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Biomedical subjects

G Leitner

Publications and source records attributed to G Leitner.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Intraoperative radiation with external irradiation: an alternative for nonresectable non-small-cell lung cancer?

In 15 patients with nonresectable non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) (10 squamous, 1 large cell, 4 adenocarcinomas; T1-T3, N0-N2, all M0), lymph node dissection and intraoperative irradiation of the tumour (IORT) with doses between 10 and 20 Gy (11-20 MeV electron beam) was performed. Four weeks postoperatively 46-56 Gy external irradiation (8 or 23 MeV photons) was delivered to the mediastinum and 46 Gy to the tumour-bearing area. Four weeks postoperatively, 8 minor responses (MR, tumour regression between 4% and 45%) and 6 partial responses (PR, 50%-84%) were found. In 1 case, CT was inconclusive. Eighteen weeks after IORT, volumetry showed 3 CR, 9 PR (62% to 94%) and 1 28% MR. One patient died from intrabronchial hemorrhage 7 weeks after IORT (50% PR). Two others (both CR) died from unrelated causes, 6 and 12 months, respectively, after IORT. One patient (62% PR) died after 14 months from an unknown cause. Another patient died at 15 months from local relapse after CR. The latest CT volume assessment between 7.5 and 21.5 months, respectively, yielded 8 CR, and 1 63% PR. One further case of local CR has developed contralateral pulmonary metastasis after 10 months. All these patients are alive and well. The median time elapsed since IORT is 12.5 months, 10 patients have survived more than 12 months.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Sex-related differences in immune response and survival rate of broiler chickens.

In a comparison between male and female broiler chicks, the mortality rate of males was found to be significantly higher than that of females, starting from the second week of age until marketing at 7 or 8 weeks of age. The main causes of death during this period were various infectious diseases. This observation was explained by differences in the activity of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses between the sexes. In tests of antibody responses of young chicks to a variety of antigens (bacterial-E. coli, viral-Newcastle disease virus, and protein antigen-bovine serum albumin), females responded 24-72 h earlier than males and with higher peak antibody titers. In-vitro proliferation of T-lymphocytes to purified protein derivative and E. coli showed an earlier and greater response in females. The correlation between immune responsiveness and survival, as tested by challenging vaccinated chicks with pathogenic E. coli, showed a significantly higher mortality rate in vaccinated males, that was correlated with their lower antibody titer. We concluded, therefore, that sex-related differences in mortality rates of broiler chicks may result from a less efficient immune response in males.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

[Comparison of vaginal ultrasound and histologic findings of the endometrium].

Transvaginal ultrasound makes it possible to show pelvic structures much more precisely than the abdominal method. As a consequence structures, which have hardly been seen so far, especially in the uterine cavity and the adnexal region, can be seen and analysed more distinctly. This is of vital importance for women of advanced age. We examined 450 women in pre- and postmenopause and studied in detail the structures of the endometrium shown by transvaginal ultrasound according to their respective shapes. In 215 cases they were compared with histological findings. It became evident that the size and structure of the endometrium can indicate its histological state. Premalignant or malignant formations of tissue occurred almost only in an endometrium with a thickness of more than 10 mm or in polyp-like structures. We conclude that in case of thick or extraordinarily structured endometrium - even without any symptoms of bleeding - a curettage should be performed. Vaginal ultrasound, which is, compared to other methods of examining the endometrium, very simple and non-invasive, can be applied any time. For these reasons it represents, in our opinion, another step towards improving the possibilities of diagnosing carcinoma of the endometrium at an early stage.

Dilatation and Curettage↗
PubMed1989

[Prevention of postoperative complications following vaginal hysterectomy].

In a prospective study on infectious morbidity after vaginal hysterectomy we examined the clinical symptoms of an infection and partly also the microbial conditions of the vaginal wound. With a group of 49 patients without antibiotic prophylaxis we tried to find out if the type of vaginal occlusion might have any influence on the microbial situation and the healing process. The results of this first group were compared to those of a second group consisting of 31 patients, who had received antibiotic prophylaxis before the operation with a cephalosporin. Though it was not possible to make any microbial analyses in the second group, the clinical evaluation showed distinctly that antibiotic prophylaxis is an important contribution to the prevention of infections after vaginal hysterectomy. The careful consideration of septic-surgical precautions, however, and this was proved by the first part of the study, contributes as well to the prevention of infections.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

[Chronic gait disorder caused by pigmented villonodular synovitis of the sole of the foot].

A 13 year old girl showed increasingly over one and a half year a gait disturbance suspected to be a progressive neurologic disorder. Laboratory tests and routine x-rays were normal. Soft tissue radiography finally demonstrated a dense area on the sole of the left foot which was excised and identified as a pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS). The girl is well now. Because PVNS is a rare disorder in childhood the diagnosis is seldom suspected and difficult; however, it should be considered as a cause for localised pain and its consequences.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1987

[Rare complications of endometriosis--2 case reports].

An endometrial lesion of the terminal ileum led to a mechanic ileus following vaginal hysterectomy in the first case. In the second case endometrioid carcinoma developed in an endometriotic lesion of the cul-de-sac 6 years after hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy; during this period the patient had taken conjugated estrogens continuously.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

[Pathologic anatomy and mechanism of brain tissue damage in Mycoplasma infection based on a case report].

The following report deals with the pathological findings in severe brain tissue damage secondary to Mycoplasma infection with positive serological identification. The patient, a girl of 4 1/2 years, presented with the clinical signs of severe cerebral damage of acute onset and succumbed after an illness of 74 days. Autopsy revealed extensive cortical necrosis in one hemisphere with focal necrosis in the basal ganglia of the opposite hemisphere, together with demyelination and marked glial reaction. Although the changes suggest damage due to circulatory factors, the brain vessels appear normal. Disseminated intravascular coagulation appears to be the most likely pathogenesis.

