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Biomedical subjects

G M Diukova

Publications and source records attributed to G M Diukova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Psycho-autonomic aspects in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, and functional esophageal disorders].

The subjects of the study were 79 patients (35 with functional esophageal disorders (FED), 24 with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), and 20 with erosive reflux disease (ERD), who were selected on the basis of clinical complaints, 24-hour ph-study, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. All the subjects were evaluated by means of clinical questionnaires and psychological tests: Beck depression test, Spielberg State-Trait Anxiety inventory (STAI), and Toronto alexithymia test (TAS). In FED and NERD patients vs. ERD patients the following abnormalities were observed more frequently: autonomic and functional somatic symptoms (apart from gastrointestinal tract (GIT) complaints) (p < 0.01), sleep disturbances (p < 0.01), fatigue (p < 0.01), eating behavior disorders (DEBQ) (p < 0.05), maternal overprotection in childhood (p < 0.05), psychophysioligical GIT reaction in childhood (p < 0.05), higher levels of state and trait anxiety (p < 0.05), and hypochondria (p < 0.05). The clinical symptom index (CSI) (the sum of stomach and bowel complaints to the sum of esophageal complaints ratio) was calculated. CSI in FED and NERD patients was 1.8, while CSI in ERD patients--0.1 (p < 0). Thus, compared to ERD patients, patients with FED and NERD were characterized by more pronounced emotional, motivational, and autonomic disorders. Besides, CSI demonstrated that the character of gastrointestinal dysfunction was more diffuse in NERD and FED and more local--in ERD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Psychophysiologic disorders in patients with functional disorders of upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract and with gastroesophageal reflux disease].

The features of the psychovegetative status in patients with functional disorders of the esophagus and stomach (FD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are investigated. The methods included clinical, instrumental and psychometric examination. The patients of both groups had similar vegetative abnormalities and a tendency towards the growth of depression and anxiety parameters, did not differ in psychosocial factors, and had a wide range of psychovegetative abnormalities (PA). Lump in the throat, heartburn, epigastralgia (p < 0.01), depression, actual anxiety, alexitymia and vegetative disorders decreased in both groups (p < 0.05) after treatment with citalopram (20 mg per day) during 2 months. So PA are revealed in patients with FD and GERD, and citalopram reduces psychovegetative and GIT disorders.

Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation↗
PubMed2001

[Psychogenic disorders of stance and gait as seen in videotaping].

Psychogenic disorders of stance and gait were studied in 24 hysterical patients by video review analysis. In 30% of the cases, gait disorders were represented by pseudoataxia (gait with crossed legs or ataxia with sudden sidesteps); gait with dragging leg (sometimes with twisted foot and equino-varus posture); gait with flexed and/or buckling knees. Ancle and hip excess mobility, or hypermobility, proved to be rather typical, as well. The disorder types detected might be constant or first manifested themselves only during complicated gait (closed eyes, tandem walking, running). Fallings were the most frequent posture disturbances. An attention was drawn to phenomena indicative of involving environment of patient in symptom (pushing of furniture, falling on the physician) and to involving the means of nonverbal communications (space-touching hands, flailing arms, suffering facial expression etc). Phenomena revealed as a result of our investigation could be used in diagnostics of psychogenic gait and stance disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Autonomic regulation in patients with panic attacks based on longitudinal study data on the variability of the heart rhythm].

During a repeated study in recumbent position as well as during 48-hour monitoring of the indices of variability of RR intervals of ECG (MDRR) in patients with panic attacks (PA) a stable dominance of VLF (0.07-0.01 Hz) and rigidity of the spectrum typical for patients with panic attacks (PA) in period between the attacks was found. Prevalence of fear emotions as well as accompanying hypothalamic insufficiency were also associated with a decrease of HF. In prodromic period, in attack and after it, there was no dynamics in the frequency of heart's contractions, but there was a sharp increase of MDRR. In prodromic period VLF and LF considerably increased, while HF decreased. In a moment of a panic attack LF and HF continued to increase, while VLF significantly lowered. Activation of vasomotor (LF), vagal (HF) and cerebral (VLF) mechanisms was maintained during 5 minutes of the study after PA completion with a clear predominance of LF component.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[New approaches to diagnosis of hysteria].

Postural stability or fluctuation of general centre of gravity (GCG) was investigated in 14 patients with hysteric motor disorders(alterations of statics and walking, pseudopareses) by means of stabilograph. Comparative groups included 7 patients with hemipareses of vascular origin, 7 patients with multiple sclerosis with spastico and atactic disturbances and 7 healthy individuals. The amplitudes of GCG fluctuations in both sagittal and frontal planes as well as their correlations were analysed. It was shown that amplitude of GCG vibration was maximal in hysteriac patients. However patterns of regulation of postural control in hysteriac patients (correlation of amplitudes of vibrations in sagittal and frontal planes) were similar to those of healthy individuals and differed significantly from organic models.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The efficacy of alprazolam in the therapy of panic disorders].

