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Biomedical subjects

G Magalon

Publications and source records attributed to G Magalon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[How to evaluate velar insufficiency?].

The evaluation of velar insufficiency is absolutely necessary in order to assess the results of surgery of the labial palatal cleft. In addition to the clinical examination which remains indispensable, the aerophonometer, applicable to adults and children as from the age of 3, enables simultaneous measurement of the flow of buccal air, the flow of nasal air, and the buccal phonogram. The comparison of the lines, the relation of the nasal air and buccal air flows, upon the emission of two standard sentences with and without nasal components, enables an objective assessment of velar functioning.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

[Skin expansion. A new weapon in the therapeutic arsenal of plastic surgeons].

Skin expansion is a revolutionary technique for plastic surgery. Its principle is based on the observation of clinical facts, such as pregnancy, in which the skin can readily become distended. The technique consists in implanting a silicon prosthesis, connected to a filling valve through a tube, under the skin. The inflation of this prosthesis takes 3 months. At the end of this time, good-quality skin with the same features as normal skin (color, hairs, sensation) is available. There are many indications for this technique, including substance losses, removal of congenital tumors and of scars, breast reconstruction or scalp surgery.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1991

Rapid development of multiple squamous-cell carcinomas during chronic granulocytic leukemia.

We report a 65-year-old patient who presented a rapid eruption of keratoses on sun-exposed areas and an explosive transformation into several squamous-cell carcinomas, occurring during the accelerated phase of a chronic granulocytic leukemia. Clinical findings resembled those usually described in xeroderma pigmentosum. The role of immunosuppression, chemotherapy and possible genetic predisposition is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Contribution of external valves in skin expansion].

The filling period is a delicate phase of skin expansion procedures. Many of these difficulties are due to problems encountered during puncture of the valves when they are buried in the skin (pain, leaks, loss of the valve, inverted valve). The authors report their experience of the use of external filling valves. Based on a series of 68 valves, they describe the implantation technique, indications and their results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Median cleft of the lower lip. Apropos of a case].

The authors report a case of median cleft of the lower lip and mandible. This is rare malformation (60 cases published in the literature) with anomalies of the tongue and sometimes midline cervical cord. Cleft of the lower lip is repaired early between one and six months, but the correction of mandibular defect by bone graft will be done at the age of ten years. In this way the authors hope to preserve mandibular and teeth growth.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

[Crossed leg expanded flaps].

The authors report their experience of three cases of crossed leg expanded flaps. They describe the operative technique and discuss the advantages and disadvantages. Prior expansion of the crossed leg flap reduces the donor site scar.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of sequelae of the latissimus dorsi flap removal. Report of 44 cases reviewed and tested].

Since Tanzini, the latissimus dorsi muscle flap has been widely used in plastic surgery. Based on the experience of two plastic surgery units, we decided to try to define the sequelae of this operation. In order to simplify our analysis we only considered free flaps. Out study is based on 42 patients (26 pure muscular flaps and 16 musculo-cutaneous flaps). The sequelae were analysed in terms of aesthetic and functional criteria. The aesthetic sequelae appeared to be minima in the case of pure muscular flaps, but more severe in the case of musculo-cutaneous flaps. Functional sequelae in the shoulder were observed on muscle testing in 30% of cases, although there were no repercussions on sport or work activities. Analysis of spinal posture demonstrated a modification in the frontal plane in 40% of cases although this could not be clearly attributed to the donor site. On the basis of this study, we can conclude that the latissimus dorsi flap retains an important place in the therapeutic arsenal of plastic surgery due to its reliability and its minor cicatricial and functional sequelae at the donor site.

Back↗
PubMed1990

[The scapular osteocutaneous flap. Technic, indications in cervicofacial surgery].

