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Biomedical subjects

G Lindgren

Publications and source records attributed to G Lindgren.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Genetical and physical assignments of equine microsatellites--first integration of anchored markers in horse genome mapping.

Twenty equine microsatellites were isolated from a genomic phage library, and their genetical and physical localization was sought by linkage mapping and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Nineteen of the markers were found to be polymorphic with, in most cases, heterozygosities exceeding 50%. The markers were mapped in a Swedish reference family for gene mapping, comprising eight half-sib families from Standardbred and Icelandic horse sires. Segregation was analyzed against a set of 35 other markers typed in the pedigree. Thirteen of the microsatellites showed linkage to at least one other marker, with a total of 21 markers being involved in these linkages. In parallel, 18 of the microsatellites could be assigned to their chromosomal region by FISH. These assignments involved eight equine autosomes: ECA1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 10, 15, and 16. The genetical and physical mappings revealed by this study represent a significant extension of the current knowledge of the equine genome map.

Alleles↗
PubMed1997

Long-term follow-up of cryosurgery of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid.

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the eyelid and its incidence is increasing. It remains to be established which is the best treatment in terms of safety and cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to analyze the long-term treatment results and possible side effects of cryosurgery of eyelid BCC. METHODS: During the last 14 years 219 patients (222 tumors) treated for eyelid BCC with cryosurgery were followed up prospectively for up to 10 years. RESULTS: The tumors cleared completely after treatment in all patients with no recurrence observed to date. Ninety-two patients were followed up for 5 years or more. Complications were few and minor. In 26 treated eyelids conjunctival overgrowth was noted. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that cryosurgery of BCC of the eyelid has a high cure rate, is cost-effective, and is well tolerated.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Perimetric probability maps to separate change caused by glaucoma from that caused by cataract.

We describe a new method for analysis of change in glaucomatous visual fields with the object to differentiate between changes caused by glaucoma from those caused by cataract. New pattern deviation change probability maps were developed from a prospectively collected glaucoma material and designed to be sensitive to changes in localized field loss, but to be unaffected by media-induced perimetric change. We compared the new change probability maps with the commercially available total deviation change probability maps in series of Humphrey perimetric tests in a glaucoma material of 43 eyes of 35 patients, who had undergone cataract surgery. When using the total deviation maps, considerable differences were seen between fields obtained before and after cataract surgery. Much smaller differences were seen when using the new change probability maps, that almost eliminated the common and disturbing effect of increasing cataract. This new tool could be of considerable help in differentiation between progressive glaucomatous visual field loss and deterioration caused by increasing media opacities.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

The impact of marital relationship on the rehabilitation process in a group of women with long-term musculoskeletal disorders.

This qualitative study investigated problems in the rehabilitation of women with long-term, musculoskeletal pain disorders. Data were collected by repeated semi-structured interviews and doctor-patient encounters during two years, and analysed in a gender perspective. The "marriage contract", i.e. the pattern of division of duties and power structure within the marital relationship, was of obvious importance to the implementation of rehabilitation measures. We explored situations where the rehabilitation measures disagreed with the terms and patterns in the "marriage contract". The participants' ways of coping with the contract in these delicate situations could be described as three type strategies; accepting the terms, negotiating for new terms, and breaking the contract. The crucial impact of the "marriage contract" and the type strategies on the rehabilitation process are exemplified.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1997

Biophysical and physiological properties of a modified porcine surfactant enriched with surfactant protein A.

