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Biomedical subjects

G M Kramer

Publications and source records attributed to G M Kramer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

The case for ostectomy--a time-tested therapeutic modality in selected periodontitis sites.

Although ostectomy has been proven in numerous studies to be an effective means of reducing pocket depth, some clinicians still question its merits. To determine the efficacy of ostectomy for the treatment of periodontitis, 870 pairs of presurgical and postsurgical radiographs of sites treated by ostectomy were examined. The postsurgical radiographs, taken 5 to 30 years postoperatively, revealed distinct lamina dura and demonstrated that ostectomy is an effective and predictable technique for intercepting the progressive loss of attachment in selected sites with periodontitis.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMed1992

Surgical alternatives in regenerative therapy of the periodontium.

Surgical alternatives in regenerative therapy are presented, along with an explanation of the author's rationale and indications for treatment. These alternatives are lesion, site, and patient dependent. The techniques are described and illustrated in several cases to support the thesis that a multifaceted approach to regeneration is necessary.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed1990

Surgical pocket reduction.

It is not possible within the scope of this paper to describe in any detail each of the aforementioned procedures. These can be found in the various textbooks and journals on clinical periodontology. Instead, the objectives of treatment, the spectrum of techniques available, and the rationale for their use have been described. Periodontal surgery should be performed only under certain conditions: the patient must be physically and mentally competent to undergo any type of surgery, and should understand and agree to the procedure and to postoperative management. Finally, periodontal surgery should only be considered when nonsurgical therapy will not accomplish the desired result. When periodontal surgery for pocket elimination is performed for selected defects that have been properly evaluated after a debridement and healing period, and is executed with technical competence and proper postoperative care, it can preserve the dentition affected by periodontal disease.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

The influence of prosthetic stem stiffness and of a calcar collar on stresses in the proximal end of the femur with a cemented femoral component.

UNLABELLED: We used three-dimensional finite-element models of the proximal end of the femur to examine the influence of stem material, stem geometry, and the use of a calcar collar on the stresses in and around implanted total hip-replacement femoral components. Anatomical bone geometries and realistic prosthetic geometries were considered. A slender titanium-alloy stem with a collar allows creation of calcar stresses of approximately 80 per cent of the anticipated normal levels. A similar stem of cobalt-chromium alloy creates calcar stresses of 67 per cent of these normal values. Stem designs without a collar were shown to generate no more than 40 per cent of normal values while larger, stiffer stems were seen to create less than 30 per cent of normal values, with or without a collar. Proximal cement stresses were increased by the use of titanium-alloy stems, but were reduced to low levels by a functioning collar. The highest cement stresses in the system were found near the tip of the stem, where titanium-alloy stems create lower stresses than do corresponding cobalt-chromium-alloy stems. The achievability of calcar loading with a titanium prosthesis was demonstrated in in vitro strain-gauge tests. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Loosening of the femoral stem and calcar resorption are problems that are seen in many long-term clinical series of total hip prostheses. In order to reduce the incidence of these problems, the goal of the designer of a prosthesis is to reduce cement and cement interface stresses around the femoral stem and to create stress distributions in the bone that will prevent resorption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1980

[Pathogenetic characteristics of experimental traumatic osteomyelitis (immunological and bacteriological aspects)].

The model of osteomyelitis was created in dogs by the method of Ilizarov, Stetsula and Kramer; as a result, a typical picture of the disease was obtained. The maximum survival time of the animals was 1 year. The inoculation of the infective agent into the osteotomy zone at an early period (1 hour after the operation) resulted in the complete suppression of the phagocytic activity of leukocytes and in the rapid rise of the lysozyme level. The staphylococcal strain causing the disease could be detected in the blood during 19 weeks, and in discharges from wounds and fistulas during 14 weeks of observation. The failure of the phagocytic activity of leukocytes at the initial stage resulted seemingly in the appearance and further development of the infectious process. The humoral nonspecific immunity factors under the study (complement and lysozyme) seemed to play no essential role at the initial stage. In the course of traumatic osteomyelitis at a later stage the specific factor, staphylococcal antitoxin, acquired the primary importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Calculus attachment. Review of the literature and new findings.

This study was undertaken in order to provide current information relative to the modes of calculus attachment to tooth surfaces. A total of 63 freshly extracted teeth were fixed, sectioned, and conventionally prepared for light, transmission electron, and scanning electron microscopic examination. Previously reported histologic findings of cuticular attachment, mechanical locking into undercuts, and direct attachment of calculus matrix to the tooth surface were affirmed. The claim of bacterial penetration as a mode of attachment has been rejected. Ultrastructural evidence of cuticular attachment has been presented for the first time via a series of scanning electron micrographs. The most frequently encountered method of attachment was found to be the apparent melding of calculus matrix to the surface of cementum. In many instances, these two substances were virtually indistinguishable.

Bacteria↗