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G Illyés

Publications and source records attributed to G Illyés.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Hypercalcitoninemia in a patient with a recurrent goitre and insulinoma: a case report.

Serum calcitonin has become a very sensitive and specific marker for medullary thyroid carcinoma that should be determined in patients with nodular thyroid disease. However, a few earlier reports indicated that tumors other than medullary thyroid carcinoma including insulinomas arising from pancreatic islet cells may also produce calcitonin. Of the few cases of calcitonin-producing insulinomas previously reported, most had incomplete data or lack of documentation of the association between raised serum calcitonin concentration and immunohistochemical detection of calcitonin in pancreatic islet cell tumors. In this paper we are reporting a 54-year-old woman with a history of partial thyroidectomy for multinodular goitre at the age of 50 yrs, she was evaluated for a 2-months history of fasting hypoglycemia (plasma glucose 1.9 mmol/L during a supervised fast), raised serum insulin (at the time of hypoglycemia 88.8 microU/ml; normal, 5 - 35 microU/ml) and C-peptide levels (at the time of hypoglycemia 6.1 ng/ml; normal, 1.37 - 3.51 ng/ml), markedly increased serum calcitonin concentration (481 pg/ml; normal, < 9.9 pg/ml), and an enlarged residual thyroid gland. Aspiration biopsy of the thyroid was negative for parafollicular C-cell hyperplasia or medullary thyroid carcinoma. Abdominal ultrasound and CT scan revealed a tumor in the head of the pancreas, which was surgically removed. Histopathological evaluation of the pancreatic tumor showed typical features of a neuroendocrine neoplasm with strong immunostaining for both insulin and calcitonin. After removal of the pancreatic tumor, clinical symptoms resolved and biochemical markers normalized (serum insulin, 14.9 microU/ml; C-peptide, 3.0 ng/ml; calcitonin, 2.9 pg/ml) confirming the causal relationship between insulinoma and markedly increased serum calcitonin levels.

Calcitonin↗
PubMed2001

[Acute pancreatitis with few symptoms and extensive necrosis].

The authors present a particular case of an acute pancreatitis. The disease developed in a young male patient following cholelithiasis and cholecystectomy. The inflammation affected the outer layers of the pancreas as a mantle and it caused widespread fat necrosis. Necrectomy for septic state was conducted to improve the condition, but the patient died of pulmonary embolism. Unexpectedly big necrotic areas of fat necrosis and abscess were found at autopsy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

Connexin 43 expression in rat aortic smooth muscle after ovariectomy and hormonal replacement.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ovariectomy and long-term combined sexual hormone replacement on the gap junctional protein, connexin 43 (Cx43) of aortic medial smooth muscle cells in rats. Twenty non-pregnant mature Wistar female rats were divided into five groups (four animals in each group). Group A underwent ovariectomy, Group B underwent ovariectomy and received estradiol propionate, Group C underwent ovariectomy and received medroxyprogesterone acetate and Group D underwent ovariectomy and received both hormones. Group E was sham-operated and used as control. After 15 weeks of treatment, thoracic aortas were removed and immunohistochemistry was carried out using a specific fluorescent antibody against Cx43. Tissue sections were examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy and analysed by the Scion Image program. All five different groups had the same distribution and extent of Cx43 in the aorta. Neither the ovariectomy nor the hormone replacement had any effect on the Cx43 expression of aortic smooth muscle cells in rats as compared to control animals. These results indicate that sexual steroids do not influence the gap junctional protein Cx43 of the medial layer of aorta in rats. They may suggest that the beneficial effects of estrogen are not mediated via gap junctions in the human aorta either.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Lansoprazole versus ranitidine bismuth citrate containing triple regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with duodenal ulcer].

The aim of this study was to compare in an open, controlled and prospective trial the efficacy of one-week regimen using either lansoprazole (2 x 30 mg) + 2 x 500 mg metronidazole + 2 x 250 mg clarithromycin (group I, 60 cases) or ranitidine bismuth citrate (2 x 400 mg) + 2 x 500 mg metronidazole + 2 x 250 mg clarithromycin (group II, 61 cases) on the eradication of Hp infection in duodenal ulcer patients. The diagnosis was stated endoscopically. Hp infection was confirmed from 2 antral + 2 corporeal biopsies by the modified Giemsa stain and rapid urease test. After eradication the patients were given on-demand treatment with 30 mg lansoprazole (group I) or 2 x 150 mg ranitidine (group II). Control 13C-urea breath test was performed 4-6 weeks after eradication. On intention to treat basis, Hp was eradicated in 78.3% (confidence interval, CI: 67.6-89.1%) in group I and 78.7% (CI: 68.1-89.2%) in group II (p > 0.05). Per protocol eradication rates were 92.1% (CI: 84.5-99.7%) in group I and 90.5 (CI: 82.4-98.6%) in group II (p > 0.05). Side effects were recorded in 13.5% in group I and 18.3% of cases in group II. Short term triple therapies using either lansoprazole or ranitidine bismuth citrate + 2 antimicrobials were effective and safe in the eradication of Hp in duodenal ulcer patients.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1999

