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G Luska

Publications and source records attributed to G Luska.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[X-ray manifestation of early gastric carcinoma (author's transl)].

Evaluation of x-ray films of 44 early carcinomas of the stomach in a total of 163 patients from 1970--1978 confirms the high diagnostic value of x-ray examination with adequate technique. In 93% of the cases lesions caused by the carcinoma were seen. To assess the severity of the roentgenologically detected lesions it will be necessary to perform endoscopic-bioptical examination. Final diagnosis, however, must be left to histological examination of the resected stomach preparations.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

[Computer tomography (CT) in the choice of treatment and the planning of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage in obstructive jaundice due to tumour (author's transl)].

We have performed percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage on 27 patients; of these, thirteen were examined by CT before and after the procedure. Our experience suggests that CT or sonography is indicated every case of obstruction due to tumour in order to: 1. Decide on treatment by a non-invasive method thereby saving the patient an unnecessary laparotomy and 2. Plan the biliary drainage accurately, leading to the lowest possible number of complications.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

[Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterisation in the diagnosis of hormone-producing tumours in the splanchnic area (author's transl)].

During 1980, percutaneous transhepatic portal vein catheterisation was carried out in eight patients with suspected hormone-producing tumours in an attempt to localise these. Seven patients with hyperinsulinism were suspected of having an insulinoma and one a gastrinoma. There were no complications following the catheterisation, and difficulties were reduced by the use of a special catheter. The blood samples were examined by radio-immunological methods for insulin or gastrin. On the basis of localised rise in hormone level, it was possible to diagnose three insulinomas and one gastrinoma in the pancreas. The beta-cell tumours were removed by enucleation or segmental resection, the gastrinoma by a Whipple's operation. Three patients showed an insulin gradient and sub-total pancreatectomies were performed. In one patient there was no definite abnormality in the insulin level and an operation has so far not been performed. Our experience indicates that this technique is difficult, bu is nevertheless a reliable method for localising hormone-producing tumours and surgery should not be carried out without it.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Clinical experience with mammography using grids (author's transl)].

Duplicate examinations were carried out on 122 patients in order to compare the results of mammography using a grid technique (Diagnost U. Müller) with a film-screen systemadn also a conventional set without screens (Mamma-Diagnost, Müller). The results were compared with reference to film quality and dose. The new technique was superior to the conventional method in all respects, independent of the size of the gland. Another advantage of the grid technique was the larger available film size. Dose requirements for grid mammography with a film-screen system was less than for conventional techniques by a factor of about 1.8. The results speak for increased use of the grid technique in clinical practice.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[The chest roentgenogram during artificial respiration (author's transl)].

Chest roentgenography of artificially ventilated persons not only reveals morphological changes in the lungs but may also provide information regarding their pathogenesis and prognosis. To safeguard against misinterpretation of the findings they should be supplemented by blood gas analyses and function tests (e.g. effective compliance of the respiratory system). The chest roentgenogram also apprises of the development, and consequently of the need for treatment, of such complications as interstital emphysema, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[The radiological diagnosis of non-calculous biliary duct obstruction (author's transl)].

A diagnosis of obstructive biliary duct disease was achieved in 80% of 63 patients using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous trans-jugular cholangiography (PTJC) alone or in combination, and taking account of the clinical features. In obstructions of themajor intrahepatic ducts and of the hepatic ducts (type I) a smooth occlusion indicated a carcinoma. Narrow forms of stenoses could not be differentiated, but with a history of previous operation, fibrous strictures were most likely. Obstructions at the point of confluence (type II) showed smooth narrowing if due to fibrous strictures, whereas carcinomas produced an irregular termination. Obstructions of the common bile ducts (type III) resembled those of type II. A smooth termination within the pancreas indicates a pancreatic carcinoma. Inflammatory disease in the head of the pancreas usually produces a tubular stenosis, while cysts of the pancreas result in smooth impressions and displacement.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Transjugular puncture of the portal vein. Portography and selective phlebography of abdominal organs. An experimental study in dogs (author's transl)].

