bilaterally in the lateral femoral condyles in six dogs. HA-coated titanium plugs were implanted similarly in another sex-, age-, and weight-matched group of six dogs. Bony ingrowth after 4 weeks was significantly reduced for Ti implants in osteopenic bone compared to control bone, but HA-coated implants were covered by equal amounts of bone tissue. Bone-implant shear strength of Ti implants also was reduced in osteopenic bone compared to control bone. In control bone, the anchorage of Ti implants was stronger than HA-coated implants, whereas the fixation of Ti and HA-coated implants was equal in the osteopenic bone. The results demonstrate that the bony fixation of Ti porous-coated implants is weakened by the presence of experimentally induced osteopenia. However, the fixation of HA-coated implants was not affected by the osteopenic condition in the surrounding bone. The fixation of Ti and HA-coated implants was equal in osteopenic bone, whereas the fixation of Ti porous-coated implants was superior to that of HA-coated implants in control bone.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Gap healing enhanced by hydroxyapatite coating in dogs.

During prosthetic implantation, gaps between the implant surface and the surrounding bone may occur resulting in reduced implant stability. In these instances bone-conductive materials might augment the formation of hosting bone into the pores of the implant and insure earlier implant stabilization and fixation by bony ingrowth. Titanium-alloy cylinders with a porous-titanium-alloy plasma spray coating were implanted into the medial femoral condyles in six mature dogs. In another group of six dogs, matched in age, weight, and gender, hydroxyapatite (HA) coated implants were used. All implants were surrounded by a 1-mm gap. Unilateral osteopenia of the knee, with a 20% reduction of bone density as judged by computed tomography scanning, was induced by 12 weekly intraarticular injections of carrageenin into the right knee before surgery. Four weeks after implantation, the HA-coated implants were compared to the parent porous-titanium implants by mechanical testing and histomorphometry. A marked positive influence of HA coating on bone mineralization and the strength of the interfacial bone between the bone and implant was found. The increment in interface shear strength and shear stiffness was three- to fivefold in osteopenic bone and two-fold in control bone. Coating of an unloaded porous-titanium-coated implant with HA accelerates the rate of bone ingrowth and thereby provides relatively high, early interfacial shear strengths in the presence of an initial gap between bone and implant even in the presence of osteopenic host bone.

Animals↗