Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to G M Iarmol'chuk.
The ability of highly active antimicrobial biochemical stabilizers to sustain samples (T = 4 degrees C to 8 degrees C) till biochemical analysis in 20-50 days was tested. A new generation of delayed biochemical assays with the use of these stabilizers can be invoked in metabolic studies of cosmonauts and aviators, personnel of atomic submarines, pole explorers and other occupational groups.
9-Triphenylphosphoniomethylphenanthrene chloride (9-TC) is a highly effective antibacterial biochemical stabilizer of the urea, which, used in concentrations 0.6 to 2.45 mmoles/liter, stabilizes its content in the serum for 990 days. Control specimens are prepared as follows: 100 ml of human or animal blood serum is added to 900 ml of 1.82 mmole aqueous solution of 9-TC, mixed, 24 h stored at 4-8 degrees C, and centrifuged. The resultant centrifugate is used as reference specimen for controlling urea measurements by the diacetylmonoxime method.
Quaternary monophosphonium compound 1-triphenyl phosphoniomethyl naphthalene bromide stabilizes blood serum samples and preserves the activity of ceruloplasmin (CP 1.16.3.1) intact for 30 days. For preparing the reference material, 10 ml of serum is added to 190 ml of 1.55 mM solution of this compound, left for 24 h at 4-8 degrees C, poured in small flasks, stored at the same temperature, and used as reference material as needed for checking up the correctness of ceruloplasmin measurements in biochemical laboratories.
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Quaternary bis-ammonium compound No. 82 (QAC-82) is a highly effective antibacterial biochemical stabilizer of total protein. In concentrations of 3.4-13.6 mmol/liter, it preserves the content of protein in the blood serum for 40 days at 18-20 degrees C. For preparing reference material, 5 ml human or animal serum is added to 95 ml 5.25 mM aqueous solution of QAC-82, mixed, stored at room temperature, and used for assessing the quality of total protein measurements by the biuret method.
9,10-bismethyltriphenylphosphoniumanthracene iodide (BPA) in concentrations 1.25-3.75 mmole/liter stabilizes blood serum and preserves glucose in it for 990 days at 4-8 degrees C. For preparing reference material, 200 ml human or animal serum is added to 800 ml 3.125 mM BPA solution, mixed, exposed for 24 h at 4-8 degrees C, centrifuged, the resultant preparation is stored at the same temperature and used as reference material for assessing the quality of glucose measurements by o-toluidine method at biochemical laboratories. The reference material is fit for tests for at least 990 days.
Quaternary bis-ammonium salt No. 81 in concentrations of 0.2 to 1.62 mmoles/liter stabilizes the bile and preserves the bilirubin content unchanged in it for 120 days of storage in the dark at room temperature. In order to prepare the reference sample, 0.04 mmoles of this chemical is dissolved in 100 ml of the first-fifth portions of the bile, mixed, disposed in small flasks, and stored in the dark at 18-20 degrees C. This reference material is fit for quality control of bilirubin measurements in the bile by the Van den Berg test for 120 days.
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Mature white male rats were used to study effects of hypophysectomy and STH on sugar content after fasting and after reiterated glucose loading. Morphological and morphometrical investigation of the pancreatic endocrine tissue were made. Zinc content and distribution in the pancreas, as well as aldehydefuchsinophil granulation in B-cells of the islets of Langergans were studied. Hypophysectomy was stated to increase functional activity of the pancreatic insular apparatus. Injection of STH for 9 days resulted in the stimulation of the cells in the insular apparatus. Prolonged injection of STH (for 20 days) produced exhaustion of the pancreatic insular apparatus.
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We have studied 36 chemical compounds. Moreover bromide 9,10-bismethyltriphenylphosphoniumantracene has been found to stabilize bioassays and preserve their glucose content unchanged for a period of 75-990 days. Due to its use a delayed technique of a quantitative assessment of glucose in biologic objects has been elaborated characterized by universal novelty. It may be used with the aim of studying metabolic processes in the cosmonauts body, atomic submarine crews members of polar, alpine, desert, underwater, space and other expeditions which cannot be accompanied by a biochemical laboratory.
It was found in experiments on male albino rats that hypophysectomy was accompanied by an increase of potassium (on account of its accumulation in the mitochondria, nuclei and the microsomes) and copper in the liver. At the same time there was an increase in this organ of tha activity of Mg-2+-Na-+-K-+-ATPase and Mg-+-ATPase, and also a rise of ceruloplasmin activity in the blood serum. STH and TTH restored the sodium content to the normal and increased potassium level in the liver of hypophysectomized rats. ACTH and STH increased copper content in the hepatic tissue and normalized the activity of ceruloplasmin in the blood. All the hormones used promoted normalization of ATP-ase activity.
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The suggested method consists in incubation of the homogenate of the tissue under study with a solution of 0.5% p-phenylene diamine hydrochloride. The forming stained products of the reaction are extracted with butanol. The extracts obtained is photometered at a wave of 582 nm. The activity of ceruloplasmin is expressed by arbitrary units per 1 mg of protein.
Intramuscular injection of decamin into the animals in a dose of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg has no significant effect on carbohydrate metabolism in the liver of white rats. Decamethoxin and levorin injected in the same doses, specifically in a dose of 1 mg/kg, reduced the level of glucose as well as that of total and free glycogen in the liver. The drugs lowered also the activity of phosphorylase and glocoso-6-phosphatase. Meanwhile the activity of hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and phosphoglucosiomerase was potentiated. The animals given decamethoxin showed the aforesaid parameters returning to normal 20 days after the drug was discontinued, whereas similar changes were not found in the rats on levorin.