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Biomedical subjects

G Klima

Publications and source records attributed to G Klima.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Volume replacement with 2 equivalent molecular weight dextrans: effect on erythrocyte elongation in vitro].

The influence of 2 dextranes with the identical molecular weight of 70,000 Dalton for erythrocytes' elongation was investigated in-vitro in 12 healthy male subjects. An increasing dosage between 0.5 and 10 mg/ml Dextran (trade name: Dextran 70 "Ebewe") and Dextran B (weight-equivalent) was added and the elongation index of erythrocytes at shear-rate 50/sec was determined under fluid conditions. Dextran B showed a stronger reduction of elongation index than Dextran A with an elevation of difference up to the highest dosage. The results show that although the molecular weight is identical, differences in hemorheological properties could observed. This should be taken into consideration for volume substitution therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anticardiolipin antibodies are no marker for survived myocardial infarction.

Antiphospholipid antibodies--both the lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies--are closely associated with arterial and venous thrombosis. In this prospective trial the IgM- and IgG-anticardiolipin antibodies in serum were determined in acute and chronic coronary artery disease. Seventy-four unselected males (34-87 years, mean 60) were included in the study. All patients underwent coronary angiography; infectious and autoimmune diseases were exclusion criteria. Sixteen patients had coronary artery disease (group A), 34 showed coronary stenoses with prior infarction (B), and 14 had survived an acute myocardial infarction (C), whereas 10 patients revealed no significant coronary narrowing (D; controls). The major risk factors were the same for all groups. Neither the IgM- nor the IgG-anticardiolipin antibody levels showed any significant difference in the four groups. The severity of coronary artery disease did not correlate to these antibodies. Furthermore, no correlation was found between elevated anticardiolipin antibodies and thrombocyte levels. Thus, a higher anticardiolipin level does not appear to be a marker for recurrent cardiovascular events.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Iodine supplementation in the province of Styria].

As far back as 1898 the Austrian Nobel price winner Wagner von Jauregg was the first to recommend iodination of salt as prophylaxis against endemic goitre (prevalence 48%) and cretinism (greater than 10%). In 1923 he achieved in a voluntary iodine supplementation of 5 mg KJ/kg table salt, which only lasted for a number of years. It was in 1963 when finally a mandatory iodized salt prophylaxis was introduced at the rate of 10 mg KJ/kg. In this study the effect of 25 years of iodine supplementation is investigated: Endemic cretinism, hypothyroidism, and goitre in newborns disappeared generally and endemic goitre in pupils was significantly reduced. However, due to epidemiological studies at elementary and secondary schools and army recruitment examinations we still found out endemic goitre grade I (according to WHO) mainly in female juveniles. Examinations were done by palpation, ultrasonography and urinary iodine excretion. In the above as well as in the urine of newborns and in mother's milk the iodine content was significantly lower than in iodine rich countries. Consequently a higher iodination of salt at the rate of 20 mg KJ/kg was recommended by the Austrian Society of Nuclear Medicine in 1985. This suggestion was taken up by the Austrian authorities and it will finally be instituted by law in May 1990 for the benefit of coming generations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Erythrocyte elongation with 10% dextran 40,000: comparison of 2 substances].

A dosage-effect-study with two 10% dextrans 40,000 was carried out in 12 venous blood samples of healthy men aged from 21 to 45 years. Dextran A (trade name: Dextran 40,000 "Ebewe") and Dextran B (trade name: "Rheomacrodex") were added in dosages of 0.5 to 10 mg/ml whole blood and the elongation-index of erythrocytes at shearrate 50/sec was determined. From 1 mg up to 10 mg/ml the elongation-index in Dextran B showed a stronger decrease than in Dextran A. Under the highest dosage the difference was about 20%. So it was possible to show that in spite of identical molecular weight there are different effects on deformability of erythrocytes. This should be taken into account for parenteral treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Altered distribution of MHC class II antigens on enterocytes during acute small bowel allograft rejection in rats.

Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen induction was investigated on enterocytes of heterotopic rat small bowel allografts in the Lewis-Brown Norway strain combination and on isografts in the Lewis-Lewis strain combination. Ia antigens were detected with monoclonal antibodies using an immunoperoxidase technique. Generally, MHC class II antigens were not exhibited in the isografted group, with the exception of two long-term isografts that presented the same pattern as normal small bowel. In these cases, Ia was expressed in a patchy distribution predominantly in the villi, and only very few enterocytes stained positive in Lieberkühn's crypts. Allografted rats showed a typical pattern of Ia expression on the enterocytes during the rejection course. The initial expression was confined to the crypts, indicating a very early stage of rejection when compared to histological findings. More advanced stages of rejection were accompanied by increasing Ia biosynthesis in the crypts and Ia expression by the epithelium lining the villi. Cyclosporin (CyA) was not able to fully inhibit MHC class II antigen expression; however, the appearance of Ia was delayed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Clinicopathological findings 11 months after implantation of a functioning aqueous-drainage silicone implant.