[Detection of antibodies against pancreatic islet cells in clinical practice].

Development of diabetes mellitus caused by pancreatic beta-cell destruction of autoimmune origin is the result of a long lasting process. The most easily examinable feature of this stage is the occurrence of the islet cell antibodies. The sera which are positive for islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies (ICA), examined by indirect immunofluorescence, contain a mixture of antibodies. The glutamic acid decarbocylase (GAD), the tyrosin phosphatase (IA2), the insulin, and the GM2-1 glycolipid can be the targets of these antibodies. One can routinely examine the ICA, the GADA, the IA2 antibodies. The detection of antibodies against insulin (IAA) and GM-2-1 glycolipid is not invented in the routine laboratory work. The aim of the authors was the evaluation of clinical significance of occurrence of islet cell antibodies: one hundred and eighteen nondiabetic children an adult human being without known diabetic first degree relatives and 366 type 1 diabetic children and adult patients served as controls. The authors evaluated the predictive value of the different islet cell antibodies to the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus in 596 nondiabetic children with type 1 diabetic first degree relatives. The authors looked for markers of beta-cell destruction among sera of 320 diabetics manifested after 30 years of age with at least half a year of non-insulin-dependency and in the sera of 68 females suffered from gestational diabetes after 0-14 years of the index pregnancy. Finally the authors report 7 cases in which the examination of islet cell antibodies helped the diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Indirect immunofluorescence method was used for the detection of ICA, radioimmunoassay for that of GADA and IA2 antibodies. There was no positive reaction for ICA and GADA in the nondiabetic population without diabetic first degree relatives. Among the freshly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children 39% were positive for only ICA, 44% for only GADA and 80% for any antibodies. Among the freshly manifested type 1 diabetic adults ICA positivity only was observed in 21%, GADA positivity only in 7.1% and 93% for any antibodies. From the 595 nondiabetic children with type 1 diabetic first degree relatives 23 were positive for ICA, from whom 5 became diabetic during a two years observation period. These diabetic children had multiplex autoantibodies besides ICA. One child from this group, who was negative for ICA became diabetic, too. Among type 2 diabetic patients 13% were positive for ICA alone, 17% were positive for GADA alone and 27% were positive for any antibodies. The insulin dependency manifested in a short time was associated with antibody positivity. Among the gestational diabetics 10 were found positive for ICA. From them, 7 were type 1 diabetics, and 3 were type 2 diabetics at the time of the detection of antibodies. The authors suggest the need of determination of islet cell antibodies in the group of nondiabetic first degree relatives of type 1 diabetic patients (ICA, GADA, IA2 and IAA), in the group of non-insulin-dependent diabetics (ICA and GADA) as a screening for later insulin dependency, and in gestational diabetes after delivery (ICA) as screening for type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

World Health organization (WHO) and the World Heart Federation (WHF) pathobiological determinants of atherosclerosis in youth study (WHO/WHF PBDAY Study) 1986-1996. Histomorphometry and histochemistry of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries and the aorta in a young population.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The present work is a chapter in an investigation directed by the World Health Organization on the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis In Youth (WHO-PBDAY). Our aim was to study the development of atherosclerotic lesions in a young population. METHODS AND RESULTS: Samples of left anterior descending coronary artery (LDC) and thoracic (TA) and abdominal aorta (AA) from five Collaborating Centres (Budapest/Hungary, Havana/Cuba, Heidelberg/Germany, Mexico City/Mexico, Peradeniya/Sri Lanka) of 214 subjects who died aged 15 and 34 were analysed at the Budapest Reference Centre. Slides stained with haematoxylin-eosin and with stains for extracellular matrix were quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated. Mean intima/media (I/M) ratio and the prevalence of type III-IV lesions (preatheroma; atheroma; calcified and fibrous atheroma) were determined and compared in different risk factor (high blood pressure, smoking) groups. High I/M ratio was found in the LDC and type III-IV lesions were frequently found both in the LDC and in the AA. I/M ratio and the occurrence of type III-IV lesions increased in all arteries by age. Atherosclerotic lesions in men were more severe, particularly in the LDC. Geographic origin had a limited effect on the histologic lesion parameters. Appearance of type III-IV lesions was associated with substantially different extracellular matrix changes. Myoelastic layer formation was found in each artery in both early and type III-IV lesions. Hypertension was associated with higher prevalence of type III-IV lesions in all arteries, in particular, in the TA; smoking showed a significant effect on the AA only. CONCLUSIONS: Atherosclerotic lesions were found in many of these young subjects. The effect of hypertension and smoking on their development suggests that control of risk factors, beginning in early adolescence, could help to prevent cardiovascular diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The functional and morphological damage of ischemic reperfused skeletal muscle.

