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Biomedical subjects

G L Kalsbeek

Publications and source records attributed to G L Kalsbeek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Humoral immunity in normal and complicated pregnancy.

To evaluate the role of some immunological phenomena involved in the pathogenesis of preeclamptic toxaemia, we studied the humoral immune reactivity in patients with preeclamptic toxaemia during the third trimester of pregnancy, and three days and six weeks after delivery. The results were compared with those of patients with intrauterine growth retardation and with uneventful pregnancy. During the third trimester, patients with complicated preeclamptic toxaemia had significantly lower IgG, CH50, C4 and C3 levels than normal pregnants. Post-partum levels of IgM were significantly higher than in all other groups of patients. Circulating immune complexes were not detectable by a C1q binding assay in patients and controls. However, with a conglutinin binding assay and a granulocyte phagocytosis test complexes were demonstrable in patients with complicated preeclampsia (incidence 44% and 33%, respectively). In addition, 66% of these patients showed deposits of immunoglobulins and complement components in superficial blood vessels of the skin biopsy, suggestive of the presence of tissue deposits of immune complexes. This was found in about 30% of the other patient groups and in none of control pregnants. Allo-antibodies to lymphocytes were present in 63% of complicated preeclamptic toxaemia patients and 22% of normal pregnants. Our data show several changes in humoral immune reactivity in preeclamptic toxaemia which may contribute to the pathogenesis of this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Induction of benzylpenicilloyl specific antibodies, including IgE, by long-term administration of benzylpenicillin.

Using the ELISA and passive haemagglutination test we investigated the humoral immune response induced by long-term administration of benzylpenicillin in patients. After the second week of the course in twenty-four out of sixty-one patients, synthesis of benzylpenicilloyl (BPO) specific IgG, IgA, IgM and/or IgE could be demonstrated. BPO-specific IgE was always found in combination with BPO-specific IgG and/or IgM. No difference in the humoral immune response was found between patients who developed clinical hypersensitivity reactions and those who did not. In a follow-up study the disappearance of BPO-specific immunoglobulins of all classes was observed. Results of the epicutaneous tests showed that a long-term course of benzylpenicillin did not evoke delayed hypersensitivity. However intracutaneous tests with benzylpenicilloyl-polylysine or benzylpenicillin showed positive immediate type reactions. From the results it can be concluded that a BPO-specific IgE response is not necessarily associated with the development of a clinical hypersensitivity reaction.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

Humoral immune response to some benzylpenicillin preparations.

In this study the humoral immune responses to long-term administration of benzylpenicillin preparations with and without adjuvants were compared. In 44.4% of the patients on long-term treatment with a benzylpenicillin preparation containing oil and alum monostearate, an induction of benzylpenicilloyl (BPO)-specific IgG, IgM and IgE was demonstrated during and after the course. Patients treated with a benzylpenicillin preparation containing no oil and alum monostearate showed only a very weak BPO-specific IgM and IgG response during the course. In patients in whom long-term treatment with a benzylpenicillin preparation without adjuvants was initiated by a benzylpenicillin preparation containing oil and alum monostearate, not only BPO-specific IgM and/or IgG but also IgE were demonstrated in 13.0%. The differences in immune response in the various long-term courses were significant (P less than 0.05). The data suggest that the presence of such adjuvants as oil and alum monostearate has an influence on the synthesis of BPO-specific antibodies. However, it can not be excluded that the difference in immunogenicity had some unknown connection with the differences in penicillin/blood levels.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed1983

Multilobated cutaneous T cell lymphoma. Report of two cases resembling Crosti's reticulosis.

2 middle-aged men are described with slowly progressive papular and nodular lesions, limited to the skin of the back. Clinically and histologically both resembled Crosti's reticulosis ('réticulo-histiocytome du dos de l'adulte'). It was determined by electron microscopic, enzyme cytochemical and immunological studies that the 'histiocyte' component, which was derived from T lymphocytes, consisted of blast-like cells with characteristic multilobated nuclei with nucleoli in marginal position. For this type of lymphoma, which may have been described previously as lymphocytoma cutis or reticulum cell sarcoma, the term 'multilobated cutaneous T cell lymphoma' is proposed. According to its slowly progressive clinical course it may be classified as a malignant lymphoma of low grade malignancy.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1980

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Immunofluorescence, electron microscopic and immunoelectron microscopic studies in four patients.

Four patients with the clinical picture of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita were investigated. Biopsies were taken from the involved and uninvolved areas of the skin and the immunohistochemical and microscopic changes were studied. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposition of IgG and C3/4 in a linear or norched pattern along the epidermal basement membrane in both the involved and the uninvolved skin. In addition IgA (3/4), IgM (1/4), C4 (3/4) and properdin (3/4) could be detected. Indirect immunofluorescence revealed the presence of circulating antibodies against inter alia the epithelial basement membrane zone in one patient. Routine electron microscopy showed that the blister was situated in the dermis leaving the basal lamina in the roof of the blister. With immunoelectron microscopy using peroxidase-labelled antibody the in vivo deposition of IgG was observed just beneath the basal lamina in the dermis of both the perilesional and the uninvolved skin. These observations show that epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is a distinct entity, in which autoimmune mechanisms might possibly play a role.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Penicillin hypersensitivity. Determination and classification of anti-penicillin antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of anti-pencillin antibodies of the several Ig classes is described. The results of the ELISA in 350 sera of patients suspected of penicillin hypersensitivity are compared with those of the haemagglutination test. In 105 sera penicillin-specific IgM and/or IgG was demonstrated with the ELISA, the HA test being positive in 49 of these 105 sera. However , in another 14 sera IgM anti-penicillin antibodies could be shown only with the HA. In 10 sera penicillin-specific IgE was demonstrated with the ELISA, only four of these being also positive with the RAST. IgE was always found in combination with IgG and/or IgM. The positive correlation of the ELISA and the RAST with the intracutaneous test on penicillolypolylysine was 26.9% and 15.4% respectively. The ELISA is a simple and reproducible method for the detection of anti-penicillin antibodies, being more sensitive than the HA and the RAST.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1979

Direct immunofluorescence studies in granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica and granulomatosis disciformis Miescher.

