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Biomedical subjects

G L Young

Publications and source records attributed to G L Young.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Antihistamines versus aspirin for itching in late pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: While not common, itching in pregnancy (not due to liver disease) can be distressing. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of treatment for itching in late pregnancy. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. In addition, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL/CCTR) was searched. Date of last search: April 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials of treatments for itching in women in late pregnancy with normal liver function. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: One study of 38 women was included. This was a small crossover trial, using alternate allocation. The trial compared a histamine, chlorpheniramine, with aspirin. Aspirin was more effective than chlorpheniramine in relieving itching (odds ratio 2. 39, 95% confidence interval 1.25 to 4.57). However chlorpheniramine was more effective than aspirin when a rash was present. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Aspirin appears to be more effective than chlorpheniramine for relief of itching in pregnancy when no rash is present. If there is a rash, chlorpheniramine may be more effective.

Antipruritics↗
PubMed2000

Creams for preventing stretch marks in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Many women develop stretch marks (striae gravidarum) during pregnancy. A number of creams have been used to remove these stretch marks. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of topical treatments to prevent the development of stretch marks. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. In addition, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL/CCTR) was searched. Date of last search: April 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials comparing active creams with placebo for the treatment of stretch marks in pregnant women. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: One study involving 100 women was included. Compared to placebo, treatment with a cream containing Centella asiatica extract, alpha tocopherol and collagen-elastin hydrolysates was associated with less women developing stretch marks (odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.99). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: One particular cream appears to help prevent the development of stretch marks in pregnancy, but only for women who had previously suffered stretch marks in pregnancy. There is no evidence of benefit for general use.

Cosmetics↗
PubMed2000

Interventions for leg cramps in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Many women experience leg cramps in the second half of pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of treatments for leg cramps in pregnancy. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials of treatments for leg cramps, persisting for at least two weeks, in pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: Three trials involving 217 women were included. The trials were of moderate quality. Compared with placebo, calcium reduced leg cramps (odds ratio 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.15 to 0.56). However there was significant heterogeneity between these results. One trial comparing sodium chloride with placebo showed a reduction in leg cramps (odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.03 to 0.24). Based on one trial, there appeared to be no difference between calcium and sodium chloride. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Both calcium and sodium chloride appear to help reduce leg cramps in pregnancy. However the results of the sodium chloride trial may no longer be relevant because of dietary changes.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Vaginal candidiasis (moniliasis or thrush) is a common and frequently distressing infection for many women. It is even more common in pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of different methods of treating vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. In addition, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL/CCTR) was searched. Date of last search: April 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials of any treatment for vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS: Twelve trials were included. Based on five trials, imidazole drugs were more effective than nystatin when treating vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy (odds ratio 0.21, 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 0.29). Nystatin,in turn was more effective than hydrargaphen in one trial.A trial of clotrimazole was more effective than placebo (odds ratio 0.14, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 0.31). Single dose treatment was less effective than three or four days treatment when assessed by culture and by symptoms in three different trials and treatment lasting for four days was less effective than treatment for seven days (odds ratio 10.6, 95% confidence interval 4.01 to 28.05). Based on two trials, treatment for seven days was no more or less effective than treatment for 14 days (odds ratio 0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 1.05). REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Topical imidazole appears to be more effective than nystatin for treating symptomatic vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy. Treatments for seven days may be necessary.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2000

Interventions for varicosities and leg oedema in pregnancy.

BACKGROUND: Leg oedema from venous insufficiency is not dangerous but it can cause women symptoms such as pain, feelings of heaviness, night cramps and paraesthesiae. Leg oedema can be a sign of pre-eclampsia when associated with raised blood pressure or proteinuria. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to assess the effects of treatment to relieve the symptoms associated with varicosity in pregnancy and to reduce leg oedema. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised trials of any form of treatment for varicosity or leg oedema in pregnancy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Trial quality was assessed and data were extracted independently by two reviewers. MAIN RESULTS: Three trials of three different treatments were included. A total of 115 women were involved. In one trial, two thirds of women given rutoside capsules in the last three months of pregnancy noted an improvement in symptoms compared with only one third given placebo (odds ratio 0.30, 95% confidence interval 0.12 to 0.77). They had a decrease in ankle circumference at 36 weeks' gestation after eight weeks of treatment, while women given placebo had a small increase. In one trial, women with ankle oedema had a small non-significant reduction in lower leg volume when treated with external pneumatic intermittent compression for 30 minutes. Fifty minutes immersion in water at 32 degrees Celsius resulted in greater diuresis and fall in blood pressure than 50 minutes bedrest. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Rutosides appear to relieve symptoms of venous insufficiency in late pregnancy. However it is not known if the drug is safe in pregnancy. External pneumatic compression appears to reduce ankle swelling. Immersion in water for 50 minutes results in diuresis and fall in blood pressure. It is not known for how long these changes are sustained nor whether they are of any benefit.

Edema↗