Surfactant protein A (SP-A), a major protein component of natural pulmonary surfactant, is absent in exogenous surfactants currently used in clinical practice. We investigated the physical and physiological properties of one of these modified natural surfactants (Curosurf) after enrichment with 5% SP-A (SP-A-Curosurf). A pulsating bubble system was used for in vitro assessments and ventilated newborn rabbits for evaluation of in vivo effects. In the presence of various potential inhibitors (meconium 5 mg.mL-1, fibrinogen 5 mg.mL-1, albumin 25 mg.mL-1, or whole serum proteins 25 mg.mL-1), Curosurf at a concentration of 5 mg.mL-1 was inactivated while SP-A-Curosurf and natural porcine surfactant at the same concentration had normal maximum and minimum surface tension. This protective effect of SP-A was calcium dependent. In immature newborn rabbits, the improvement of lung-thorax compliance observed after treatment with 100 mg.kg-1 of SP-A-Curosurf was equivalent to that obtained with 200 mg.kg-1 of Curosurf. Similarly, in near-term newborn rabbits with respiratory failure induced by instillation of fibrinogen via the airways, the increase in compliance after administration of 100 mg.kg-1 of SP-A-Curosurf corresponded to that seen after treatment with 200 mg.kg-1 of Curosurf, whereas Curosurf at a dose of 100 mg.kg-1 had no substantial effect. Our data thus indicate that surfactant protein A increases the resistance of Curosurf to inactivation under in vivo conditions.

Albumins↗
PubMed1997

"How could I even think of a job?"--Ambiguities in working life in a group of female patients with undefined musculoskeletal pain.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the meaning of working life for a group of women sick-listed because of undefined, musculoskeletal pain disorders. DESIGN: Repeated thematic interviews, analysed qualitatively according to grounded theory. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Twenty female patients, impaired by biomedically undefined pain and musculoskeletal disorders, were successively recruited at an urban primary health care centre in northern Sweden. MAIN FINDINGS: There were discrepancies between work aspirations and work experiences concerning economic maintenance, social interaction, and personal recognition. The women had low-income jobs in fields threatened by redundancy, such as cleaning, care, and service. Family considerations had a strong impact on organization and priorities in paid work. In a situation of pain and sick leave, family orientation strengthened and work aspirations declined. Social and personal recognition was sought in the unpaid duties at home, and economic refuge in 'the state as supporter'. IMPLICATIONS: To understand women with undefined musculoskeletal pain as patients, we must also understand their aspirations and experiences as workers, mothers, and spouses. 'Family considerations', 'diminishing paid work', and 'the state as supporter' are important concepts for understanding the women's sick role process.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

"I've been crying my way"--qualitative analysis of a group of female patients' consultation experiences.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: What do women patients, sick-listed for biomedically undefined musculoskeletal disorders, expect and experience when they consult a doctor? With the purpose to learn more about this, a qualitative interview study was conducted. METHODS: Twenty women participated. They were patients at an urban health care centre in northern Sweden. Data were gained through repeated, semi-structured interviews, and analysed according to grounded theory. RESULTS: The participants described an atmosphere of distrust in the consultation. They had felt ignored, disregarded and rejected by doctors, and had worked out strategies to keep up medical attention in their search for a creditable diagnosis. They were somatizing, claiming under cover, and pleading, to catch the doctor's interest. In addition, they upheld their self-respect by mystifying and martyrizing themselves and their symptoms, and by condemning physicians as ignorant. DISCUSSION: The patient's consultation experiences are discussed from different aspects; the biomedical framework, the power asymmetry, and the gendered positions of patient and doctor. The findings indicate the importance of making doctors aware of the context behind frustrations in doctor-patient interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of Vietnamese (Hanoi) schoolchildren aged 7-11 years related to parents' occupation and education.

In the spring of 1992 schoolchildren (679 boys and 661 girls) aged 6-12 years in a school in central Hanoi, Vietnam were enrolled for a medical examination including measurements of height and weight. Most of them were measured a second time almost exactly 1 year after the first measurement. Thus, values for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), and their yearly increments were obtained for the ages 7-11 years. When these heights and weights were compared with those for children from Bangkok, Tokyo and Sweden, the Hanoi values were very close to the Bangkok ones. There were overall no significant differences in height, weight, and BMI between children whose parents were of different occupational and educational groups, except for girls whose mothers were workers/farmers, who were shorter (P <0.05), lighter (P <0.01), and had a lower BMI (P <0.05) than girls whose mothers were from upper occupational status (government staff). The overall incidence of low birthweight (<2500 g) was 11 per cent, but this was not associated with either parents' occupation or education. At the time of measurements 31.6% of the children were rated by the doctors as being in 'general bad condition'; there was a higher proportion of girls than boys (P <0.01) and a higher proportion of girls whose mothers were workers/farmers (P <0.001).

