Ultrasonic diagnosis of a choroid plexus neoplasm in a child.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G M Hendry.
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Percutaneous nephrostomy using ultrasound guidance with the pigtail catheter is very useful in dealing with problems associated with pelvic hydronephrosis in children. It is safe, easy to perform and free of complications. Three cases are presented with a note on the technique. The role of percutaneous nephrostomy in pelviureteric junction obstruction in children is outlined.
We have compared barium swallow with a radionuclide gastro-oesophageal scintigraphy (milk scan) method of detecting gastro-oesophageal reflux in 26 infants. In 17 cases, presenting as near miss sudden infant death syndrome, reflux was detected in 2 by barium swallow and in 8 by scintigraphy. In the remaining 9 infants with suspected pulmonary aspiration, reflux was demonstrated by barium swallow in 2 and by scintigraphy in four. Aspiration after gastro-oesophageal reflux was demonstrated only by the radionuclide scan. The feasibility of recording physiological variables during periods of reflux was confirmed.
A retrospective study was made of 9 patients with congenital lobar emphysema who presented over the past 13 years. The ages of the patients at diagnosis ranged from 2 weeks to 10 years. The earlier the presentation, the more severe were the symptoms. Two patients were misdiagnosed initially at the referring hospitals with near disastrous results. Pitfalls in diagnosis are outlined and the various investigative procedures discussed. A flow chart for the diagnostic approach is presented. Treatment was usually by lobectomy but 2 older children presenting late with mild symptoms were managed conservatively with satisfactory results.
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Plasma alkaline phosphatase activity was measured in 349 infants aged between 5 and 10 days to establish a normal range for different gestational ages. Significant differences were observed between term and preterm infants, the highest values being associated with the shortest lengths of gestation. Plasma calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured sequentially in 51 preterm infants less than 1500 g at birth. A significant correlation was found between raised plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and radiological changes of osteoporosis, metaphyseal change, and periosteal reaction. Plasma alkaline phosphatase appears to be of value in screening for and monitoring rickets of prematurity.
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