An aqueous-drainage silicone device was implanted in a 57-year-old diabetic patient with neovascular glaucoma after failure of conventional therapy. Postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was well controlled, ranging between 10 and 20 mm Hg without the use of supplemental agents. Despite the normal IOP, the eye became painful and amaurotic 11 months after implantation due to progression of the retinopathy accompanied by the development of severe tractional retinal detachment. Enucleation was performed and the eye underwent histopathological examination. The filtering bleb around the silicone plate of the implant on the equatorial sclera was lined with a thick layer of collagenous connective tissue. Numerous microcystic spaces could be seen in the bleb wall by light microscopy. Electron microscopy confirmed this finding; in addition, only a meshwork of collagen fibre-like bundles was visible at some areas of the innermost bleb wall. Control of IOP in spite of bleb fibrosis in this particular case may have been due to a loss of matrix components and to the formation of microcystic spaces in the bleb wall, which seem likely to be channels for the passage of aqueous humor.

Anterior Eye Segment↗
PubMed1990

The effect of D- versus L-propranolol in the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a difference in treatment of hyperthyroidism using either the D- or L-isomer of propranolol. Two groups of 20 patients with overt hyperthyroidism received either 120 mg L- or D-propranolol each for a period of 5 days. In the D-propranolol administered group there was a significant decrease in TT3 and fT3 plasma levels and in the ratio of TT3 to TT4; however, a significant increase occurred in rT3 values up to day 5. On the other hand, L-propranolol treatment resulted in a less pronounced decrease in TT4 and TT3 values, while all other thyroid hormone levels remained unchanged as, above all, did the T3/T4 ratio. The well known effect of D,L-propranolol upon peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 is thus not due to the beta-blocking action of L-propranolol but is mainly conditioned by the D-isomer which has no beta-blocking action itself.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Initial experience with a new blood pump].

A new type of blood pump was tested in calves for 6 hours. The pump consists of a rigid housing with a trochoidal internal surface, an inlet and outlet, and two lateral walls. A two-corner piston rotating on an eccentric shaft, describes a trochoidal path, thus creating a gap seal, the gap measuring a constant 10-35 microns. The pump is driven by a watercooled DC motor. For right ventricular assist, a cannula is inserted into the right ventricle through the right atrium, and into the left ventricle for left ventricular assists. From a total of 10 experiments, two left ventricular assists, two right ventricular assists, and three biventricular assists were evaluated. The pump produced a pulsatile flow of 31 at 70 rpm. Energy requirements were 2.19 watts for left, 2.06 for right, and 7.26 for biventricular assists. Plasma hemoglobin remained as low as 10 mg/dl during monoventricular, and increased during biventricular assists to 20 mg/dl after 3 hours, and returned to 16 mg/dl after 6 hours. From these preliminary results it is concluded that this new rotary blood pump may be suitable as a circulatory assist device.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of dextran 40,000 on collagen-induced platelet aggregation].

In blood samples of 12 healthy male volunteers under 50 years old the collagen induced platelet aggregation and the influence of a new 10% dextran 40.000 (Dextran Ebewe) was studied. Dextran was added to the samples with a concentration from 10 microliters up to 50 microliters/ml blood. In a concentration of 20 microliters/ml blood a significantly reduced collagen induced platelet aggregation was be observed. Higher dosages did not differ in a significant manner from this effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Permanent tracheostomy in rats].

For bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) after lung transplantation in the rat two different tubes for creation of a permanent tracheostoma were devised and tested. Typ I was of plastic material and required closure of the trachea oral of the tube thus excluding the upper respiratory tract for breathing. All these animals deprived of their sense of smell and direction died within 50 hours despite optimal husbandry. Typ II was a T-shaped metall tube allowing normal nasal breathing. This tube was well tolerated by the animals and facilitated repeated BAL. BAL on day 3 following tracheotomy with 5% lymphocytes, 2% polymorphonuclear leukocytes and 95% alveolar macrophages was considered to be normal when compared with human findings. An increase in polymorphonuclear leucocytes and epithelial cells together with bacteria on day 6 was believed to be due to tracheobronchitis. This assumption was supported by the fact, that both cell types and the number of bacteria significantly decreased 3 days later. A steady increase of lymphocytes seems to be associated with repeated BAL.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical significance of Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintigraphy as a parameter for surgical indication of cold struma nodules].

In a retrospective study Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintigraphy (method acco. to Ferlin et al.) was performed in addition to Tc-99m scintigraphy, sonography and fine needle puncture in 400 patients. Postoperative histological evidence was available of all patients (carcinomas [n = 31], follicular and oncocytic adenomas [n = 235], nodular hyperplasia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Riedel's struma and de Quervain's thyroiditis [n = 134]). With regard to possible malignancy the sensitivity, in case of positive Tl-201 uptake was 85%. As however, adenomas also have a high tendency towards isolated Tl-201 uptake, the specificity for malignant growth was 62%. Thus Tl-201/Tc-99m subtraction scintigraphy is well suited as a criterion to exclude thyroid carcinomas; on the other hand, a positive Tl-201 uptake is not a fail-safe indication of malignant processes. At best it suggests the occurrence of autonomous growth and can thus, in addition to sonography and fine needle biopsy, serve as an aid in the decision as to whether surgical intervention is indicated.

Adenocarcinoma↗