Body Height↗
PubMed1996

Causes of vitreous hemorrhage.

It is often a challenge for the ophthalmologist to find the underlying cause of a vitreous hemorrhage. Unless clinical signs clearly point in another direction, the first suspicion should always be a posterior vitreous detachment causing a retinal tear. The other two major causes, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion, remain common complications in spite of recent years' improvement in retinal treatment. Macroaneurysm is one of the most often overlooked causes of vitreous hemorrhage. An ocular tumor sometimes presents with a vitreous hemorrhage. In all cases of dense vitreous hemorrhages, the use of diagnostic ultrasonography is mandatory.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Pubertal stages 1980 of Stockholm schoolchildren.

In March 1980 a cross-sectional study of the pubertal developmental of a sample of Stockholm schoolchildren was conducted. Breast development (B1-B5), pubic hair (PH1-PH5) and axillary hair (AH1-AH3) were rated in 138 girls, and genitalia development (G1-G5), pubic hair (PH1-PH5) and axillary hair (AH1-AH3) were rated in 116 boys according to the Tanner method. The girls' and the boys' ratings were done by one female and one male medically qualified expert respectively. When relating social class to age of pubertal stage no significant differences were found. Median ages for entry to successive pubertal stages as well as centiles were calculated by logistic regression. Girls were somewhat earlier in their breast and pubic hair development than Stockholm girls investigated in earlier studies; however, somewhat later in their development of axillary hair. The boys entered G2 earlier than boys studied in 1970 but entered G5 at exactly the same age, 15.1 years. Boys entered PH2 somewhat later than 1970 boys, but again reached PH5 at exactly the same age, 15.5 years. The present study is based on a more recent and somewhat larger sample of children drawn from a wider area of Stockholm than the earlier studies. It is further suggested that these values be used in the proposed new height and weight reference values for youth in Sweden.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The use of a water extract from the bark of Choerospondias axillaris in the treatment of second degree burns.

Burns are common in Vietnam, and because of economic constraints and limited resources for the import of appropriate treatments, the health authorities are obliged to rely on traditional herbal remedies. It is therefore essential to evaluate current drugs, one of which is the water extract of the bark of the tree Choerospondias axillaris. It has been used for many years in the Vietnam-Sweden hospital at Uong Bi in northern Vietnam. We assessed the efficacy of the remedy in an open, randomised controlled clinical trial, in which 20 patients with second degree burns were treated with the extract of the Choerospondias axillaris and 19 with saline gauze. The mean healing time was significantly shorter for patients treated with Choerospondias axillaris (11 days) compared with patients treated with saline gauze (17 days) (p < 0.01), and the number of wound infections was significantly lower in the Choerospondias axillaris group (7/20 compared with 16/19, p = 0.003). The bark extract was easy to apply and additional wound care was not usually necessary, while the treatment with saline gauze was laborious for both patients and staff and was much more expensive. The extract from Choerospondias axillaris is a convenient treatment for second degree burns in both children and adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Carboxyl-terminal prodomain-deleted human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G are efficiently targeted to granules and enzymatically activated in the rat basophilic/mast cell line RBL.

The hematopoietic neutral serine proteases leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G are synthesized as inactive precursors, but become activated by removal of an amino-terminal dipeptide and are stored in granules. Moreover, the pro forms of elastase and cathepsin G show carboxyl-terminal prodomains of 20 and 11 amino acids, respectively, which are not present in the mature enzymes. To investigate mechanisms of processing, activation, and granular targeting, we have utilized transgenic expression of myeloid serine proteases in the rat basophilic/mast cell line RBL-1 (Gullberg, U., Lindmark, A., Nilsson, E., Persson, A.-M., and Olsson, I. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 25219-25225). Leukocyte elastase was stably expressed in RBL-1 cells, and the translation products were characterized by biosynthetic labeling followed by immunoprecipitation, SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and fluorography. Processing of a main pro form of 34 kDa into mature 31- and 29-kDa forms was demonstrated. Translocation of mature forms to granule-containing fractions was shown by subcellular fractionation experiments. The processed forms were enzymatically active, judging by the occurrence of amino-terminal processing demonstrated by radiosequence analysis, the acquisition of affinity for the protease inhibitor aprotinin, and the appearance of elastase activity in transfected RBL cells. To investigate the function of the carboxyl-terminal prodomains, deletion mutants of leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G lacking the carboxyl-terminal extension were constructed and transfected into RBL cells. Our results show that as full-length proteins, the deletion mutants were converted to active enzymes and transferred to granules with kinetics similar to that of wild-type enzymes. We conclude that human leukocyte elastase and cathepsin G are converted into enzymatically active forms when expressed in RBL cells and targeted for storage in granules; the carboxyl-terminal prodomains are necessary neither for enzymatic activation nor for targeting to granules in RBL cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A prospective study of dense spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage.

