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Biomedical subjects

G Kienel

Publications and source records attributed to G Kienel.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Bioavailability of orally administered antibiotics: influences of food on resorption (author's transl)].

After the administration of a liquid suspension of Penicillin V-K, Epicillin, Cephalexin, Ampicillin, Pivampicillin and Amoxycillin on fasting and not fasting children, plasma levels and urine excretion of antibiotics were determined. A standard meal influences in Penicillin V-K and Ampicillin not only the maximum plasma levels, but also the absorbed amount of the drug. In Epicillin, Pivampicillin and Cephalexin we were not able to detect an influence of food on absorption. Amoxycillin doesn't seem to be impaired by food. However, the considerable individual differences could have its reasons in a number of other factors presently investigated.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1978

[Fosfomycin, a new antibiotic drug (author's transl)].

After i.v. injection of 25 mg/kh/BW and 50 mg/kg/BW to children age 5--6, no difference in the pharmakokinetic action can be found. The pattern of the plasma concentration allows the assumption of a 2 compartment model. There is a decrease of the plasma concentration in the steady state with a half life of 1,6 and 1,7 hours resp. The total volume of distribution is 30% of the body weight. Fosfomycin is eliminated by glomerular filtration only. The drug is not metabolished, as 98% and 95% of the dosage are recovered in active form in the urine. In premature and newborn babies there was a 1 compartment model assumed after i.v. administration of 25 mg/kg/BW. The distribution volumes with 41% of the body weight considerably greater then in older children. Elimination is again by glomerular filtration only. Plasma levels are decreasing considerably slower so that less of the drug is excreted in the 24-hour-urine. There is a sufficient penetration of the drug into the CSF. Bactericidal levels are reached within 48 hours by cumulation of the drug.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

[Bioavailability of new galenic preparations of cephalexin (author's transl)].

After the administration of 12.5 mg/kg Cephalexin as a single oral dose of Ospexin 250 and 375 sirup as well as Ospexin 500 Tbl. maximal plasma levels are reached in approximately 30 min. Within 6 hours the total administered amount of Cephalexin is excreted in biologically active form in the urine. The resorption is not influenced by food. The rapid and complete absorption shows that Cephalexin in this galenic form has an excellent bioavailability.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

[Comparison between the pharmacokinetics of epicillin and ampicillin (author's transl)].

To anesthetized rabbits 6-[D-2-amino-2-(cyclohexa-1,4-dienl-yl)-acetamido]-penicillanic acid (epicillin, Spectacillin) and ampicillin were administered i.v. at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, and up to 5 to 8 h thereafter the concentration was estimated in the plasma, urine and bile. Within 5 h, the blood levels took biexponential courses so that a two-compartment open model could be assumed. With epicillin all the different doses a more slowly decreasing tissue level and a higher total volume of distribution are obtained as well as a tissue volume of distribution higher than that with ampicillin. The clearance shows that both antibiotics are eliminated in the urine by glomerular filtration as well as tubular secretion and reabsorption. After 200 mg/kg of either antibiotic a three-compartment open model could be assumed, on the base of which only the volumes of distribution for epicillin could be completely determined. The total volume and the tissue volume of distribution are the same after each different dose of epicillin, whilst in the case of ampicillin both volumes are smaller and decrease with rising doses.

Ampicillin↗