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Biomedical subjects

G L Caldow

Publications and source records attributed to G L Caldow.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Urea poisoning in suckler cows.

Accidental urea intoxication resulted in the death of 17 of 29 suckler cows within six hours after the contamination of their drinking water with urea fertiliser. The other cows showed no lasting ill effects and neither their three-month-old calves nor the stock bull were affected. The urea concentration in the water was 86 mmol/litre, and the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in the rumen fluid of two of the cows which were examined after death were 1825 and 957 mg/litre. The clinical signs and post mortem findings are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of two early season anthelmintic programmes on a commercial beef farm.

Two early season suppressive anthelmintic programmes, ivermectin given three, eight and 13 weeks after turn out and a morantel sustained release bolus administered at turn out, were compared on a commercial farm. The morantel treated cattle grew significantly faster than the ivermectin treated group during the period of treatment, on average at 0.80 kg/day compared with 0.71 kg/day (P less than 0.01). In the second half of the grazing season (13 to 25 weeks after turn out) the ivermectin treated group grew faster than the morantel treated group although the difference was not statistically significant. Over the entire grazing season there was no significant difference in average growth rate between the morantel treated group which grew at 0.80 kg/day and the ivermectin treated group which grew at 0.77 kg/day. These results were related to pasture larval counts, faecal egg counts and plasma pepsinogen levels throughout the grazing period. It was concluded that the morantel sustained release bolus allowed growing cattle to reach their production potential during the period of treatment. However, its efficacy in maintaining production throughout the grazing season was reduced by the 90 day treatment period which failed to give the level of control of gastrointestinal nematode parasites achieved by the 105 day period of treatment in the ivermectin programme.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Associations between viral infection and respiratory disease in young beef bulls.

Blood samples were taken from bull calves at two Meat and Livestock Commission performance testing centres, just after weaning at six months of age and at six weekly intervals until the end of the performance test seven months later. Sera were assayed by specific ELISAS for antibodies to bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV1), respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza 3 (Pi3) and adenoviruses A and B. Seroconversions between each sampling were related to the occurrence of clinical respiratory disease using chi-squared (chi 2) and relative risk (RR) analyses. In 294 bulls there were 123 cases of respiratory disease. Seroconversion to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (RR = 4.7, chi 2 = 96.3, P less than 0.001) and adenovirus A (RR = 1.8, chi 2 = 8.9, P less than 0.001) and adenovirus B (RR = 1.9, chi 2 = 5.6, P less than 0.05) were significantly associated with clinical respiratory disease. There was evidence that prior exposure to respiratory syncytial virus (RR = 0.4, chi 2 = 9.8, P less than 0.01) Pi3 (RR = 0.4, chi 2 = 12.8, P less than 0.01) and adenovirus A (RR = 0.7, chi 2 = 7.5, P less than 0.01) conferred some protection against respiratory disease after arrival at the centre. It is concluded that vaccination before weaning, at least against bovine respiratory syncytial virus, would be beneficial.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1988

Relationship of calf antibody status to disease and performance.

Three tests were used to measure the circulating immunoglobulin in 381 purchased calves as they entered a commercial calf-rearing unit. A correlation of 0.64 was found between the zinc sulphate turbidity (ZST) test and a quantitative latex agglutination test (LAT) measuring IgG1 (P less than 0.001). A qualitative version of the LAT related poorly to the quantitative version. The proportion of plasma samples identified by the quantitative LAT as having an IgG1 concentration of less than 5 g/litre which were incorrectly identified as positives (greater than or equal to 5 g/litre) by the qualitative LAT was 0.65. The proportion of plasma samples identified by the quantitative LAT as having a IgG1 concentration of greater than or equal to 5 g/litre which were incorrectly identified as negative (less than 5 g/litre) was 0.11. There was no statistically significant relationship between plasma IgG1 concentration and initial liveweight, subsequent overall daily liveweight gain or disease incidence (P greater than 0.05). Calves treated for infectious disease, particularly respiratory disease after weaning, had statistically significantly lower liveweight gains than healthy calves (P less than 0.001).

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1986

Carcase damage.

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Animals↗