Brain↗
PubMed1985

Correlation of hormone levels and quantitative histological findings in testicular biopsies.

Testicular biopsies of 84 oligo- or azoospermic males with gonades of nearly normal size and without chromosomal abnormalities were studied by morphometric methods. The mean Johnsen score and the results of the morphometric investigations were plotted against the results of the hormone assays (plasma testosterone, LH, FSH, prolactin). High LH and FSH levels showed a very good correlation with the loss of germ cells, the tubular shrinkage and interstitial fibrosis. Plasma testosterone levels, however, did not correlate with any morphological structure of the testicular parenchyma. The Johnsen score and the morphometric findings can to some degree explain the relationship between morphological abnormalities and endocrinological findings.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

[Experimental studies on the efficacy of pressure wave massage (Lymphapress) in lymphedema].

The following effects of a massage by the Lymphapress apparatus could be demonstrated by girth measurements and nuclear medical investigations on the treated extremity: 1. Volume reduction (in lymphedema in average 4,6% of the basic extremity volume after 3 h). 2. Improvement of the lymph kinetics in cases with intact or decreased lymph transport. If isotopic lymphography failed to show any lymphatic transport as in cases with severe, indurated lymphedemas no effect on the lymph kinetics could be demonstrated. 3. Decrease of albumin content in the tissues. However there is an increase of local albumin concentration in lymphedema by overproportional water reduction. Therefore compression bandages should be applied between the Lymphapress massages for maintenance of the effect.

Arm↗
PubMed1980

[Endemic goitre before and after goitre prophylaxis (author's transl)].

Between 1952 and 1977 there has been a considerable change in the type of goitre operated on in the endemic area of the Austrian Tyrol. Iodine prophylaxis had proved significantly more effective in men: the consequences appear earlier and extend into the middle age groups. As a result, the type of surgical specimen is much more like that seen in non-endemic areas. The incidence of diffuse colloid goitre decreased, as that of adenomatous goitre increased. Among the adenomas, the number of the colloid-rich form has increased. Instead of diffuse or multinodular goitre one now frequently encounters the symptom-free, often uninodular, goitre. The total number of goitre operations has also decreased.

Austria↗
PubMed1980

[Agenesis of the ductus arteriosus Botalli and premature closure of the foramen ovale, in combination with mitral valve atresia, hypoplastic left ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, and pulmonary valve atresia (author's transl)].

Agenesis of the Ductus arteriosus Botalli is a rare anomaly, which is known to occur in combination with truncus arteriosus, tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary valve agenesis and also in simple tetralogy. The authors report on a case, where neither a ductus nor any remnant of it could be found in a complex heart malformation consisting of premature closure of the Foramen ovale, mitral atresia, hypoplastic left ventricle, transposition of the great arteries, pulmonary valve atresia and hypoplastic pulmonary artery. Speculations as to the pathogenesis of this anomaly presume slowing and eventual arrest of the ductal blood flow as a consequence of closure of the Foramen ovale in early fetal life. Thus total involution and disappearance of the distal part of the sixth aortic arch also on the left side seem conceivable.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1980

[Carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge].

Carcinoma in situ (Tis) of the urinary bladder means a challenge for the urologist, because of the uncharacteristic symptoms and the various treatment modalities. Early detection requires wide use of urinary cytology and multiple cold-cup biopsies. Cytology has proven to be sensitive in 95%. Histological grading of the Tis and the concomitant overt tumor is in accordance in 85%. A dedifferentiation of the tumor during the course of the disease was observed in only 14%. Modes of conservative treatment can achieve long-lasing tumor control or remission. Therefore, a cystectomy cannot be justified as the primary treatment in any case.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of native chicken interferon on MDV replication.

Marek's disease virus (MDV) is an oncogenic alphaherpesvirus. Its specific phosphorylated protein, pp38 has been implicated in MDV oncogenesis. In order to check whether the known anti-viral or anti-proliferative actions of interferon (IFN) are of importance in Marek's disease (MD), chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) were infected with attenuated serotype-1 MDV strain CVI988, or with herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT). Different concentrations of native chicken IFN were added to the cell cultures, prior to their infection. After incubation, MDV plaques were counted. Analysis by flow cytometry for pp38 expression was performed by using three monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and for HVT by using an anti-glycoprotein B (gB) MAb. Increasing IFN quantities caused a reduction in a stepwise manner of plaque numbers as well as a suppression of pp38 and gB expression in the CVI988- and HVT-infected cells, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Colonization of Escherichia coli in young turkeys and chickens.

In order to investigate the possibility of pathogenic Escherichia coli penetrating the bloodstream via the intestinal mucosa in normal and stressed turkeys and chickens, birds were inoculated orally with the bacteria or exposed environmentally to it. Immediately after hatch, intestines contained a substantial number of coliform bacteria that increased with time. In orally infected turkeys, the pathogenic bacteria (nalidixic-acid-resistant O78) replaced 10%-50% of the native coliform flora but could not be isolated from the trachea or blood. Environmentally exposed groups exhibited pathogenic bacteria in intestines but not in blood. Stressing of exposed turkeys resulted in isolation of the pathogenic bacteria from blood and even spleen. In orally infected broiler chickens, stress resulted in bacteremia and mortality. Chickens that were exposed to pathogenic bacteria at a young age and showed no mortality or morbidity demonstrated no detrimental effects due to challenge with the same pathogenic bacteria later in life. Stress seems to cause penetration of the pathogenic bacteria into the bloodstream, which in turn can cause severe disease and mortality.

Animals↗