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Biomedical subjects

G Lloyd

Publications and source records attributed to G Lloyd.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Ebola and Marburg viruses: I. Some ultrastructural differences between strains when grown in Vero cells.

A strain of Marburg virus and two strains of Ebola virus grown in Vero cells were compared by electron microscopy. The outer coat of the Marburg virion appeared to be more resistant to erosion by negative staining techniques than that of the Epbola strains. Marburg virus commonly produced "torus" forms and short filaments; the Zaire strain of Ebola produced extensive branched forms and very long filaments; the Sudan strain of Ebola produced shorter, less branched structures but very many aberrant forms. The mechanism for the production of these aberrant forms is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Ebola and Marburg viruses: II. Thier development within Vero cells and the extra-cellular formation of branched and torus forms.

The development of Marburg virus and the Sudanese and Zaire strains of Ebola virus in Vero cells as visualized by electron microscopy is described. Despite differences in timing, all three strains appear to pass through identical stages of development. Initially there is a large increase in nucleolus material, and viral precursor material arranges itself in spirals and then into tubes. The cells fill with core material, which passes to the plasmalemma, which often proliferates. Each virion passes through the plasmalemma, acquiring a coat of host material. The formation of torus forms is discussed; the branched appearance that is often seen is believed to be an aberrant form. The reasons for this view are put forward.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in Aujeszky's disease.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was studied using as targets 51Cr-labelled Vero cells infected with the Bartha strain of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). Using hyperimmune anti-ADV serum to sensitize the targets, porcine leukocytes from dextran-sedimented blood were found to be efficient effector cells yielding maximal 51Cr release by 16 hours. Whilst complement-dependent cytotoxic antibody could be demonstrated no enhancement of ADCC by complement was found. The sera of pigs vaccinated i.m. with Bartha virus were titrated in ADCC using leukocytes as effector cells and the results compared with those obtained by virus neutralization. ADCC proved to be a much more sensitive technique and might, therefore, provide the basis for a reliable diagnostic test. Partially purified lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes from blood and peritoneal exudates, and macrophages from exudates were found to mediate ADCC with hyperimmune serum, but differences were observed in the efficiency and timing of their cytotoxic effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of swab materials and transport media on Aujeszky's disease virus.

The effect of swab materials on the recovery of Aujeszky's disease virus from various transport media held at 4 degrees C was investigated over a five day period. No significant loss in infectivity was found in control preparations, approximately 50 per cent of infectivity was recovered from fluids containing applicator wire and approximately 10 per cent from fluids containing polyester fibre or cotton wool. Virus recovery from fluids containing wooden applicator sticks ranged from no virus recovery in protein free media to from 1 to 10 per cent in protein containing media. Freezing followed by thawing was the most effective of the physical methods used for eluting virus from swab materials.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1977

Experimental infection of monkeys with Herpesvirus suis (Aujeszky's-disease virus).

Monkeys were infected intranasally with Herpesvirus suis. After an incubation period of 7 to 13 days the animals became acutely ill and rapidly died. Clinical signs included salivation, incoordination, ataxia and epileptiform convulsions, but not pruritus. Histopathological changes were confined to the central nervous system, and consisted of destruction of neurones with the formation of intranuclear inclusion bodies, gliosis and perivascular cuffing. Virus was isolated from the brain and spinal cord in the later stages of the illness but neutralising antibodies were not detected in serum. The distribution of lesions indicated direct spread of virus from the inoculation site along cranial nerves to the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of ulcerative colitis with oral disodium cromoglycate. A double-blind controlled trial.

Twelve patients with ulcerative protocolitis were treated for six months with each of oral disodium cromoglycate (2 g/day) and placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial. The active drug significantly improved the patients' sense of well-being and the signoidoscopic and rectal biopsy appearances. Orally administered disodium cromoglycate may have a place in the long-term management of colitis.

Administration, Oral↗