Transjugular transhepatic portography is a new method for catheterising the portal vein and its tributaries. In order to gather experience of the method before applying it clinically, the transvenous approach was studied in six dogs. Transjugular portography has the following advantages as compared with umbilical vein catheterization and percutaneous, transhepatic portal vein catherterisation: 1. Because of the relative positions of the jugular veins, vena cava and portal vein, manipulation of the catheter for selective phlebography is simpler. 2. There is no risk of a haemoperitoneum or bile peritonitis if a correct technique is used since the liver capsule remains intact. 3. In the presence of portal hypertension, it may be possible in future to create an intrahepatic portocaval shunt by the transjugular approach without a major operation. Sclerosis of oesophageal varices is possible, as it is with the other procedures.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Radiology of portal hypertension (author's transl)].

Description of the applications of radiology to portal hypertension, mainly of the 2 most common conditions, the secondary prehepatic block and the intra-hepatic block in cirrhosis of the liver. In prehepatic block the veins in the splanchnic area which will have to be anastomosed to relieve pressure must be shown. This can be done with direct and indirect spleno-portography and by contrasting the proximal and, possibly, the distal mesenteric veins. For intrahepatic postsinusoidal block of cirrhosis of the liver the portal vein and its major contributaries must be shown. In addition, circulation and pressure in the liver and its surroundings have to be elucidated. For this, catheterisation of the umbilical vein and the veins of the liver are suitable. In addition splenoportography and mesentericography have to be used, when transumbilical portohepatography cannot be done.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1976

[The accuracy of radiological and endoscopic examinations in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach (author's transl)].

The accuracy of radiology in the diagnosis of gastric carcinomas was checked on 232 cases, including 24 early examples. Accuracy depends most of all on the experience of the radiologist. Amongst 146 patients, using a satisfactory technique, a carcinoma was diagnosed in 131 patients (90%) and suspected in eight (6%). In five (3%) the changes were misinterpreted as being benign and the lesion was missed in two (1%). Of 120 gastric carcinomas submitted to operation a correct diagnosis had been made radiologically in 88% and suspected in 4%; endoscopically, the diagnosis was made in 92% and suspected in 2%. Of the 24 early carcinomas, both methods suggested the presence of a malignant lesion in 80%. The combination of radiology, endoscopy, hitology and cytology increases accuracy to 95%. These results indicated that localised changes in the gastric mucosa and the wall of the stomach can be demonstrated only by using refined radiological techniques; each lesion should be confirmed by endoscopy and histology.

Diagnostic Errors↗
PubMed1976

[Xeroradiography and its value in the diagnosis of chondrocalcinosis (author's transl)].

Conventional x-ray and xeroradiographic technique were compared in a modified blind study in order to evaluate its efficiency to detect calcifications of the cartilage. Using both techniques knees, hands, and pelvic joints were examined in 16 patients with proven chondrocalcinosis. Three different radiologists evaluated radiological films and xeroradiograms independently. Their results were classified in correct, false negative, and false positive groups. All examiners achieved the best results with xeroradiography. Due to special characteristic features in xeroradiography even fine calcifications were recognized in most cases. By this method the "false negative" results were reduced to almost zero. On the other hand, the twenty percent "false positive" results in conventional radiological technique was eliminated by xeroradiography.

Chondrocalcinosis↗
PubMed1976

[Antegrade visualization of the billiary duct system by percutaneous transjugular cholangiography (author's transl)].

Percutaneous transjugular cholangiography (PTJC) is a new technique for visualization of the biliary duct system and for diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. First experiences of the authors in 22 patients are described. The advantages and disadvantages of this procedure, which at the present time is used rather rarely, are discussed and compared to various other cholangiographic methods. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) was used for patients with obstructive jaundice of unknown origine in the first place. If the biliary duct system could not be visualized by ERC (failure of complete obstruction of the common bile duct), the antegrade technique (PTJC) was performed. The peritoneoscopic and the transjugular cholangiography yield about the same percentage of positive results (90%), as far as visualization of the biliary tree is concerned. However in contrast to the peritoneoscopic methods PTJC seems to bear a smaller risk of complications. Some further diagnostic and therapeutical advantages, which might result from the use of PTJC are pointed out.

Biliary Tract↗