Surgical treatment of the symptomatic juvenile flexible flatfoot condition.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G L Dockery.
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Several types of agents used for intradermal and intralesional injection have been presented along with general discussion of technique and principles of use. We have a great deal of respect for the effectiveness of properly utilized injections in the treatment of various conditions, and we also know that if used improperly, these agents can do more harm than good. For this reason, we caution practitioners to use common sense and to refer to product information and specific sources for additional information before using any of the medications or drugs discussed here. Special attention should be given to systemic absorption and the use of these drugs in infants and children, pregnant and nursing females, and in patients with systemic illness. Each of the agents presented must be evaluated independently and information and experience gathered will aid in the longterm results of their use. We hope this report helps to describe intralesional injections for treatment of some of the more common lesions and that your patients will benefit from this technique.
This article presents an organized and relatively easy mechanism for the diagnosis of dermatologic problems by using an algorithmic flow sheet. Once this technique is understood, the practitioner may find it much easier to categorize, diagnose, and manage skin conditions of the lower extremities.
Vasospastic disease represents a group of diseases in which the common link is spasm. The causes of the individual disorders may differ slightly but a history of exacerbation of the symptoms by cold, emotional stimuli, or caffeine usually will be elicited. Ulceration and gangrene do not usually occur. Treatment involves patient education, reassurance, and the use of oral vasodilating agents.
Contact dermatitis of the lower extremity is reviewed in regard to symptoms, clinical manifestations, etiologic agents, and treatment. Examples of some of the clinical manifestations are presented pictorially.
Distinction must be made between tissue movability and tissue elasticity when considering tissue movement with the hope of predicting good results. Tissue movability is either inherent, as on the back of the thigh, or is created by undermining, back-cutting, or cutting out Bürow's triangles. The elasticity of skin is inherent everywhere and is difficult to accurately predict. Elastic tissue will gape when cut, whereas inelastic tissue will not. Finally, elastic tissue will rotate with little puckering but inelastic tissue will form large dog-ears when rotated. For these reasons, as soon as the decision has been made to use a flap it is important to "prethink" the dynamics of flap movement and decide which type of flap to use and what is to be accomplished. If consideration is given to which flap will best allow proper transfer of tissue and at the same time give the best cosmetic result, the task is usually simpler. By further considering the secondary movement of surrounding tissues (as well as the primary movement), the number of potential techniques and designs are greatly increased.
Flap survival variables are different for each type of flap and for each anatomic location. One must have sound knowledge concerning tissue survivability for all types of flaps. Otherwise, a high rate of failure may be experienced. A thorough knowledge of blood flow patterns of the foot and leg is paramount, as well as insight to the basic fundamental concepts concerning flap mechanics. These fundamentals include delay phenomenon, designing flaps, length-to-width ratios, and evaluation of flap vascularity. Successful and appropriate use of flaps in the lower extremity can be rewarding and provide the surgeon with a powerful tool to use in reconstructive procedures. Inappropriate or poorly performed flap procedures often create situations that are more difficult to manage than the original problem. According to Hoopes, "flaps are vicarious, mischievous, and frequently insubordinate reconstructive agents. They demand thorough understanding and meticulous attention for successful employment." Therefore, judicial use of these procedures is recommended.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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This is a combined research study including use of a reproducible technique for ankle stress x-ray examinations (both preoperatively and postoperatively) and the use of the bovine bioprosthesis tendon implant for stabilization and augmentation of the lateral ankle ligaments. The surgical technique is fully described and the follow-up results indicate that there is long-term ankle stability, and that patient acceptance is very high.
A recent advancement in the surgical treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability is presented. The authors have collected data from 401 surgical stabilizations of the lateral ankle performed at the Waldo Podiatric Residency Program. A data summary is presented to provide the reader an appreciation of the evolution in treatment of ankle instability at this institution. The free tendon graft method of lateral ankle ligament reconstruction is also presented as performed on 37 patients with chronic unstable ankles.
The authors describe use of a Silastic plug to limit subtalar joint motion in symptomatic pediatric flatfeet. Three patients sustained postoperative injury resulting in pedal complications. Successful resolution of these cases is discussed.