PURPOSE: We studied the incidence of vitreous hemorrhage in a well-defined population to determine the underlying causes of such hemorrhages. METHODS: We prospectively studied all eyes with dense spontaneous first-time vitreous hemorrhage during a 2 1/2-year period in the greater Göteborg area (542,000 inhabitants). Follow-up time was one year. RESULTS: Ninety-four patients (95 eyes) were included, corresponding to a yearly incidence of seven cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Because of demographic factors and the organization of Swedish ophthalmologic care, we believe that this is close to the true incidence. The cause of vitreous hemorrhage could be verified in all but four eyes but frequently not until late in the follow-up period. The most common underlying cause was vitreous detachment and traction to a retinal vessel (39 eyes). In 28 of these eyes a retinal tear was also present. Five of these eyes developed a retinal detachment. In 19 eyes, bleeding was caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy. This figure was relatively smaller than in previous studies. Retinal vein occlusion was the cause of hemorrhage in 15 eyes. Retinal macroaneurysm (seven eyes) was an easily overlooked cause, often diagnosed late in the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the common diagnostic difficulties and the frequent need for laser treatment, vitrectomy, or both, it is recommended that eyes with vitreous hemorrhage be followed up in centers with ultrasonographic and surgical expertise.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Swedish population reference standards for height, weight and body mass index attained at 6 to 16 years (girls) or 19 years (boys).

Swedish population reference standards for height, weight and body mass index (BMI) attained at 6 to 16 years (girls) or 19 years (boys) are presented. Data were obtained from two independent nationwide samples of Swedish children; one (740 children) born in 1955, the other (2907 children) born in 1967. The weights of the children born in 1955 were adjusted to equal those born in 1967; heights did not differ. These reference standards refer therefore to Swedish children born at around 1970. The observations were fitted by the power transformation, or L, M, S method of Cole and Green. Weights and BMIs were thus normalized and valid SD scores for individuals obtained. Centile charts are given for clinical use. The means of the present, nationwide standards were 1-2 cm and 1-2 kg greater than those of the Solna-based standards currently in use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Scientific rigour in qualitative research--examples from a study of women's health in family practice.

The increase in qualitative research in family medicine raises a demand for critical discussions about design, methods and conclusions. This article shows how scientific claims for truthful findings and neutrality can be assessed. Established concepts such as validity, reliability, objectivity and generalization cannot be used in qualitative research. Alternative criteria for scientific rigour, initially introduced by Lincoln and Guba, are presented: credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability. These criteria have been applied to a research project, a qualitative study with in-depth interviews with female patients suffering from chronic pain in the locomotor system. The interview data were analysed on the basis of grounded theory. The proposed indicators for scientific rigour were shown to be useful when applied to the research project. Several examples are given. Difficulties in the use of the alternative criteria are also discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1994

Standards for height, weight and head circumference from one month to six years based on Stockholm children born in 1980.

Growth data on height, weight and head circumference were collected from Stockholm children from one month to six years of age, born in 1980, and representing all socio-economic groups. The sample consisted of 2471 children (1264 boys and 1207 girls), most of whom were measured on 10-15 occasions. From these measurements centile standards were constructed using a statistical technique which separates between-individual and within-individual variation, since only the former is appropriate to distance standards. Compared to former Swedish standards the present heights and weights were similar up to 2.0 years of age but thereafter considerably greater. Head circumference was larger throughout, perhaps due to a difference in measurement technique.

Body Height↗