The authors describe 10 cases of mandibular reconstruction following transmandibular buccopharyngectomy, using scapular osteocutaneous flaps. Repair of mandibular substance loss due to neoplastic surgery becomes a problem. Composite bone resections are associated with mucous and muscular defect formation. There is dual advantage in using this type of flap: on the one hand, reliability is great, independently of the case (revisions or other types of surgery) because of the presence of constant elements in the vascular pedicle; on the other hand, the cutaneous flap and the bone transplant are independent from each other, such plasticity affording equally successful symphyseal and lateral repair.

Bone Transplantation↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of 106 free flaps. Analysis of the failures and the indications].

Between April 1982 and April 1987, 106 free flaps were performed: 27 in the head and neck, 9 in the upper limbs and 60 in the lower limbs. 4 types of free flaps were essentially used: 42 latissimus dorsi flaps, 30 Chinese flaps, 18 temporalis flaps and 12 gracilis flaps. 14 free flaps were performed as a real emergency to cover defects of the upper limb in 4 cases and of the lower limb in 10 cases. The overall success rate was 87%, but this varied according to the recipient site, as the success rate was only 80% in the lower limb, and according to the type of flap, the latissimus dorsi flap ensured a success rate of 90%. Apart from one case of drepanocytosis, the failures observed could have been prevented. Rigorous intensive care as well as a strategy based on a precise preoperative assessment and appropriate selection of flaps should allow a considerable improvement in the results. Due to its reliability and its possibilities, we consider the latissimus dorsi flap to be the most useful flap. The Chinese flap retains a place in ENT surgery and in the case of emergency by-pass flaps. The gracilis and temporalis flaps may be proposed in certain cases because of their surface area and their minimal scars.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Emergency versus delayed repair of severe brachial plexus injuries.

Emergency or early surgery for brachial plexus injury is advisable because emergency nerve surgery is technically easier and because the overall results are better. In cases involving vascular injury, preoperative arteriography is indispensable. The blood supply must be reestablished and the brachial plexus completely explored and, if possible, repaired. In cases not involving vascular injury, violent trauma with fractures of the shoulder often produces lesions in the same brachial plexus. Regardless of associated vascular or bone injuries, brachial plexus lesions should be repaired within the first days after injury (provided that there are no contraindications related to age or general health). If combined vascular and nerve injuries are involved, immediate emergency surgery is mandatory. With early surgery, exploration is easier, shorter grafts are needed, and neurotization is possible in lesions in which the roots have been pulled out.

Angiography↗
PubMed1988

[Initial results of free bone transposition of the iliac crest in pelvi-mandibulectomy].

Mandibular reconstruction in 6 patients was by free flap from iliac crest in pelvi-mandibulectomies. The different technics proposed for mandibular reconstruction are described with emphasis on the specificity of repair surgery in cervicofacial oncology. In this precise indication stress is placed on the limitations of conventional graft and endoprosthesis procedures and the need to transfer a vascularized bone fragment. Among the technics for transfer of vascularized bone, preference is accorded to the composite flap from iliac crest as against the osteo-musculo-cutaneous flap, and details for removal of the former are given. The osteo-musculo-cutaneous flap from iliac crest appears to be the procedure of choice for reconstruction of bone in all cases where mandibular reconstruction is necessary after loss of continuity.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Analysis of sequelae secondary to the radial forearm flap. A study of twenty-six cases.

The radial forearm flap is used extensively in hand and reconstructive surgery. We have performed 31 radial forearm flaps (15 free and 16 pedicled flaps) in 25 adults and 5 children. This series was analyzed in an attempt to minimize the sequelae of the upper limb and provide more specific indications for this flap. Vascular sequelae were assessed by Doppler and thermography examinations. The functional sequelae were appreciated by wrist motion and grasp strength examinations. Cutaneous sequelae were evaluated according to the time of healing and the quality of the scars. Several technical modifications may be proposed in order to try to minimize sequelae. As shown by our study, cutaneous sequelae are the most important and they must always be considered in the indication of this flap.

Adult↗