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Biomedical subjects

G Mészáros

Publications and source records attributed to G Mészáros.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic women in Hungary. An epidemiological and cost-effectiveness analysis.

BACKGROUND: A multicenter survey was carried out in order to determine the prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the population of asymptomatic women in Hungary. Results were used to carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis of screening for chlamydial infection in women with asymptomatic genital infections. METHODS: The non-amplified nucleic acid hybridization method (PACE 2 Gen-Probe) was used to diagnose C. trachomatis and Bayes' theorem was applied to assess the prevalence of the infection. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to differentiate the risk factors for chlamydial infections. RESULTS: According to the test, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis among 1300 pregnant women was 4.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of the test are estimated to be 70% and 99%, respectively. After Bayes' correction, the overall estimated prevalence of chlamydial infection was 5.1%. There were significant differences in proportions of chlamydial infection in different regions, and also in different age groups and different family status groups. The highest rate was for women aged below 20 years: 16.9%. Cost-effectiveness analysis, with associated sensitivity analysis was carried out for women aged below 20 years. Three screening strategies were compared: using the ELISA method, using amplified Gen-Probe method and no screening. The amplified Gen-Probe method was best provided, the infection prevalence exceeded 16.7%, the PID rate exceeded 24% and the probability of tubal infertility in untreated women exceeded 25%. CONCLUSION: We conclude that screening with amplified Gen-Probe assays (followed by treatment of positive patients) is the preferred screening strategy for young women in Hungary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Chlamydia trachomatis infection and the risk of perinatal mortality in Hungary.

INTRODUCTION: Chlamydial infections of the genital tract are thought to often lead to preterm birth, which is the most important perinatal problem in Hungary. AIM OF STUDY: A multicenter study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection, risk factors for the infection and to relate the infection to perinatal mortality, accounting for potential confounding effects. METHODS: The nucleic acid hybridization method (PACE2 Gen-Probe) was applied for the examination of Chlamydia trachomatis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk. RESULTS: A total of 6156 pregnancy women were examined for the occurrence of Chlamydia trachomatis. The observed overall rate of chlamydial infection was 5.9%. Young age (less than 24 years old) (OR and 95% CI: 1.6 (1.3-2.0)), unmarried status (1.5 (1.2-1.9)) and the high unemployment rate (2.1 (1.6-2.7)) were statistically significant predictors of the infection. In logistic regression analysis, chlamydial infection (1.9 (1.1-3.3)), high unemployment rate (1.5 (1.2-2.2)) and low birth weight (1.7 (1.1-2.7) were significant predictors of perinatal mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Testing pregnant women for diseases that can be transmitted perinatally is an important part of obstetric care. Screening for C. trachomatis of unmarried women under 24 years of age is suggested and need increased observation during labor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Potentials of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in Hungary: cost-benefit analysis].

Untreated chlamydial infections of the genital tract may cause a wide range of serious complications, which could be prevented by screening. Cost-effectiveness analysis based on previously reported epidemiological study among pregnant women was carried out to develop and evaluate cost-effectiveness of age-based screening (women younger than 20 years old) for Chlamydia trachomatis in Hungary. Three kind of screening strategies were used: a) no screening, b) screening by using ELISA test and c) screening by amplified Gen-Probe diagnostic test. Young age and unmarried status were significant predictors of the chlamydial infection. Prevalence of chlamydial infection was 11.4% in the group of age younger then 20 years. Strategy b) was more cost-effective than neither testing nor treating. Strategy c) was less cost-effective than non screening, unless certain conditions were satisfied. If the cost of the diagnostic test were less or equal than 2,000 HUF or the prevalence of infection in women were greater than 17%, screening strategy c) would be more cost-effective than no screening. Although screening by using ELISA test was more cost-effective than screening by amplified Gen-Probe test, additionally 10,000 infected cases could be prevented using amplified Gen-Probe method for screening Chlamydia trachomatis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Problems of treating burn injuries in Hungary in the light of advancements during the last half century].

