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Biomedical subjects

G Imre

Publications and source records attributed to G Imre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

The modulatory effect of estrogen on the neuronal activity in the barrel cortex of the rat. An electrophysiological study.

In acute experiments, the effects of iontophoretically applied 17 beta-estradiol hemisuccinate on the activity of the primary somatosensory cortical neurons were studied in ovariectomized rats by extracellular single-unit recording. 17 beta-Estradiol increased both the spontaneous and the vibrissa deflection-evoked responses, with an average latency of 24 min. It is suggested that this relatively long latency of the 17 beta-estradiol effect is based not so much on membrane mechanisms as on genomic mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Use of antibiotics at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Debrecen Medical University in the last 10 years (1989-1998)].

Just like in other areas of the medical science antibiotics are widely used in oral surgery, too. The aim of the present study is to give a retrospective survey of the use of antibiotics between the years 1989-1998 in the Section of Oral surgery of the Stomatological Department of the Medical and Health Science Centre of Debrecen University. Examined in the study was the antibiotic therapy of patients admitted to the ward, since that was accessible for follow-up unequivocally. The data were obtained from the case records. The study involves the number of antibiotically treated patients in relation to the total number of patients, the age dependence, the length of the treatment and that of the febrile condition. Also examined were the antibiotics chosen, the frequency and results of cultures, in the case of hypersensitivity, the application of alternative drugs. In a final summary, all these were broken down to years and the most frequent diseases. The most frequent disorders involved in the study were: fractures, abscess, cysts, periostitis, antroalveolar fistula--chronic sinusitis. On examining the quantitative parameters of use, it was found that use decreased as a whole and in its proportions, but there was a continuous increase in the number of patients in the course of the years. In the case of the fractures the duration of treatment decreased in the course of the years (from 9 to ca. 6 days). The antibiotic first administered was penicillin, whereas in 1998 the most frequently used drug was a broad-spectrum penicillin derivative (Augmentin) combined with a lactamase inhibitor. In the treatment of abscesses the most effective drug was Amoxycillin (length of treatment ca. 3 days, 1-day febrile condition). The days of treatment decreased with cysts, too, (from 15 days to 5). In their therapy., after the prevalence of Amoxycillin, Augmentin won the first place. The drugs of choice were Augmentin and Ampicillin in periostitis, too (secondary choice were cephalosporins). With antroalveolar fistulas the choice was similar (Augmentin, Aktil). One must take into consideration that added to the total consumption in the last years, were the antibiotic drugs applied for systemic surgical prophylaxis. In view of the prescription of antibacterial drugs used in oral surgery we can see quantitative and qualitative changes can be observed in the period under study.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1999

[A brief review of recent achievements concerning biochemistry and physiology of prostaglandins in the eye].

Two prostaglandin molecules have important physiological and pathophysiological role in the tissues of the eye. Prostaglandin F2 alpha takes part in mediating intraocular pressure, prostaglandin E2 is the mediator of inflammation. In case of increased intraocular pressure, latanoprost a derivative of prostaglandin F2 alpha can be applied. Numerous data are available on the favourable intraocular pressure lowering effect of latanoprost. It can be applied as a single hypotensive or it can be combined with eye-drops currently used in glaucoma. It exerts its therapeutic effect by increasing uveoscleral outflow. Inflammation in the eye can be diminished by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs similarly to inflammations in other tissues of the organism. Literature on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is enormous. Molecules of different structures inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins. Primarily they are useful anti-inflammatory agents, reduce intraocular pressure in secundary glaucoma, inhibit intraocular miosis and prevent development of cystoid macula oedema. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs do not exert their effects on prostaglandins themselves, but inhibit their synthesis. Hence the use of both, latanoprost and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs simultaneously, improves safety of therapy in case of patients prone to uveitis.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1999

[Red eye].

Author summarizes the causes of red eye: conjunctival hemorrhages and hyperemia of the eye, pointing out in which cases of red eye the patient should refer to an ophthalmologist and in which case can be treated by a non-ophthalmologist and by which drugs.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed1994

[Indosol--a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with therapeutic efficacy].

For the topical employing of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, some technological problems are to be solved. These were accomplished by the authors by preparing Indosol [indomethacin-TRIS (tromethamine) salt]. pH and osmotic pressure of Indosol eye-drops are similar to that of the tear fluid. The Indosol eye-drops have a great therapeutic efficacy. Indosol eye-drops do not alter tear film break up time (BUT) and do not inhibit reepithelization of the cornea. Indosol eye-drops proved to be useful in the treatment of the anterior segment and the uvea. The most important use is the pre- and post-treatment in intraocular surgery. Indosol eye-drops contribute to the safety of lens-extraction and lens implantation. The great bioavailability was also shown by the high indomethacin level of the aqueous humor after instillation Indosol eye-drops. It does not cause any deleterious side-effects even in long term treatments.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed1989

[Resorption and postoperative anti-inflammatory effect of soluble indomethacin eyedrops].