Skeletal muscle is frequently damaged by ischemia-reperfusion both caused by direct injury and also by surgery. The purpose of the present experiments was to examine how the different types of skeletal muscles (fast and slow) react functionally and morphologically after 1 and 2 h of ischemia followed by different periods of reperfusion. The fast-twitch (musculus extensor digitorum longus, EDL) and the slow-twitch (musculus soleus, SOL) muscle of Wistar rats were prepared. They were stimulated in vivo, either directly or indirectly at different reperfusion times following tourniquet ischemia, and the contraction force of the muscles was recorded. The morphological changes were examined by light microscopy. At early reperfusion times, the contraction force of the EDL muscle was reduced by 40 and 90% after 1 and 2 h of ischemia, respectively. The contraction force was about 50% at the end of a 2-week reperfusion period in the 1-hour ischemia group and it increased significantly (from 5 to 38%) during the second week if the ischemia lasted for 2 h. Reduction of contraction force in the SOL muscle was over 50 and 90% following 1 and 2 h of ischemia, respectively, and it started to improve from the 2nd week. Morphological changes of the two types of muscle were identical. At early reperfusion times granulocytes were seen in the blood vessels adhering to the endothelium. 24 h later neutrophil granulocytes migrated into the endomysium and thereafter into the perimysium. One week after 1 h of ischemia both muscles showed normal histology. However, the structural regeneration process only started at the end of the 1st week of reperfusion after 2 h of the ischemic damage. The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) There is functional morphological evidence of ischemic and reperfusion injury in both muscles after 24 h and also after 1 week of reperfusion. (2) Functionally, the two types of muscles regenerate differently, i.e. the SOL starts to regenerate earlier than the EDL. (3) Morphologically the two types of muscle show the same reactions. An increase in the time of ischemia from 1 to 2 h delays the regeneration processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Neonatal primary hyperparathyroidism].

The authors report on a case of severe primary hyperparathyroidism with clinical signs from birth. The boy was admitted because of poor somatomental development, hypotony, hepatosplenomegaly and osseous abnormalities, resembling those of rachitis. Laboratory data showed the typical findings of primary hyperparathyroidism. The authors performed parathyroidectomy with simultaneous heterotopic parathyroid tissue autotransplantation. Histology revealed parathyroid chief cell hyperplasia. Because of the hypercalcaemia and clinical signs persisting after the operation they removed the parathyroid autografts. Since this later was ineffective they performed a left sided neck dissection on the side of the excessive parathormone production. The child became hypocalcaemic necessitating calcium and vitamin D administration. He is now 17 months after the last operation. His somatomental development is accelerated. In connection with the case the authors surveyed the literature of this rare entity.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Sequence of morphological alterations in a small intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion model of the anesthetized rat. A light microscopy study.

Previous studies have shown serious mucosal damage and destruction to be associated with intestinal ischaemia/reperfusion. As both destruction and concomitant regeneration can be observed together in this potentially lethal condition we have studied the development and sequence of events by evaluating morphological changes of the small intestine in an ischaemia/reperfusion model in anaesthetized rats. Forty-five minutes of ischaemia was followed by 4 hours of reperfusion. Tissue samples of the small intestine were examined by light microscopy in normal and semithin sections. Samples were collected at the end of ischaemia, at 10 min, and at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours of reperfusion, respectively. Survival was assessed in a parallel group of anaesthetized rats. The morphological changes were described and they were analysed by a semi-quantitative method using five different markers of histological alteration. The mortality rate of a control survival group was 100%. Mucosal destruction at the end of ischaemia and during reperfusion was diffuse and steadily increased as a function of reperfusion time. At the same time the epithelium showed intensive regenerative growth which covered the denuded mucosal surface by the third hour of reperfusion. A secondary epithelial desquamation followed this process and was accompanied by heavy inflammatory cell infiltration. The infiltration may be the cause of the secondary epithelial injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Pathology of the collagen framework of the myocardium].

