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Biomedical subjects

G Lawrence

Publications and source records attributed to G Lawrence.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Identification, cloning, and expression of the major capsid protein gene of human herpesvirus 6.

DNA sequence analysis of part of the human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) genome led to the identification of an open reading frame with amino acid sequence homology to the major capsid proteins (MCP) of other HHVs. DIAGON analysis showed that the closest homology was with human cytomegalovirus. Plasmids were constructed which were shown to express the HHV-6 MCP as either the entire open reading frame or as portions of it, and the recombinant-produced proteins were used to raise antisera. The antisera were shown by immunofluorescence to react with HHV-6-infected lymphoblastoid cells and in Western blots with a 135-kilodalton protein specific to HHV-6-infected cells. The recombinant protein expressed from the entire HHV-6 MCP gene was detected only weakly in Western blot assays with normal HHV-6-positive human sera as a probe.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

Absolute bioavailability of cefixime in man.

In a four-way cross-over study, the absolute bioavailability of cefixime was determined in 16 healthy volunteers. Each subject received a single 200-mg dose as an intravenous (IV) and oral solution, and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses of the drug. Blood and urine samples were collected for 24 hours after each dose. Cefixime was well tolerated after IV and oral doses of the drug and no serious drug-related adverse effects were observed. The maximal serum concentration (Cmax) of cefixime following the 200-mg oral solution and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses were 3.22, 2.92, and 4.84 micrograms/mL, respectively. Mean area under the serum concentration time curves (AUC) following the IV, 200-mg oral solution, and 200-mg and 400-mg capsule doses were 47.0, 26.0, 23.6, and 39.4 micrograms.hr/mL, respectively. Mean elimination half-life values of the drug were comparable after oral and IV doses, ranging from 3.2 to 3.5 hours. Based on serum AUC values, the absolute bioavailability of cefixime was 52.3%, 47.9%, and 40.2% after the 200-mg oral solution, 200-mg capsule and 400-mg capsule doses, respectively. Respective ratios based on 24-hour urinary recovery data were 44.7%, 41.7%, and 40.5%. Therefore, the results show that the percent of cefixime adsorbed after 200-mg and 400-mg oral doses was similar.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Factors associated with the elderly falling in intermediate care facilities.

In intermediate care facilities, the records of 41 patients who had fallen and 36 controls were reviewed retrospectively, and the two groups compared for demographics, diagnoses, blood pressures over the prior two months, and prescribed medication. Seven of the sample had a recent weight loss recorded; all seven were in the group that fell. The mean number of medications prescribed for the group of fallers was significantly greater than the mean prescribed for the control group. The mean number of medication changes during the two weeks prior to the fall was significantly greater than the mean number of medication changes during the two weeks prior to data collection for the control group. Our data suggest that caution should be exercised in multiple drug prescribing for patients in intermediate care facilities and that recent weight loss and medication changes may be risk factors for falling.

Accident Prevention↗
PubMed1979

Prevention of necrotising enteritis in Papua New Guinea by active immunisation.

Necrotising enteritis (pig-bel) caused by Clostridium welchii type C is a major cause of illness and death in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. In a controlled trial of active immunisation with a clostridial toxoid prepared from type-C cultures the incidence of pig-bel in over 2500 immunised children within 24 months of immunisation was less than an eighth of that in a control group. Necrotising enteritis in Papua New Guinea is now a preventable disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Development, preparation and safety testing of a Clostridium welchii type C toxoid. I: preliminary observations in man in Papua New Guinea.

The reactogenicity and immunogenicity of various strengths of plain and adsorbed Cl. welchii type C toxoid have been evaluated in laboratory tests and in man in Papua New Guinea. The greater antigenicity and acceptable clinical reactivity of a vaccine containing 50 total combining power units per 0.5 mm of adsorbed toxoid resulted in its selection for further field studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The prevention of pig-bel in Papua New Guinea.

In many Highlands hospitals pig-bel is the commonest cause of death in children over 12 months of age. In a double blind controlled trial in Sina Sina we have shown that Clostridium welchii type C beta toxoid (beta toxoid) protects against pig-bel (p < 0.02). Of 2,538 children given beta toxoid, two developed pig-bel in the following two years. Seventeen of 2,532 control children vaccinated with tetanus toxoid developed pig-bel. We suggest that beta toxoid be given to Highlands children at two, four and six months of age. Boosters may be needed. Health services in the Highlands need to be improved so that this vaccine can be effectively delivered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Photoradiation in the treatment of recurrent breast carcinoma.

Photoradiation, with the use of hematoporphyrin derivative (Hpd) activated by visible light in the red region of the spectrum, was an effective treatment for controlling local and regional chest wall recurrences of breast carcinoma. With sufficient time between iv injection of the drug and local activation with red light, cutaneous and subcutaneous masses were treated effectively without undue damage to overlying and adjacent skin. This high therapeutic ratio resulted from the ability to Hpd to accumulate and/or to be retained to a higher degree in malignant tissue than in many normal tissues. This technique can be used as a primary treatment or upon tumor recurrence following conventional modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Breast Neoplasms↗