Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G J Doyle.
We report a case of extensive craniocervical bone pneumatisation presenting after minor trauma. The patient had neurological signs and initial radiographs showed multiple lucencies in the skull base and the atlas vertebra. CT established the true nature of this rare condition.
The use of scanning in the prone position is described in the computed tomographic staging of oesophageal carcinoma. Examples are provided to illustrate how this technique may be of assistance in assessing local tumour invasion.
Two cases of localized unilateral increase in mammographic density are described in women who had commenced hormone replacement therapy (HRT) just before or within several weeks of their first normal screening mammogram. The increase in density at a subsequent screen required recall to an assessment clinic to exclude cancer in the affected breast. The relationship of HRT to mammographic density is discussed.
A case of a pyogenic liver abscess presenting as cellulitis of the anterior abdominal wall in a patient with myelodysplasia is reported. Ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) images are compared and the follow-up and treatment is discussed.
A new oral formulation of iopamidol, "Gastromiro", was evaluated as a bowel contrast agent during abdominal computed tomography (CT). Comparison was made with the well established agents sodium/meglumine diatrizoate ("Urografin 370") and dilute barium sulphate ("E-Z CAT") in a randomized, blind study of 150 consecutive patients undergoing abdominal and/or pelvic CT. Parameters assessed included quality of bowel opacification, artefact generation, contrast-medium palatibility, side effects and cost. No significant difference was found between the three contrast media in stomach- or small-bowel opacification. E-Z CAT was superior at opacifying the caecum/ascending colon. No compelling reason to choose a particular agent was found in the other assessed parameters, but cost is a significant factor.
This is an initial report on the development of screening tests for side effects of antitumor drugs, with small amounts of compound and short time intervals. These tests are based on acute dosing of mice and various blood or serum measurements: (a) total white blood cell count for leukopenia; (b) BUN for kidney toxicity; (c) SGPT for liver toxicity; and (d) creatine phosphokinase MB isozyme (CPK-MB) for cardiotoxicity. A correlation with the toxicity observed in other species is developed by establishing the effect of a prototype compound for each toxicity and tests of one or more compounds expected to lack such toxicity. On the basis of the limited number of compounds studied all four tests, although varying in sensitivity, seem to correlate with the results of tests in other species and with known effects in man. Final validation of these acute tests, especially the CPK-MB, will require both further study of histopathologic effects and correlation with results from clinical trials of an extended list of agents.
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