Direct immunofluorescence studies in granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica and granulomatosis disciformis Miescher are reported. In all 29 cases fibrillar deposits of fibrin in the necrobiotic areas have been found. Complement, mainly C3, was present in the region of the dermo-epidermal junction in 83% of the cases. Although the walls of the vessels in the superficial layers of the dermis showed a positive staining with antifibrinogen and complement, those around the necrobiotic areas were negative in most of the cases. The possible significance of these findings for the pathogenesis has been discussed.

Complement System Proteins↗
PubMed1978

Immunofluorescence studies in granuloma eosinophilicum faciale.

Direct immunofluorescence investigations were performed on skin biopsies from five patients with granuloma eosinophilicum faciale (GEF; facial granuloma). An extensive and brilliant granular picture was observed along the basement membrane (BM) of the epidermis and the hair follicles, in the walls of the vessels, in the cellular infiltrates and on the connective tissue fibers. These granules were positively stained by antisera directed against IgG, complement (C3/4) and, although less consistently, against IgA and IgM. IgE was found in one case along the BM, but anti- IgD was negative. Concomitantly heavy fibrillar deposits of fibrin were present in the walls of the vessels and in the cellular infiltrates, together with granular depositions along the BM. The analysis of the complement factors showed that C1q, C4, C3, C3c, C3d and C5 were present in the same pattern as C3/4. These results indicate that GEF can be considered as a chronic form of leukoclastic vasculitis mediated by an Arthus-like mechanism, maintained by an unidentified, persistent antigen or by locally produced Ig aggregates.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1978

Localized chronic pemphigoid. Report of a case, review of the literature and discussion of the relationship with cicatricial pemphigoid.

A case of a chronic remittant blistering eruption on the left temple in a 62-year-old woman is described. Only after repeated biopsies did direct immunofluorescence (DIF) studies reveal a linear staining of the epidermal basement membrane with anti-IgG, C1q, C4, C3 and C5. In addition, heavy deposits of fibrin were observed. The importance of repeated DIF examination in initially negative cases has been stressed. Localized chronic pemphigoid should be considered as a distinct subform of the pemphigoid syndrome.

Albumins↗
PubMed1977

Organoid nevus syndrome (linear nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn): clinical and radiological study of a case.

A 3 1/2-year-old boy with this syndrome is reported. The clinical features were: linear organoid nevus, characteristically involving the midline of the face with extension to one side (right side in this case), hemimacrocephaly, mental and motor retardation, epilepsy originating from a focus in the right hemisphere, a malformed hemisphere and ventricular system on the right side on pneumoencephalographic and angiographic study and a hamartoma-like malformation protruding into the frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Early host cell-Molluscum contagiosum virus interactions.

Basal and suprabasal layers of human epidermis infected with the poxvirus Molluscum contagiosum have been examined with the technique of serial sectioning. Phagocytic vacuoles, formerly not observed in human epidermis, were found exclusively in the basal region. They did not fuse with other virus-containing vacuoles or with lysosomes to form digestive vacuoles. Various stages of uncoating, preceding ejection of the virus core into the cytoplasm, were observed in the virus-containing vacuole. Clusters of cores were commonly found close to or even associated with centriolar structures. Their possible interference with mitosis is discussed in relation to alterations observed in the plasma membrane. It is assumed that excision of gap junction elements precedes the induction of mitosis.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1975

The interaction of Concanavalin A and the surface coat of stratified squamous epithelium.

The interaction of Concanavalin A (Con A) and the surface membranes of the epithelial cells of human oral mucosa, epidermis and guinea-pig lip was studied. Two methods were used: fluorescent Con A and Con A in combination with horse radish peroxidase. With both methods the surface coat of epithelial cells was stained. The specificity of the staining methods could be demonstrated. The interaction between pemphigus antibodies and the surface membranes of epithelial cells could be blocked by Con A.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Cutaneous immunohistochemistry. The direct immunoperioxidase and immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge methods compared with the immunofluorescence method in dermatology.

Two immunohistochemical methods, using the enzyme horseradish peroxidase, the direct immunoperoxidase (DIP) and the immunoglobulin-enzyme bridge (IEB) method were applied on 129 skin specimens of 81 patients with lupus erythematosus, bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris and rosacea. These methods were compared with each other and with the immunofluorescence (IF) method. The DIP method was preferred to the IEB method because of the greater contrast between the specific staining and the nonspecific staining of the former. The results obtained with both peroxidase methods were comparable with those of the IF method.

Fluorescent Antibody Technique↗
PubMed1975

A comparative study of horseradish peroxidase conjugates prepared with a one-step and a two-step method.

In this study we compared horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled rabbit antihuman immunoglobulin G (IgG) conjugates, prepared by a one-step and a two-step method. Glutaraldehyde was used as a cross-linking agent. Two methods were used for removing unconjugated HRP: Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography and ammonium sulfate precipitation. The conjugates were characterized immunologically, immunochemically and enzymatically. The immunohistoenzymic properties of the conjugates were tested on unfixed cryostat sections of the skin of patients with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus. The influence of the presence of unconjugated HRP and unconjugated IgG was studied. Optimal results were obtained with conjugates prepared by a two-step method. Removing unconjugated HRPimproved the immunohistoenzymic properties of the conjugates. Conjugated and unconjugated IgG could be separated by Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography.

Animals↗