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Biomedical subjects

G J Allen

Publications and source records attributed to G J Allen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sonographic visualization of the ureter in pregnancy.

We describe a method of differentiating physiological from pathological dilatation of the renal collecting system in pregnant patients. In physiological hydronephrosis the dilated ureter extends down only to the level of the common iliac artery. In 2 patients with distal ureteral stones a dilated ureter was visualized past the vessels. To determine the frequency and reliability of visualizing the ureters in pregnant patients 105 consecutive asymptomatic pregnant patients were examined. Hydronephrosis was found in 83 kidneys in 59 of the patients. The dilated ureter was visualized in 64 of the renal units. The anatomy was well demonstrated by color flow Doppler scanning and in all of these cases the dilated ureter was seen to taper where it crossed the common iliac artery. These results suggest that the presence of a dilated ureter past the iliac artery is strong evidence for pathological distal ureteral obstruction in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Middle age male distance runners: physiological and psychological profiles.

This study investigated 4 research questions addressing exercise capabilities and psychological characteristics of middle-age (30 to 50 years) male runners. Subjects provided an extensive running history, completed the Multidimensional Anger Inventory, completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, and performed a treadmill running test to volitional exhaustion. Another aspect of the study compared anticipatory and posttest reactions to the treadmill test experience to actual test results. The findings suggest that these runners have common personality profiles, that long-term involvement in running and training is associated with a positive sense of self, and that lifelong aerobic exercise is associated with high cardiovascular fitness. Although the research design does not permit causal or predictive conclusions, the study provides valuable additional baseline information for physicians and fitness professionals who serve middle aged male runners.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Detection of posttransplant minimal disease chronic myelogenous leukemia by bcr rearrangement analysis.

Until recently, cytogenetic detection of the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) was the only reliable test to diagnose chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and detect minimal disease or early relapse following treatment. However, the recently developed ability to detect the Ph chromosome as a rearrangement in the bcr gene of chromosome 22 permits identification of the leukemic clone comprising as little as 5% of the cell population. We present results of simultaneous cytogenetic and DNA rearrangement studies in 28 CML patients considered for or treated with bone marrow transplantation. Our results show that the molecular method is significantly more sensitive than the cytogenetic method in the detection of minimal disease Ph-positive clones.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1989

Combined biopsy techniques: an approach to the diagnosis of prostatic malignancy.

We present our results of 3 biopsy techniques applied to each of 62 patients with clinically suspicious prostatic nodules. Transrectal digitally guided and sonographically guided transperineal fine needle aspiration biopsies were followed by digitally guided transperineal core biopsy in all cases. Adenocarcinoma was confirmed in 25 patients by 1 or more of these techniques. Our results indicated that 7 of 25 cancer cases (28 per cent) were detected by only 1 of 3 applied methods of biopsy and 56 per cent were detected by all 3 techniques. When a clinical suspicion of malignancy remains after a negative aspiration or core biopsy consideration should be given to alternative forms of biopsy to establish a diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Palpable prostatic nodules: comparison of US and digital guidance for fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of transrectal sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and to compare sonographic with digital guidance for biopsy. In 62 patients in whom prostatic carcinoma was suspected at digital rectal examination, fine-needle aspiration biopsies were performed transperineally under sonographic guidance and transrectally under digital guidance. These patients had 89 nodules, 73 of which were sampled with both techniques. Malignant cells were obtained under digital guidance in 17 of 73 nodules (23%) and under sonographic guidance in 16 (22%). An additional seven nodules, which were not seen sonographically, were sampled under digital guidance and proved to be negative. In nine other nodules that were nonpalpable and evident only with sonography, malignant cells were obtained under sonographic guidance in three. These findings indicate that sonographic guidance for fine-needle aspiration biopsy is as good as digital guidance for palpable lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Longitudinal stress fractures of the tibia: diagnosis with CT.

In most cases, the diagnosis of stress fracture is straightforward with a history of physical activity; characteristic pain in a specific site; and plain radiographs that show sclerosis, periosteal or endosteal reaction, no abnormalities, or, rarely, a fracture. However, when any of the features above are atypical, further study is warranted. Most stress fractures of the tibia are transverse or oblique and involve the mid or proximal shaft. Two cases are presented in which the fracture line was seen on computed tomography scans as coursing longitudinally down the shaft of the distal tibia, which, to my knowledge, is an orientation and location not previously described in the literature.

Cumulative Trauma Disorders↗
PubMed1986

Ring 21 chromosome: the mild end of the phenotypic spectrum.

The case is reported of a child with the karyotype 46,XY,r(21), who presented with linear growth retardation but who appears, at age 2 years 8 months, to be developing normally mentally. There is a small number of reports of mildly affected cases of r(21), and of some with an apparently completely normal phenotype. We presume a structural and functional cytogenetic heterogeneity underlies the observed phenotypic heterogeneity in the ring 21 spectrum.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) of hemodialysis access fistulae.

Hemodialysis access fistulae or grafts are subject to a variety of complications, including thrombosis, stenoses, and aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm formation. The usual radiologic methods to evaluate these problems consist of retrograde venous angiography or standard femoral or brachial arteriography. Both are invasive, and may traumatize the artery or graft. Six patients with internal blood access were studied using digital subtraction angiography; five using a central venous injection and one with direct graft injection. Preliminary results indicate that intravenous digital subtraction angiography (IV-DSA) can depict the anatomy of access fistula with adequate spatial resolution. Pathologic entities (stenoses, aneurysms) can be demonstrated, as well as other findings of uncertain clinical significance (kinks and webs). In addition, hemodynamic data can be inferred from the near-physiologic sequence of vessel opacification. Methods are in development that will allow determination of absolute blood flow in pertinent vessels via IV-DSA. There were no complications in this small series, and all examinations were performed on outpatients utilizing standard technique.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Husband involvement in the behavioral treatment of overweight women: initial effects and long-term follow-up.

This study investigated whether husband participation would augment the effectieness of the Sturart & Davis (1972) weight-reduction program for 37 obese women. Following a five-week baseline period, participants were taught behavioral weight-control techniques in eight 90-minute sessions over a 16-week period. Random assignment was made to conditions that required husbands to participate in all treatment sessions, the first four sessions, or not at all. Results indicated that although women in all three conditions lost significant amounts of weight and developed more adaptive eating habits, husband involvement fostered reliably greater weight loss, which was maintained through a six-week post-treatment assessment. Participant husbands became more accurate observers of changes in their wives' eating habits and were viewed as being more helpful than were noninvolved husbands. A three-year follow-up indicated that the wives had maintained their initial weight losses and reported changes in eating habits, while the effects engendered by husband involvement had dissipated.

Adult↗