Focal distribution of surface marker enzymes after long-term culture of adult rat bladder epithelium and methylnitrosourea (NNU)-induced bladder tumors.
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Alkaline Phosphatase↗
Biomedical subjects
G M Hodges
Publications and source records attributed to G M Hodges.
Colloidal gold probes--a further evaluation.
Colloidal gold provides an immuno- and cytochemical marker suitable both for TEM and SEM. Various parameters involved in the preparation and stability of gold markers of various sizes and of probes have been reviewed and modifications in methodology suggested based on a study of factors affecting the performance of the gold marker system. In particular, dependence of protein adsorption on pH conditions correlating with protein pI is further confirmed. Presence of bioactive protein in gold probes is demonstrated and quantitated by radioassay (125I) and agglutination procedures.
Cell Line↗
Epithelial-stromal interactions in normal and chemical carcinogen-treated adult bladder.
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Animals↗
Scanning electron microscopy of cell-surface changes in methylnitrosurea (MNU)-treated rat bladders in vivo and in vitro.
Scanning electron microscopy has been used (1) to characterize epithelial cells of bladders from normal rats and from rats treated with a single initiating but non-carcinogenic dose of 2 mg methylnitrosurea (MNU), 24 h and 6 weeks after treatment; and (2) to compare morphological aspects of epithelial differentiation in organ culture of bladder explants taken from untreated and MNU-treated rats at these time intervals. There are marked differences in vivo between the surface organization of normal urothelium and urothelium undergoing reversible hyperplasia following MNU treatment. Maturation of the normal rat bladder epithelium in vivo is shown to be related to a series of well-defined cell-surface changes readily identified by SEM. By contrast the maturation response is perturbed in the hyperplastic epithelium; the cells lose their ability to differentiate normally and form instead an excess of stubby globular microvilli which project from the cell surface. In organ culture, maturation of normal bladder epithelium (both in re-epithelialized areas of the explant and in areas of epithelial outgrowth over cellulose acetate substrates) can be also related to a series of cell surface changes showing close similarities to those in vivo. However, epithelial maturation remains defective in organ cultures of bladders from MNU-treated animals. The closely parallel behaviour of the bladder epithelium in vivo and in vitro in both normal and treated tissues underlines the potential value of the bladder organ culture system for studying the comparative biology of hyperplastic development produced by a single initiating dose of MNU and suggests it will be useful with which to study carcinogenesis following multiple doses of MNU.
Animals↗
Chemically-defined medium for growth and differentiation of mixed epithelial and connective tissues in organ culture.
The effect on tissue differentiation and growth in vitro of certain of the factors implicated in collagen synthesis (ascorbic acid, alpha-ketoglutarate and oxygen) and the influence of hydrocortisone was studied using organ cultures of fetal mouse mandible as a mixed epithelial and connective tissue system. Using serum-free Waymouth's MB 752/1 chemically-defined medium, addition of high levels of ascorbic acid (300mug per ml), hydrocortisone (1mug per ml) and oxygen (95%) enhanced differentiation in a number of tissues, in particular skin and appendages, tooth germs and bone, while osteoid and dentine production were noticeable promoted. It is suggested that an essential aspect of media design for organ culture involves the incorporaation of collagen-promoting factors to the in vitro enviornment particularly with regard to the controlling role implicated for collagen in a variety of biological processess.
Animals↗
Organ culture of the avian and mammalian otocyst.
A chemically defined medium supplemented with serum has proved suitable for the growth of the isolated embryonic otocyst of both avian and mammalian provenience. The results lend further support to the value of the technique and confirm the findings of previous authors. [A film was presented.]
Animals↗