Until the middle of 20th century the burnt patients were treated on dermatological departments, and skin transplantations were performed after the regular conservative wound care too late and rarely. By reason of the medical experiences of the 2nd World War special departments were founded for the burn-injured patients, it happened likewise in our country in 1953 as well. The specialists recognized that the burn injury causes a general disease (multiple organ failure), moreover only an aggressive surgical tactics can product any good results. The author presents the progress and problems of Hungarian burn treatment since 1953. A significant part of the burnt patients has been treated firstly not in burn departments, and sometimes the first therapy is insufficient, because the national medical training for cure of burnt patients is deficient. For this reason the author gives a simple treatment guide for the first two postburn days, and finally he summarizes the conditions of advance.

Burn Units↗
PubMed1999

A novel normalized retention factor in micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Characteristic properties of the expression k'' = (t(m)-t(o))/(t(mc)-t(o)) and its applicability in micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) were compared to the previous expression, k' = (t(m)-t(o))/t(o)(1-t(m)/t(mc)), introduced by Terabe. It was proved with theoretical calculations (curve shape analysis) that the properties of function k'' are in full accordance with the properties of the MEKC system and k'' could be applied advantageously to characterize hydrophobicity of the analytes. This conclusion is now supported by experimental data obtained with homolog series of alkylbenzenes and alkylphenones as well as with hydrophobic protected peptides. Migration times, k', k'' values, and software-calculated hydrophobicity data are summarized and analyzed in the present study. Since k'' is a normalized parameter, good relationships between the migration time, the software-calculated hydrophobicity, and the k'' values were obtained. Differences in hydrophobicity of the analytes could be estimated in a more realistic way with the aid of function k'' than by using function k'. Hydrophobicity data estimated on the basis of the k'' values proved to be in good accordance with the expectations based on the migration times and on the chemical structures of the compounds investigated.

Benzene↗
PubMed1999

[Preparation and characterization of potential antineoplastic agents].

A parallel combinatorial library of over sixteen hundred compounds has been designed and synthesized for the development of new potential peptidomimetic protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor leads that is aimed for intervening with the substrate binding site of the pp60c-src enzyme. The new structures were based on known PTK inhibitors having at least two variously substituted aromatic moieties attached by spacer groups of different length and flexibility. Eleven bis-aryl type inhibitory compounds were found in the range of 18-100 micromolar IC50 concentrations from combinations of twelve different substituents. Molecular modeling of the active compounds showed a characteristic distance of 13-14 A between the farthest sp2 carbon atoms of the two aromatic rings. Conformational analysis of several peptide substrates recently found for pp60c-src PTK [5,6,7] showed that the energy minimized conformers had the same distance between two aromatic moieties. Several compounds in the library not only showed remarkable PTK inhibitory activity but also a significant apoptosis inducing effect on HT-29 human colon tumor cells.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1998

The frequency and the role of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in premature labor.

OBJECTIVE: The importance of Chlamydia trachomatis (C. tr.) infection in the etiology of premature labor was examined in a prospective, representative, multicenter study. METHOD: Specimens were collected from 6161 subjects in seven centers and examined by the Gen-Probe method. RESULTS: The infection rate was 5.74%. There were no significant correlations between low birth weight, premature rupture of the membranes, dysmaturity and C. tr. infection. In cases of threatening premature labor, the infection rate was significantly higher in C. tr.-positive patients. In the event of combined low birth weight and perinatal death, the maternal C. tr. infection rate was significantly higher than in normal pregnancies. C. tr.-positive patients treated with roxithromycin had term deliveries. A correlation between poor social circumstances and a high C. tr. infection rate could be proved. CONCLUSION: Cases with a poor obstetric history and/or socially high-risk patients should be screened for C. tr. infection, and in positive cases treatment is recommended.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

Epidemiological study of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant women in Hungary.

A multicentre survey was carried out in order to determine the prevalence and risk factors of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the pregnant population in Hungary. The nucleic acid hybridisation method (PACE 2 Gen-Probe) was applied for the examination of C trachomatis. The overall average prevalence of C trachomatis cases during an 18 month survey on 6161 pregnant women was 5.87%. There were significant differences in the proportions of chlamydial infection in the different survey centres, and also in the different age groups and the different family status groups. The perinatal mortality rate exhibited a significantly higher prevalence (8.52%) among C trachomatis positive than among negative patients (2.03%). In the anamnestic histories of C trachomatis infected patients, the frequency of premature uterine activity was 8.13%, in contrast with 5.18% in the non-infected group (p < 0.05). We suggest that all pregnant women be tested for C trachomatis infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Ascorbate as a substrate for glycolysis or gluconeogenesis: evidence for an interorgan ascorbate cycle.