22 patients with panic disorder (diagnosis according to ICD-10) were treated with alprazolam (monotherapy) in a dose of 1-2,5 mg/daily during 6 weeks. Disappearance of panic attacks was observed in 59% of cases while in 27% of patients they arose more rarely. The drug's antipanic action was revealed during second week of treatment. The side-effects were typical for benzodiazepine preparations. No one patient refused of drug administration in connection with side-effects development. Prognostically unfavourable signs were found: the high frequency of panic attacks, the presence of atypical marked permanent symptoms in attack structure, as well as the steady vegetative disturbances presence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Neurological masks of hysteria].

The authors consider motor disorders in terms of hysterical, hysteroid and pseudohysterical (organic) disorders. Three groups of patients served as clinical models: patients with hysterical syndromes (150 cases), patients with hysteroid syndromes in organic lesions of the brain (9 cases) and patients with pseudohysterical syndromes (torsion dystonia syndromes taken for hysteria (39 cases). For evaluation of the brain mechanisms underlying motor symptoms in psychogenic and some organic disturbances a linguistic motor model by A. Cools is proposed.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1994

[Neurological approaches to the diagnosis of hysteria].

Hysterical neurological disturbances are encountered in 13% of neurological patients. The analysis of 150 hysteria cases and literature data provided the basis for positive diagnosis of hysterical neurological symptom. The principles involve the knowledge of typical hysteria manifestations, usage of special diagnostic tests and examination methods.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1992

[The clinical polymorphism of autonomic crises (panic attacks)].

Overall 42 patients with vegetative crises (panic attacks) were subjected to a clinico-psychopathological analysis. In the structure of the crisis together with 14 typical symptoms (in accordance with DM-III criteria), account was taken of 11 atypical symptoms represented by functional neurological phenomena ("chunk" in the throat, weakness in the limbs, mutism, loss of consciousness, and so forth). Depending on the correlation of the typical and atypical symptoms in the crisis 3 subgroups were distinguished. In subgroup A, the portion of the typical symptoms as regards the typical ones was less than 30%, in subgroup B, it was from 30 to 50%, and in subgroup C over 50%. The characteristic features of the crises and of the interparoxysmal period were compared in the above-indicated subgroups. The comparative analysis has demonstrated the same representation of the typical symptom-complex in all the three subgroups and allowed one to identify definite clinical features characteristic of each of the subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of autonomic crises (attacks of panic)].

The paper treats of the data on the treatment of 69 patients with vegetative crises (panic attacks) with amitriptyline and clonazepam by the double blind placebo control method. The efficacy of amitriptyline was 77% versus 42% (placebo); that of clonazepam was 84% versus 35% (placebo). The clinical predictors of the placebo efficacy and of each of the drugs in the treatment of the conditions in question have been established.

Amitriptyline↗
PubMed1990

[Cerebral form of glutamate dehydrogenase activity in autonomic paroxysms (attacks of panic)].

A study was made of the activity of the cerebral form of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in 59 patients suffering from vegetative paroxysms (VP), 8 patients with multiple sclerosis and 15 normal test subjects. As compared to the normal test subjects, the patients with VP manifested higher activity and lability of the enzyme. The patients with VP demonstrating the "labile" and "stable" enzyme were subjected to a clinicopsychological analysis which revealed a graver disease course and more pronounced anxiety in the group with the "stable" enzyme. The role of GDH in the pathogenesis of VP is under discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of sympathetic and parasympathetic mechanisms of regulation in autonomic paroxysms].

Patients with autonomic paroxysms (AP) and hysterical attacks (HA) have been examined with the use of ECG wave structure analysis. Domination of slow and reduction of respiratory waves reflect the background stress of the sympathetic and insufficiency of vagal mechanisms with rigidity of heart rhythm pulsation structure in AP patients or excessive reactivity to emotional stress in HA patients. The efficacy of beta-adrenoblocker anaprilin and diazepam and the inefficacy of alpha-adrenoblocker phentolamine for AP treatment are validated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Paroxysmal conditions in neuroses].

Sixty-eight patients with paroxysmal conditions of neurotic genesis were examined. The patients' condition was marked by demonstrative (hysterical) attacks and vegetovascular crises (panic attacks). The clinical and psychophysiological analyses were made. The clinical criteria were elaborated for differential diagnosis of vegetative crises in hysterical and obsessive-phobic neuroses. The psychophysiological patterns are provided, characteristic of the whole patients' group with neurotic paroxysms and specific patterns for different types of paroxysms are distinguished.

Adult↗