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Biomedical subjects

G L Hays

Publications and source records attributed to G L Hays.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Residual antimicrobial activity associated with a chlorhexidine endodontic irrigant used with sodium hypochlorite.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of 2.0% chlorhexidine gluconate (CH) as an endodontic irrigant combined with the traditional irrigant, sodium hypochlorite (SH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented using one of three regimens: CH alone; SH alone until instrumentation with the last file, at which time CH was used as the filing irrigant; or SH alone followed by a single rinse with CH. After instrumentation, each root canal was dried with endodontic paper points, filled with sterile water, and maintained in a water-saturated environment. At 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after instrumentation, the root canal fluid was absorbed with an endodontic paper point, and the canal was irrigated and refilled with sterile water. The paper points containing root canal fluids were assayed for antimicrobial activity by placing them on agar plates inoculated with Streptococcus mutans, and measuring zones of inhibition after incubation. RESULTS: Comparisons of the results obtained from the three treatment regimens indicated there were no significant differences (P > 0.5) in the relative in vitro antimicrobial activity remaining in the three groups of teeth.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1997

Residual antimicrobial activity after canal irrigation with chlorhexidine.

We previously reported that the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a 2.0% chlorhexidine endodontic irrigant was equivalent to that of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The purpose of this study was to determine if chlorhexidine irrigants could instill substantive antimicrobial activity in instrumented root canals in vitro. Human teeth were instrumented using 2.0% or 0.12% chlorhexidine as irrigants. After instrumentation, the root canals were filled with sterile water, and samples of the root canal fluid were absorbed with paper points at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after treatment. The paper points were assayed for antimicrobial activity by placing them on agar plate surfaces inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and measuring zones of inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was present in all 2.0% chlorhexidine-treated teeth throughout the 72-h testing period and in most teeth, in relatively lower concentrations, for 6 to 24 h after irrigation with 0.12% chlorhexidine. These results indicate that chlorhexidine instills substantive antimicrobial activity when used as an endodontic irrigant.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Five cases of burning lips syndrome.

A recent retrospective study has suggested a new diagnostic entity called burning lips syndrome, which is distinct from burning mouth syndrome in that the burning sensation is generally limited to the lips, the labial mucosa is smooth and pale, the minor salivary glands of the lips are nonfunctional, and the syndrome presents with clinical symptoms. While burning mouth syndrome is more common in women, burning lips syndrome appears to affect men as often as it does women and typically occurs between 50 and 70 years of age. This article presents information on burning mouth syndrome as well as a prospective study of five cases used to evaluate the diagnosis of burning lips syndrome and its treatment with topical corticosteroids, which has been generally favorable.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Failure of ethylene oxide to sterilize extracted human teeth.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine if ethylene oxide could sterilize extracted human teeth to be used in research. METHODS: An occlusal preparation was cut in freshly extracted molars and a small hole was drilled into the pulp chamber. A suspension of Bacillus subtilis (globigii) endospores, the standard biological monitor used for ethylene oxide sterilization, was injected into the pulp cavity, and the pulp cavity access was filled with composite material and sealed with a light-cured sealant. The teeth were exposed to either a 30 degrees C or 63 degrees C ethylene oxide sterilization process. Following exposure, the teeth were aseptically split and cultured to reveal viable spores. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of the teeth exposed to "cold" ethylene oxide treatment and 80% of the teeth exposed to the "warm" treatment still contained viable spores. SIGNIFICANCE: Ethylene oxide cannot be relied on to sterilize extracted human teeth. Therefore, before they are used in research, other methods should be used to ensure killing of bloodborne pathogens that may be present within the teeth.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMed1995

Co-carcinogenesis and field cancerization: oral lesions offer first signs.

This article describes two cases of multifocal synchronous cell squamous cell carcinoma in high-risk patients. The initial presentation in both instances was an erythroplakic oral lesion. The importance of the team approach between the dentist and the oncologist for quality patient care is underscored.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The diagnosis and treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus with oral manifestations only: a case report.

A case of discoid lupus erythematosus with oral manifestations only is presented. The patient complained of painful palatal ulcers that limited her dietary intake. A topical therapeutic regimen using plastic carriers containing clobetasol propionate was beneficial in significantly relieving the oral discomfort. The clinical and microscopic differential diagnoses for this mucocutaneous disease are also discussed.

Clobetasol↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of low-dose isotretinoin with beta carotene to prevent oral carcinogenesis.

BACKGROUND: High-dose isotretinoin therapy has been determined to be an effective treatment for leukoplakia. However, a high rate of relapses and toxic reactions led us to conduct a trial of a much lower dose of isotretinoin in the hope of maintaining a response and limiting toxicity. METHODS: In the first phase of the study, 70 patients with leukoplakia underwent induction therapy with a high dose of isotretinoin (1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) for three months; in the second phase, patients with responses or stable lesions were randomly assigned to maintenance therapy with either beta carotene (30 mg per day) or a low dose of isotretinoin (0.5 mg per kilogram per day) for nine months. RESULTS: In the first phase, the rate of response to high-dose induction therapy in the 66 patients who could be evaluated was 55 percent (36 patients). The lesions of seven patients progressed, and therefore they did not participate in the second phase of the trial. Of the 59 patients included in the second phase, 33 were assigned to beta carotene therapy and 26 to low-dose isotretinoin therapy; these two groups did not differ significantly in prognostic factors. Of the 53 patients who could be evaluated, 22 in the low-dose isotretinoin group and 13 in the beta carotene group responded to maintenance therapy or continued to have stable lesions (92 percent vs. 45 percent, P < 0.001). In situ carcinoma developed in one patient in each group, and invasive squamous-cell carcinoma in five patients in the beta carotene group. Toxicity was generally mild, though greater in the group given low-dose isotretinoin therapy. CONCLUSIONS: When preceded by high-dose induction therapy, low-dose isotretinoin therapy was significantly more active against leukoplakia than beta carotene and was easily tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A possible late onset variation of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome: report of 3 cases.

Three unusual cases of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome with late onset of features and relatively mild periodontal disease are presented. These examples confirm some of the late onset of features and mild periodontal presentation of a previous case report. Bacteriologic associations, polymorphonuclear leukocyte chemotactic, phagocytic, and bactericidal activity, and therapeutics with regard to this syndrome are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of gold salt-induced oral lichen planus: report of a case.

A case of gold salt-induced oral lichen planus is reported. The oral lesions were successfully managed with a topical corticosteroid rinse. Gold salts, oral symptoms, and the use of the systemic inducing agent/immunosuppressant in combination with a topical corticosteroid are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Salivary pH while dissolving vitamin C-containing tablets.

Vitamin C is packaged in numerous forms which allow protracted exposure of the teeth to ascorbic acid. The repeated use of chewable mega dose tablets of vitamin C as a mint can damage the teeth by dissolving the enamel. In the time it takes to dissolve a chewable vitamin C tablet, a salivary pH drop takes place; salivary calcium and phosphorus ion concentration drops, and enamel dissolution may begin. Although sodium ascorbate, a buffering agent, is present in many vitamin C products, it may be added in insufficient quantity to be effective. With no apparent therapeutic value from topical vitamin C, vitamin C-containing products should be swallowed.

Administration, Topical↗