Ascorbate catabolism was investigated in murine and human cells unable to synthesize ascorbate due to the missing gulonolactone oxidase activity. In HepG2 cells the addition of ascorbate or dehydroascorbate resulted in high glucose production, while human erythrocytes, MCF7 cells and the cellular elements of the murine blood were able to metabolize ascorbate or dehydroascorbate to lactate. The oxidative agent menadione stimulated, while the transketolase inhibitor oxythiamine inhibited, the metabolism of dehydroascorbate in each of these three cell types. Our results suggest that ascorbate breakdown through the pentose phosphate pathway can reach the glycolytic/gluconeogenic route in different cells. In ascorbate synthesizing species the ascorbate-lactate route in peripheral cells may form a catabolic branch of an interorgan ascorbate cycle, where hepatocytes are responsible for ascorbate synthesis. The catabolic part of this cycle using exogenous ascorbate could be demonstrated even in humans cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a low-risk population in Hungary.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis in women. Because of the recent increases in the numbers of new cases and severe consequences, there is an urgent demand for the introduction of sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic methods. GOAL: A multicenter examination involving seven centers was sponsored by the Hungarian Ministry of Health and Welfare in order to provide a survey of Chlamydia trachomatis in the gravid population. 6,161 women were tested between 1994 to 1995. STUDY DESIGN: The seven centers were selected with regard to different aspects, from developed and less developed areas in the capital, two large provincial towns, and various other provincial regions reflecting either an industrial or an agricultural background. The nucleic acid hybridization method (PACE 2 Gen-Probe, San Diego, CA) was introduced in this low-risk population for the examination of Chlamydia trachomatis. In one center, a further two methods, antigen detection by ELISA (SYVA, CA) and cultivation on the McCoy cell line (staining with SYVA FITC-labeled antichlamydia monoclonal antibody), were applied. RESULTS: International surveys and experience indicate that the proportion of the population threatened by Chlamydia trachomatis is above 10%. The overall average incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis cases in this low-risk gravid population was 5.74%. The data from the different centers ranged between 1.6% and 9.7%. The chlamydia-infected Hungarian gravid population is below the critical 10%, but there is one Hungarian county where the value is close to 10%. CONCLUSIONS: In this provincial, industrial area, the number of unmarried and divorced gravida in a low economic situation is disproportionately high. For this disadvantaged population, permanent Chlamydia trachomatis screening was suggested. In the other centers, screening of pregnant women for Chlamydia trachomatis and the treatment of positive cases and their partners were suggested for pathological gravida with preterm labor and preterm rupture of the membranes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The inhibitory effect of nitrite, a stable product of nitric oxide (NO) formation, on arginase.

Macrophages contain arginase and an inducible NO synthase, demonstrated by using L-arginine, the common substrate, for production of both nitric oxide and urea. Arginase was inhibited by nitrite, the stable end product of NO. This inhibition was non-competitive, and could not be explained by the reaction of nitrite with arginine, or by the irreversible covalent modification of arginase, or by the removal of Mn2+, a cofactor of arginase.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of macromolecular branched chain polypeptides by capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

Amphoteric poly(Lys-[Glu1.0-DL-Ala4.1]), (EAK) and anionic poly(Lys-Ac-Glu0.98-DL-Ala3.98]), (AcEAK) branched chain polypeptides were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) and micellar elektrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) in the following buffers. A1: 0.25 N triethyl ammonium phosphate (TEAP) buffer (pH 2.25); A2: 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in buffer A1; B1: Na-borate buffer (pH 7.7); B2: 100 mM SDS in buffer B1; C1: Na-borate buffer (pH 11.0); C2: 100 mM SDS in buffer C1. Both EAK and AcEAK could be separated by a CE mechanism at pH 2.25 and by an MEKC mechanism at pH 11.0. Optimum results were achieved with CE in buffer A1 and with MEKC in buffer C2.