Absorption of the 0.3% Indomethacin-soluble ophthalmic solution produced in the 2nd Department of Ophthalmology in Budapest is more rapid and reaches a higher concentration in the aqueous humour than 0.5% Indomelol or 1.0% Indoptol ophthalmic solution. This fact was demonstrated in human aqueous humour, too, taken from the eye 1 h after administration of the drops at the beginning of the cataract operation. The Indomethacin-soluble eye drops are especially effective in preventing a postoperative increase in the intraocular pressure as a result of inflammation. On the first postoperative day following the cataract operation a 26.2% increase in the intraocular pressure in was found in the patients. In eyes treated with Indomethacin this number was 14.0%. The difference is significant (p = 0.04).

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Cryocoagulation in retinopathy of prematurity].

Transconjunctival cryocoagulation was performed on 38 eyes of 21 premature infants. The eyes were in stages 2-4 of retinopathy of prematurity. In stage 2 cryocoagulation was performed only if there were hemorrhages and/or a dilatation of the retinal vessels or (once) a rubeosis iridis. Cryocoagulation in stage 2, often considered superfluous, was effective in every case, but in stage 3 it was ineffective in many cases.

Cryosurgery↗
PubMed1986

[Early and late complications in cataract extraction in diabetic patients].

Between 1982 and 1985, cataract extraction was performed on 144 eyes of 122 diabetics, and the early and late complications of the operation were recorded. There was seldom any intraoperative hemorrhaging or any postoperative anterior chamber hemorrhaging. On the first day after the operation, increased IOP was measured more frequently in diabetic patients than in those without diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy deteriorated in 12 eyes, while hemorrhaging glaucomas occurred in 5 eyes.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1985

The effect of ocular pigmentation on intraocular pressure response to timolol.

The one-hour intraocular pressure (IOP) response to topical ocularly applied timolol was studied in darkly and lightly pigmented eyes. One drop of 0.25% 1-timolol was applied to one eye of ten subjects with brown and ten subjects with blue iris color. In the treated and untreated eyes with blue iris color the IOP fell significantly from the baseline value, whereas no pressure reduction was obtained either in the treated or untreated eyes with brown iris color. Beta-blocking agents are known to accumulate in pigment-containing ocular structures. The lack of a one-hour pressure response to timolol in darkly pigmented eyes observed in our study may refer to the reduction of 1-timolol in the biophase due to excessive pigment binding.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The role of increased lactic acid concentration in neovascularizations.

The important role of a prolonged increase in lactic acid concentration in the mechanism of neovascularization has been shown by the facts as follows. The lactic acid concentration is increased in vascularizing tissues. Increasing the lactic acid concentration of avascular tissues by lactic acid injections leads to vascularization. L-Lactate induces more intensive corneal vascularization than the D-lactate foreign to the organism. The lactic acid concentration of the cornea is low in cases of avascular swelling. Lactic acid promotes the proliferation of other mesenchymal cells as well. A prolonged increase in lactic acid concentration seems to be the most important condition for neovascularization. This is promoted by increased anaerobic or aerobic glycolysis and drainage difficulties of metabolites. Such an affected tissue fails to vascularize only if its compactness acts as a mechanical barrier to vessel growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Results of prophylactic iridectomy].

Between 1974 and 1981 263 patients were treated for acute narrow-angle glaucoma; in 117 of these cases a prophylactic iridectomy was performed on the fellow eye. In two cases there were surgical complications. In none of the 52 patients followed up for at least two years did narrow-angle glaucoma recur. The formation or progression of lens opacities were attributable not to the iridectomy but to the age of the patients.

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1981

[Corneal edema in young glaucoma patients (author's transl)].

In 26 out of 32 eyes of young glaucoma patients the cornea was clear even where IOP was elevated. In six eyes the cornea was opaque, even where the pressure increase was only moderate. The difference in the aqueous production in the two groups (2.40 +/- 0.86 and 0.62 +/- 0.07 mm3/min) was significant (p 0.001). The corneal edema in the glaucomatous eyes was due to the effect of the high IOP disturbing endothelial function and the disturbance of corneal nutrition, which in turn was caused by the reduction in aqueous production.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Ophthalmodynomometry results in central serous retinopathy].

In nine out of 15 eyes with central serous retinopathy verified by fluoroangiography raised Pm. ophth. values were found. The average value of deviations obtained in these 15 eyes was significantly higher than in 30 controls. A possible correlation between central serous retinopathyl and increased peripheral cerebral flow resistance is discussed.

Humans↗