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G L Fraser

Publications and source records attributed to G L Fraser.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Isopropanol ingestion: case report with pharmacokinetic analysis.

An unusual case of acute isopropanol overdose which occurred within the confines of the emergency department is reported. Serial serum concentrations of isopropanol and its metabolite acetone were followed for 43 hours. Pharmacokinetic analysis is presented, as well as a brief literature review of diagnosis and management. CNS toxicity was related mainly to isopropanol concentrations. The calculated half-life of isopropanol was 7.3 hours. Because of the pharmacokinetic profile of isopropanol, management decisions regarding the use of hemodialysis should be made within one to two hours of patient presentation.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of high-dose tobramycin-carbenicillin therapy in pseudomonal infections in cystic fibrosis.

Fourteen episodes of acute pseudomonal pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis were treated with high-dose tobramycin (10.1-17.1 mg/kg/d) and carbenicillin (600 mg/kg/d). The Sawchuck-Zaske method of dosing tobramycin was used and resulted in good agreement between the desired and measured peak (8.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 8.2 +/- 1.5 micrograms/ml) and trough (0.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.0 +/- 0.4 micrograms/ml) concentrations. Ninety-three percent of cases improved clinically. Forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity increased significantly (39.3 +/- 24.8, p less than 0.001 and 24.1 +/- 22.8 percent, p less than 0.05, respectively) after treatment. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was eradicated from the sputa of 69 percent of the cases, with recolonization occurring within three months. Significant nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity were not seen. Liver enzymes, however, were elevated in 29 percent of those treated. Combination high-dose carbenicillin and tobramycin satisfies the treatment goals of bacteriological and clinical cure with a minimal degree of toxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Valproic acid pharmacokinetics in children: III. Very high dosage requirements.

Nine children were studied who required very high doses of valproic acid (VPA) (63.6-105 mg/kg/day) in order to achieve VPA serum concentrations between 50-100 micrograms/ml. These nine children had poorly controlled seizures and were receiving other antiepileptic drugs at the time of this study. The children with very high dose requirements were significantly lighter, shorter, and had less body surface area than the control group. Of the pharmacokinetic parameters studied, total and intrinsic clearance, distribution volume, and valproic acid free fraction were significantly increased in the very high dose group. In three patients who were investigated after co-medications were eliminated, clearances and dosage requirements decreased by more than 50%. We concluded that very high VPA dosages are sometimes required to achieve therapeutic serum drug concentrations and that this therapy occasionally improves seizure control. There were no adverse effects of very high dose therapy that required dosage reduction.

Adolescent↗