Buffers↗
PubMed1996

Calcium-dependent nitric oxide synthesis is potently stimulated by tetrahydrobiopterin in human primordial placenta.

Homogenized first trimester human placenta exhibits both Ca(2+)-dependent (90-95 per cent) and Ca(2+)-independent (5-10 per cent) nitric oxide (NO)-synthesizing activities. Addition of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) to homogenates containing Ca2+ in maximally activating concentrations (> 0.5 microM) results in a further 2-2.5-fold activation of NO synthesis, with half-maximal stimulation observed at 26 +/- 8.2 microM BH4 (mean +/- SEM, n = 4). Chelation of Ca2+ in the medium abolishes the stimulatory effect, indicating that only a Ca2(+)-dependent NO-synthase (NOS) isoform is activated by BH4. Based on our previous findings, we suggest that this isoform is the endothelial or Type III NOS. Importantly, BH4 has no significant effect on the Ca2(+)-dependency of NOS activity, the apparent Km values for Ca2+ are comparable in the absence (1.8 +/- 0.4 microM, mean +/- SEM, n = 6) or presence (2.5 +/- 0.6 microM, mean +/- SEM, n = 6) of 50 microM BH4. The BH4 content of these placentae is 207.4 +/- 86.7 pmol/g wet tissue (mean +/- s.d., n = 9), therefore, BH4 added to the homogenate does not simply restore the concentrations that occur endogenously. The results provide the first evidence that in the early human placenta, a constitutively expressed CA 2(+)-dependent NOS isoform is stimulated by exogenous BH4, raising the possibility that BH4 is an important regulator of NOS activity in this tissue. This novel aspect of the NO-generating pathway may have implications in the aetiology and treatment of pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia.

Arginine↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of thermally injured patients with Betadine solution and cream.

The effect of Betadine solution and cream was examined in the treatment of burn patients (23 documented and about 200 non-documented) during the first six months of 1991. The laboratory examinations did not reveal changes in T3, T4, TSH values. Renal failure due to iodine absorption was not observed. Hypersensitivity to the agent was not recorded. Healing of superficial and deep second-degree burns was especially rapid in some cases. In cases of third-degree burns the wounds remained "dry" until the operation. Favourable effect was also observed in the pretreatment of the donor skin areas. The authors found Betadine to be definitely advantageous in the treatment of burn patients.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1990

[Weather front sensitivity as an influencing factor in the onset of labor].

The connection between meteorological stimuli and the onset of labor was examined on the basis of the patients' front-sensitivity. Front-sensitivity was tested by a questionary containing 60 questions. Converse relation was observed between the degree of sensitivity and the gestational age. A sudden rise of onsets of labors could be shown during frontal changes, occurred after meteorologically quiet periods. During frontal changes the ratio of onsets of labors rose significantly among those patients who were sensitive tho the given front. This effect could be observed during a longer period of frontal influence. By the authors opinion also meteorological stimuli can be regarded as one of the factors, determining the actual date of onset of labor among front-sensitive women.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Bilirubin and morphine glucuronidation is not inhibited by a cyclic-AMP mediated mechanism in murine liver.

Several reactions of the Ist and IInd phase of biotransformation have been reported to be under a negative cyclic-AMP dependent control. Conjugation of bilirubin and glucuronidation of morphine were investigated in isolated mouse hepatocytes and in mouse hepatocyte microsomes, respectively. N6,O2-dibutyryl cyclic-AMP did not inhibit conjugation of bilirubin in isolated hepatocytes. ATP and the dissociated catalytic subunit of the cyclic-AMP dependent protein kinase did not influence the glucuronidation of morphine, while inhibited the formation of p-nitrophenol glucuronide in microsomes prepared from isolated mouse hepatocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Reliability of diagnostic methods in extrauterine pregnancy].

Reliability of diagnostic methods in extrauterine pregnancy. The predictive value of different diagnostic methods used in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was analysed on the basis of 87 cases and literary data. The best results were achieved by laparoscopy. Douglas pauch punction is appropriate only in acute cases. The immune pregnancy test, ultrasound and histological examinations showed relatively great number of false negative results. By suspicion of extrauterine gravidity laparoscopy is suggested even if other results are negative.

Female↗