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Biomedical subjects

G Kay

Publications and source records attributed to G Kay.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Hormonal changes associated with testicular atrophy and gynaecomastia in patients with leprosy.

Basal LH, FSH, 17 beta-oestradiol and testosterone and the gonadotrophin responses to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) were studied in male patients with leprosy (twenty-four with lepromatous and six with tuberculoid leprosy). The mean basal LH and FSH was significantly elevated in the lepromatous group and was associated with an excessive response of both gonadotrophins following LHRH administration. The mean basal testosterone and 17 beta-oestradiol values in the lepromatous group were significantly lower than those of the tuberculoid and control groups. The abnormal gonadotrophin and sex steroid values in the lepromatous group are in keeping with the testicular atrophy and gynaecomastia accompanying this form of leprosy. However, the lack of a significant correlation between basal FSH and testicular atrophy should be noted. In addition, no correlation between any of these hormonal values and gynaecomastia could be demonstrated. The patients with tuberculoid leprosy had essentially normal hormonal profiles (except for two who had raised 17 beta-oestradiol values). This is compatible with the lack of gonadal involvement in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the diagnosis of liver disease.

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes have been studied by acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis in 76 patients with liver disorders comprising 15 with an extrahepatic lesion, 53 with an intrahepatic lesion, and eight patients who had features of both intra- and extrahepatic disease. No intestinal band was found in the 15 cases of extrahepatic liver disease, in marked contrast to the patients with intrahepatic lesions in whom an intestinal band was found in 45% of cases. The intrahepatic group was heterogeneous, a high incidence of intestinal bands being found in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. It is concluded that where a raised serum alkaline phosphatase is found in a patient with jaundice, and a gut band is present on electrophoresis, the lesion is likely to be intrahepatic.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Pituitary-gonadal function in men with alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.

Fourteen adult males with alcoholic cirrhosis were studied. Gonadotrophin responses to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) and testosterone (T) responses to human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) were determined and basal 17 beta oestradiol (E2) levels were measured in each case. The mean basal luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and the mean LH and FSH responses to LRH were not significantly different from a group of age-matched male controls. However, the five men with testicular atrophy all had an elevated basal FSH level and an exaggerated FSH response to LRH. The mean serum T of the cirrhotic men was significantly lower than that of the controls (P less than 0.05), while the mean E2 level was not significantly different. However, the mean E2 level in the eight patients with gynaecomastia was significantly higher than in those without gynaecomastic (P less than 0.05). All patients had a T response to HCG, including those 5 with low basal T levels. A significant negative correlation was found between the maximum rise in T after HCG (delta T) and the maximum LH response to LRH (delta LH), suggesting a mediating effect of T reserve on the LH response to LRH. These findings tend to exclude a suppressive effect of alcohol on the pituitary gland as a cause for the hypogonadism found in men with alcoholic cirrhosis. Furthermore, the evidence of some testicular T reserve despite low basal T levels, and the presence of normal basal LH levels, suggests that the low T production is not primarily due to leydig cell dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in bone and liver disease.

Acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis provides a reliable and reasonably rapid method of differentiating the raised serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) of bone origin from that of liver origin. The technique has been placed for the first time on a semiquantitative basis. Measurement of both band width and band position effectively distinguishes the bone from the liver isoenzyme, but band width provides superior discrimination. An origin band was seen in none of the normal subjects and in only 7% of patients with bone disease but was present in 78% of patients with liver disease, a highly significant increase. Fifty percent of normal individuals had a small-intestinal band in serum taken two hours after a meal, as did 35% of patients with liver disease, but the incidence of intestinal bands in bone disease was only 11%, significantly less than in the other two groups. The genetic control of small-intestinal AP in serum has been confirmed, but it has been demonstrated that the decrease of intestinal AP in bone disorders is not genetically determined.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Monitoring central venous pressure: principles, procedures and problems.

When caring for patients with CVP lines, nursing assessments are aided by knowledge of the interdependence of physiological factors such as cardiovascular volume and flow, cardiac efficiency and central vein capacity. Comprehension of the underlying principles facilitates adaptation of the procedure to patient needs and to the available resources.

Central Venous Pressure↗
PubMed1975

The relative potency of the Crick-Harper-Raper unit and the GIH clinical unit of secretin.

A reinvestigation of the relationship between the Crick-Harper-Raper (CHR) and the GIH clinical units (CU) of secretin has been undertaken in anaesthetized cats with the knowledge that for some time before 1970 the CHR standard used by The Boots Company to assay secretin had lost some specific activity. One clinical unit of GIH secretin (batch no. 17421) is 3-8 times more potent than 1 Crick-Harper-Raper unit of restandardized Boots secretin (batch no. 142) in increasing the flow rate of pancreatic juice, and four times more potent in increasing the amount of bicarbonate.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Myotonia dystrophica: Studies on gonadal function using luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH).

Eight men and four women with myotonia dystrophica were investigated. The gonadotropin responses to 100 mug luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH) were studied, and serum testosterone assayed. In the men with testicular atrophy a high basal follicle stimulating hormone was found with an exaggerated response to LRH. Although the mean basal luteinizing hormone was not significantly elevated, there was an excessive response to LRH, which was possibly conditioned by the lower mean testoerone levels in this group. This study provides biochemical indices of both the primary nature of the testicular damage and the disproportionately greater involvement of the seminiferous tubules. The pituitary-gonadal axis was normal in the women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

The action of secretin and pancreozymin on small-intestinal alkaline phosphatase.

The hormones secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK) have been shown to release brush-border alkaline phosphatase into the small-intestinal lumen in the human subject. In contrast to the disaccharidases, large amounts of alkaline phosphatase are present in human duodenal juice. The range has been established in normal subjects. Following the intravenous administration of both secretin and CCK-pancreozymin there is a large rise in the output of alkaline phosphatase in human duodenal juice. These rises are also present in patients with complete obstruction of the common bile and pancreatic ducts, and since the pancreatic juice of man contains negligible amounts of alkaline phosphatase, it is clear that both hormones must cause small-intestinal alkaline phosphatase to be released into duodenal juice. The isoenzyme characteristics of bile, small-intestinal, and pancreatic alkaline phosphatase have been established, and isoenzyme studies used to confirm this new action of secretin and CCK-pancreozymin.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1972

Pancreatic alkaline phosphatase and a tumour variant.

Alkaline phosphatase has been extracted from human pancreas with n-butanol and has been shown to have distinctive isoenzyme characteristics when compared with the enzymes of small intestine and of normal serum. The enzyme has been demonstrated histochemically in a carcinoma of the pancreas and also in an islet cell tumour and the tumour enzyme has been shown to be unique, not only electrophoretically, but in being remarkably heat sensitive and in being activated by low molarities of urea.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1968

The preparation and kinetics of lactate dehydrogenase attached to water-insoluble particles and sheets.

1. The preparation of lactate dehydrogenase covalently attached to anion-exchange cellulose particles and sheets by use of a dichloro-sym-triazinyl dyestuff, Procion brilliant orange MGS, is described. 2. The stability and kinetic properties of these preparations were investigated. 3. An equation is derived to describe the change in concentration of a substrate when passed through a uniform bed of a substrate-inhibited enzyme. A number of theoretical curves are shown to illustrate the system. 4. A titrimetric assay for lactate dehydrogenase is described, and shown to be stoicheiometric over the range pH5.0-9.2. 5. The results are discussed in relation to previous work, and the effects of charged groups on the support, and of the diffusion film surrounding any particle in suspension, are treated qualitatively.

Cellulose↗