The myocardial collagen matrix was studied in three groups of patients. The first group consisted of nine patients who had an isolated degradating damage of the collagen framework. In the second group the myocardial fibrillary matrix was examined in different cardiopathies. The author concluded that the collagen framework had degradated in the places of necroses and amyloid depositions, and it was bulky corresponding to fibrosis. Three persons who died suddenly in brain damages served as a control group. Integrity of the collagen matrix has an important role in the myocardial function, its desintegration--unrelated to myofiber necrosis--causes cardiac insufficiency.

Cardiomyopathies↗
PubMed1991

[Heart damage associated with cerebrovascular accidents].

The authors present a clinico-pathological study on 21 patients who died in acute cerebrovascular diseases. The main myocardial lesions were focal hemorrhages, contraction band necroses and myocarditis. The ECG abnormalities and the pathogenesis of the cardiopathy are discussed on the basis of their investigations and dates of references. Their conclusions is that the heart damages are modulated by catecholamines. The occurrence of this cardiopathy should be prevented by beta-blockers, so the life-expectancy of patients and the number of heart donors could increase.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Myocardial collagen degradation: morphological and biochemical correlation.

An attempt was made to prove the phenomenon of myocardial collagen breakdown in a norepinephrine (NE) induced model of reversible cardiopathy in anesthetized rabbits. NE (0.3 mg/kg in 90 min) was infused to 22 animals. Histologically it was found that immediately and during the first two days after the catecholamine administration the myocardial collagenous network became disrupted and it partly disappeared. Collagenase and peptidase activities were measured from homogenates of the same hearts. A significant increase of these activities was observed and that could be correlated with the intracellular matrix destruction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Myocardial calcification in chronic renal failure].

The authors present the case of a young man who--as a consequence of chronic renal failure and long-term dialysis--developed a calcific cardiopathy. The myocardial calcification was proved histologically by light microscopy. They established that the calcification started in damaged myofibers and was principally caused by the secondary parathyroid hyperfunction. The diagnosis and therapy of the myocardial calcification is discussed on the basis of references. The prevention of this complication may improve the life-expectancy of patients treated by chronic dialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Mast cells in ulcerative colitis. Quantitative and ultrastructural studies.

The changes in the number and ultrastructure of mast cells were studied in 37 colonoscopical biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis. Changes in the active stage of the disease and during remission were compared. Cell counts were performed on semithin sections stained with Giemsa after osmium tetroxide fixation. This method overcome the uncertain staining found after formalin fixation. Accumulation of mast cells accompanied by intense degranulation was found to be significant in the active stage of the disease. Two forms of degranulation were observed: discharge of the individual granules and protrusion and detachment of the cytoplasmic processes containing granules. The latter was a sign of rapid degranulation, as described earlier in animal experiments. Mast cells were closely associated with capillary blood vessels, Schwann cells, neural fibres, myofibroblasts and collagenous fibres, and were also present between epithelial cells. It is assumed that close topographic contact may also imply a functional correlation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mast cells in ulcerative colitis].

Authors have studied the changes in number and electronmicroscopic appearances of mast cells in the mucosa of large intestine of patients suffering from colitis ulcerosa either in its active or remission period. Counting of cells was performed in osmium-fixed, semithin, Giemsa-stained sections to avoid variations in staining due to formaldehyde. In the active stage of the disease the increase in number of mast cells was significant. Their pronounced degranulation was evident in both semi- and ultrathin preparations. Two forms of degranulation were distinguished: 1. by the release of granules; 2. by the extrusion of whole cytoplasmic areas. The latter indicated fast degranulation, in accordance with observations in animal experiments. Mast cells became closely related to the capillaries, Schwann-cells and nerve fibres of the lamina propria, with myofibroblasts and collagenous fibres. At some places they were found between the epithelial cells of Lieberkühn's crypts. It is assumed that this close topographical correlation represents also functional connections. The present morphological findings corroborate current hypotheses and suggest that the increase in number of mast cells in the active stage of coliitis ulcerosa mediates an hyperergic reaction.

Colitis, Ulcerative↗