PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

G K van der Hem

Publications and source records attributed to G K van der Hem.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Treatment of moderate to severe hypertensive patients with an orally active converting-enzyme inhibitor.

Seventeen hypertensive patients were treated with captopril, an orally active inhibitor of converting-enzyme. All patients showed a fall in blood pressure (BP), although in some patients only after the addition of diuretics. In 2 patients a skin rash developed. One patient developed proteinuria. A renal biopsy revealed membranous glomerulopathy. Correlations were found between pretreatment plasma renin activity (PRA) and the decrease in BP, and between pretreatment PRA and the decrease in plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC). Filtration fraction (FF) fell, indicating a decrease in renal vascular resistance. Captopril decreased the sensitivity to exogenous angiotensin I (AI), dependent on the captopril dose used. The sensitivity to exogenous bradykinin increased impressively even on the lowest dose of the drug. These observations suggest extrapulmonary conversion of AI to angiotensin II (AII).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of the nephrotic syndrome with indomethacin.

In 25 patients with nephrotic syndromes of different origin, indomethacin caused an immediate decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary protein excretion. This effect of indomethacin on GFR and proteinuria was more pronounced when the renin-angiotensin system was stimulated by a low-sodium diet and 50 mg hydrochlorothiazide daily, and resulted in a significant rise in serum albumin. Withdrawal of indomethacin after 1--3 years of administration was followed by an increase in proteinuria to pretreatment levels in 9 out of 15 patients. A harmful renal effect of long-term indomethacin administration was found to be unlikely. The results suggest that the steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome can be treated symptomatically by indomethacin.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1978

Loss of amino acids during hemodialysis: quantitative and qualitative investigations.

In three patients the total amino acid losses (free plus peptide-bound) in dialyzate have been assayed by means of gas-liquid chromatography. During a period 3--4 months the average losses varied from 115--178 mg per kg of body weight per dialysis treatment. The weekly mean essential amino acid losses amounted to 3--4% of the dietary intake. The concentrations in the dialyzate of non-essential amino acid fell considerably during the dialysis procedure, whereas the concentrations of most of the essential amino acids remained at a fairly constant level. It is concluded that considerable quantitative but no qualitative differences exist between the patients with respect to amino acid losses.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

Nephroptosis and hypertension.

The degree of renal mobility was measured in patients with and without hypertension to evaluate a suggested causal relation between nephroptosis and hypertension. In contrast to men, women often showed pronounced renal mobility and the degree of renal mobility correlated positively with the blood-pressure. Fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal artery was always accompanied by a considerable degree of renal mobility on the side involved. The results of this study indicate that in women there may be an association between abnormal renal mobility and the development of high blood-pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Partial correction of hypertension by angiotensin II blockade in a patient with phaeochromocytoma.

This case report describes a patient with malignant hypertension and phaeochromocytoma in whom blockade of angiotensin II receptors by the competitive antagonist 1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II (Saralasin) resulted in a partial correction of the elevated BP. Plasma renin activity was high and rose further during the blockade. Competitive inhibition of angiotensin II by Saralasin does not abolish the pressor effect of catecholamines. It was therefore interesting to observe that in this patient with phaeochromocytoma, independently, both alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade and angiotensin II receptor blockade were effective in lowering BP.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Impaired lymphocyte function and neutrophil damage during the first hours of hemodialysis.

Tests of T lymphocyte function, as lymphocyte stimulation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), decreased during the first 2 hours of dialysis to approximately 20% of the predialysis value but returned to near normal within 4 hr. No change in the percentage of T cells was noted. Lymphocyte function in blood obtained from the arterial side fo the dialyzer 1 hour after the start of dialysis was better than that in blood from the venous side, though lower than before dialysis. Neutrophils in blood from the venous side of the dialyzer showed decreased density and decreased carbonyl iron phagocytosis. These changes were not found in blood from the arterial side of the dialyzer, suggesting that damaged neutrophils were retained in the patient. Neutrophil damage persisted during the first 4 hours of hemodialysis.

Antigens↗
PubMed1976

Hepatitis B surface antigen in environmental samples from hemodialysis units.

For assessment of environmental contamination with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag), the presence of blood and of HBS Ag was determined in samples from two completely separated hemodialysis units. Samples from mucosal and skin surfaces and samples of saliva from patients were also investigated. The surfaces of both units were divided into epidemiological categories to determine the distribution of environmental contamination with HBS Ag. HBS Ag was determined by radioimmunoassay. Oral samples from all patients seropositive for HBS Ag were psoitive for HBS Ag. The rectum and the skin were positive in three instances. The presence of blood did not coincide with HBS Ag. In the unit in which HBS Ag-positive patients were treated, 4.3% of the total samples were HBS Ag-positive. Of the samples that were free of blood, 1.5% were HBS Ag-positive, whereas 18.5% of the blood-contaminated samples contained the antigen. HBS Ag-positive samples were taken from surfaces in the immediate environment of HBS Ag-positive patients, as well as from surfaces with which patients had no direct physical contact. The data lead to the conclusion that spilled blood and hemodialysis equipment are not the only sources of contamination. This fact implies that HBS Ag-positive patient undergoing hemodialysis should be completely separated from HBS Ag-negative patients.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1976

The effect of indomethacin on kidney function and plasma renin activity in man.

125Iothalamate and 131I-hippuran clearances, sodium excretion and plasma renin activity (PRA) before and during indomethacin administration in an oral dose of 3 x 50 mg/day were studied in volunteers with a normal or reduced kidney function, as well on non-sodium-restricted as on sodium-restricted diet. Indomethacin induced a temporary sodium and water retention and a decrease in glomerular filtration rate. It also lowered PRA. The latter phenomenon did not depend on sodium retention and was present within 2 h after an oral dose of 50 mg. The results may be explained by indomethacin-induced inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

Glomerular Filtration Rate↗