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Biomedical subjects

G I Krichevskaia

Publications and source records attributed to G I Krichevskaia.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Diagnosis and importance of the opportunistic herpes-virus infection in etiology and pathogenesis of different eye diseases].

A total of 439 patients (adults--184, children--255) with herpetic keratitis as well as with uveitis and choriorenitis of different geneses and localizations were examined. An aggravation of HSV-infection was determined by detecting, in the blood), anti-bodies to the unstructured early viral antigens by using the immune enzyme analysis (IEA). The efficiency of the test was demonstrated during the examination of patients with different ophthalmic pathologies. An active infection was detected in 16-39% of patients with various ocular diseases of non-herpetic etiology. The pathogenetic value of reactivated HSV infection is diverse: it can function as an etiological or trigger factor and it can aggravate the main disease through causing, postoperatively, complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytomegalovirus infection in children with endogenous uveitis].

A total of 405 children aged 3 months to 15 years with uveitis of different origin and localization and 50 mothers of children with intrauterine uveitis were tested for cytomegaloviruses (CMV). Chronic CMV infection was detected in 79% children and 88% mothers. Active CMV infection was diagnosed in 7.1% children with various clinical forms of uveitis; it was somewhat more frequent in cases with grave posterior uveitis and panuveitis complicated by detachment of the retina and vitreous fibrosis. Anti-CMV IgG antibodies indicate an infection, but their detection is insufficient for identifying the etiology of uveitis. Active CMV infection can be a cause of uveitis or aggravate uveitis of another etiology and favor the development of postoperative complications. In many cases active CMV infection was detected in children during remission without clinical signs of uveitis activity. Individual analysis of clinical laboratory data is needed for each patient in order to evaluate the etiological and pathogenetic role of active CMV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence and clinical significance of active cytomegalovirus infection in patients with inflammatory ophthalmopathy].

A total of 374 patients with different inflammatory diseases of the eyes were examined (227 children and 147 adults). For detecting active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, sera were tested for antibodies to nonstructural intact CMV proteins. Antibodies were detected in 26 of 147 adults (17.7%) and 15 of 227 children (6.6%). Difference in the frequency of detection of active CMV infection in adults and children is statistically significant (p < 0.01). Three groups of patients with active CMV were distinguished: children with congenital diseases, immunocompromised patients, and the most numerous group of patients with isolated ocular diseases without manifest signs of immunodepression. In this latter group active CMV was detected in patients with different clinical diagnoses, including ophthalmic herpes. Russian commercial enzyme immunoassay kit CMV-Control proved to be a highly sensitive, simple, and cheap test for the diagnosis of exacerbations of chronic CMV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical variants and immunologic features of rheumatoid uveitis in children of different age].

Variability of clinical manifestations of rheumatoid uveitis, possibility of an atypical course (peripheral or panuveitis), and greater severity and specific features of the disease in case of its early (before the age of 3 years) manifestation are demonstrated on the basis of observations of 79 patients with rheumatoid uveitis. Despite systemic therapy with corticosteroids and cytostatics, no manifest post-steroid immunodeficiency was observed. Moderately expressed gammapathies were detected in 60% cases; hypoimmune states predominated, which were more often detected in children aged under 6 years. No cases of pronounced suppression of functional activity of lymphocytes were observed. Humoral and cellular response to persistent ophthalmotropic infections were observed more rarely than in children with uveitis of other etiology. Positive rheumatoid factor was detected in 9% cases, antinuclear antibodies in 60%. Antibodies to DNA were detected in the sera of 10% examinees, to native and denatured DNA in the lacrimal fluid of 21.2 and 16.7%, respectively. The causes of absence of obvious post-steroid immunodeficiency and relatively low rate of interorgan autosensitization in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and uveitis are discussed. Further investigation of clinical and immunological correlations are needed for improving the prediction of the course of rheumatoid uveitis and development of treatment strategy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental study of the effectiveness of the use of imunofan in the treatment of viral diseases of the eye].

The efficiency of local therapy of ocular inflammations with a new drug immunophane was evaluated in experiments. Ophthalmological and morphological methods were used in the study. Experiments on 30 Wistar rats (60 eyes) demonstrated the absence of toxic effect on intact ocular tissues. Therapeutic efficiency of immunophane was demonstrated in 13 rabbits (26 eyes) with ophthalmic herpes. The advantages of subconjunctival injections of immunophane in comparison with instillations of leukocytic interferon are demonstrated.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunoenzyme analysis in the diagnosis of ophthalmic toxoplasmosis].

Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is a highly sensitive and specific method whose sensitivity is superior to that of the fluorescent antibody test. EIA helped detect IgG antibodies to Toxoplasma in almost 30% of examined adults and children with various ocular diseases, this indicating a high Toxoplasma infection rate in the population. IgM antibodies (indicating an acute infection) were detected in only three children, and Toxoplasma was not the agent of uveitis in these patients. It may be supposed that primary Toxoplasma infection takes place in utero, or the eye is involved long after the primary infection. Bearing this in mind, the authors recommend screening for IgM antibodies in infants aged under 6 months if congenital or acquired Toxoplasma uveitis is suspected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reactivation of persistent herpes virus infection as a factor of endogenous uveitis in children].

Two hundred and fifty-five children with endogenous uveitis, aged 2 months to 15 years, were examined. 73-93% of children were chronically infected by different viruses of the human herpes group; mycoplasmal past-infection was detected in only 13% of them and Chlamydia past-infection _ in 3.7% of them. Herpes simplex virus of type 1 reactivated reliably more often versus other types of Herpesviridae. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection prevailed in mothers who gave birth to children with intrauterine uveitis. A prolonged active replication of herpes virus was primarily observed in children with a Suppressed cell antiviral immunity component. Uveitis in such children was notable for a severe clinical course and trend towards often relapses.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Features of the course of adenovirus keratoconjunctivitis].

The authors analyze the features of the course of a keratoconjunctivitis outbreak. Adenoviral serotype 8 has been identified as the etiologic agent of this outbreak. Since ophthalmologic patients form the group of risk in respect of contracting this disease, the authors have developed a complex of treatment-and-prophylaxis measures, bases on clinicoepidemiologic and laboratory findings in these patients; accurate realization of these measures has helped liquidate the outbreak in 2-4 weeks.

Adenoviridae Infections↗