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Biomedical subjects

G Jimenez-Sanchez

Publications and source records attributed to G Jimenez-Sanchez.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Human disease genes.

The complete human genome sequence will facilitate the identification of all genes that contribute to disease. We propose that the functional classification of disease genes and their products will reveal general principles of human disease. We have determined functional categories for nearly 1,000 documented disease genes, and found striking correlations between the function of the gene product and features of disease, such as age of onset and mode of inheritance. As knowledge of disease genes grows, including those contributing to complex traits, more sophisticated analyses will be possible; their results will yield a deeper understanding of disease and an enhanced integration of medicine with biology.

Disease↗
PubMed1998

Expression of PEX11beta mediates peroxisome proliferation in the absence of extracellular stimuli.

Mammalian cells typically contain hundreds of peroxisomes but can increase peroxisome abundance further in response to extracellular stimuli. We report here the identification and characterization of two novel human peroxisomal membrane proteins, PEX11alpha and PEX11beta. Overexpression of the human PEX11beta gene alone was sufficient to induce peroxisome proliferation, demonstrating that proliferation can occur in the absence of extracellular stimuli and may be mediated by a single gene. Time course studies indicated that PEX11beta induces peroxisome proliferation through a multistep process involving peroxisome elongation and segregation of PEX11beta from other peroxisomal membrane proteins, followed by peroxisome division. Overexpression of PEX11alpha also induced peroxisome proliferation but at a much lower frequency than PEX11beta in our experimental system. The patterns of PEX11alpha and PEX11beta expression were examined in the rat, the animal in which peroxisome proliferation has been examined most extensively. Levels of PEX11beta mRNA were similar in all tissues examined and were unaffected by peroxisome-proliferating agents. Conversely, PEX11alpha mRNA levels varied widely among different tissues, were highest in tissues that are sensitive to peroxisome-proliferating agents, and were induced more than 10-fold in response to the peroxisome proliferators clofibrate and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Taken together, these data implicate PEX11beta in the constitutive control of peroxisome abundance and suggest that PEX11alpha may regulate peroxisome abundance in response to extracellular stimuli.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1998

Genomic organization of the 70-kDa peroxisomal membrane protein gene (PXMP1).

The 70-kDa peroxisomal membrane protein (PMP70) is a member of a family of half-ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins located in the human peroxisomal membrane. Other members include the PMP70-related peroxisomal membrane protein, the adrenoleukodystrophy protein (ALDP), and the adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein. The functions of ABC transporters in the peroxisomal membrane are poorly understood. Evidence from yeast and human mutants suggests that they are involved in the peroxisomal import of fatty acids and/or fatty acyl-CoAs into the organelle. We report the cloning and characterization of the human PMP70 structural gene (gene symbol: PXMP1) localized on human chromosome 1p21-p22. PXMP1 is approximately 65 kb in length, contains 23 exons, and is quite different in structure from the gene (ALD) that encodes the related protein, ALDP. We also analyzed the 5' flanking region of the human PXMP1 gene and the corresponding region of murine Pxmp-1. Both promoters have features of housekeeping genes, including a high GC content and multiple consensus Sp1 binding sequences. In more than 3 kb of Pxmp-1 5' flanking sequence we did not identify a consensus peroxisomal proliferator responsive element.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1998

Mutations in the Delta1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate dehydrogenase gene cause type II hyperprolinemia.

We surveyed Delta1-pyrroline 5-carboxylate dehydrogenase genes from four patients with hyperprolinemia type II using RT-PCR amplification, genomic PCR amplification and direct sequencing. We found four mutant alleles, two with frameshift mutations [A7fs(-1) and G521fs(+1)] and two with missense mutations (S352L and P16L). To test the functional consequences of three of these, we expressed them in a P5CDh-deficient strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae . In contrast to wild-type human P5CDh, yeast expressing S352L and G521fs(+1) failed to grow on proline and had no detectable P5CDh activity. The P16L allele, however, produced fully functional P5CDh and subsequent analysis suggests that it is polymorphic in the relevant (Spanish) population. Interestingly, the G521fs(+1) allele segregates in the large Irish Traveller pedigree used to define the HPII phenotype. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the molecular basis for this inborn error.

1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1997

Identification of a fourth half ABC transporter in the human peroxisomal membrane.

Three half ATP-binding cassette transporters (ALDP, ALDR, PMP70) are known to be present in the human peroxisome membrane. Mutations in the gene encoding ALDP cause X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy; the role of ALDR and PMP70 in human disease is unclear. We report the cloning and characterization of a fourth human gene encoding a peroxisomal half ABC transporter. The gene, designated P70R, maps to chromosome 14q24, encodes a 73 kDa transporter most similar to PMP70, and is expressed in all human tissues examined. Because half ABC transporters heterodimerize to form functional transporters, the identification of a fourth member of this family in the peroxisome membrane has implications for our understanding of mammalian peroxisomes and the genetic disorders of peroxisomal function.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1989

Serial trough and peak amikacin levels in plasma as predictors of nephrotoxicity.

We studied 113 patients treated with intravenous amikacin to determine the value of determining serial trough and peak amikacin levels in plasma for predicting nephrotoxicity. Thirteen patients (11.5%) developed renal toxicity, with significant increases from 48 to 96 h in both peak and trough amikacin levels (6.7 +/- 4.7 [standard deviation] days before the serum creatinine rose). The nontoxicity group had no change or even showed decrements in amikacin levels in plasma. A higher nephrotoxicity risk was seen in patients with increments greater than 1 microgram/ml between 48 and 96 h, with odds ratios of 16.4 for trough, 8 for peak, and 7.2 for both levels. We suggest that an increment of at least 1 microgram/ml in amikacin levels in plasma from 48 to 96 h may predict the appearance of renal toxicity.

Acute Kidney Injury↗