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Biomedical subjects

G Magliulo

Publications and source records attributed to G Magliulo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Amphiregulin anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides inhibit growth and transformation of a human colon carcinoma cell line.

Amphiregulin (AR) is a secreted heparin-binding growth factor that is structurally and functionally related to epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha). GEO cells are from a human colon cancer cell line that expresses high levels of AR protein and mRNA. To assess the role of AR in colon-cancer cell proliferation and transformation, 2 different anti-sense 20-mer phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides (AR AS-1 and AR AS-2 S-oligos) complementary to the 5' sequence of AR mRNA were synthesized. Both AR AS S-oligos were able to inhibit the anchorage-dependent growth (ADG) of GEO cells. The 2 AR AS S-oligos were equipotent when used in equimolar concentrations. In particular, a 40% growth inhibition was observed at a concentration of 10 microM, while a mis-sense S-oligo used as control had no effect on GEO cell growth. The AR AS-1 S-oligo used at the same concentration also inhibited by 40% the 3H-thymidine incorporation by DNA of GEO cells. The anchorage-independent growth (AIG) of GEO cells was even more significantly affected by AR AS S-oligo treatment. In fact, up to 80% inhibition of the AIG of GEO cells was observed when cells were treated with 10 microM of both AR AS S-oligos. Finally, the AR AS S-oligos were able to specifically inhibit AR protein expression in GEO cells, as assessed by immunocytochemistry. These data suggest that AR is involved in colon-cancer cell transformation, and that AR may represent a suitable target for gene therapy in human colon carcinomas.

Amphiregulin↗
PubMed1995

Acoustic neuroma in the pregnant patient.

We report the case history of a 24-year-old woman with an acoustic neuroma diagnosed during the 24th week of pregnancy. Diagnostic steps and surgical management of this uncommon condition, which represents a therapeutic challenge, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Acute mastoiditis in pediatric age.

The object of the present paper is to review 39 cases of acute mastoiditis treated surgically at the 2nd and 4th ENT Clinics of the University of Rome 'La Sapienza'. The aetiological factors were investigated observing an association of the acute mastoid abscess with cholesteatoma. Moreover 5 patients developed mastoiditis after previous mastoid surgery. The rationale of surgical management is discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1994

Facial nerve monitoring in skull base surgery.

The purpose of this work was to compare pre- and post-operative facial nerve function between unmonitored and monitored cases of skull base lesions. The study involved 32 patients suffering from lateral skull base tumours (10 unmonitored and 22 monitored). Facial nerve function was monitored intraoperatively by an acoustic facial electromyographic system (NIM-2). Post-operative facial function was graded according to the House-Brackmann scale. In the group of monitored cases, facial nerve function was normal (Grade 1 or 2) in 79 per cent of the patients, while the unmonitored patients showed normal function in only 50 per cent of the cases. These results confirm previous observations that audible evoked electromyographic monitoring significantly reduces permanent facial nerve dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Experimental endolymphatic hydrops and glycerol. Electrophysiologic study.

The object of the present study was to evaluate electrophysiologically the therapeutic effect of glycerol on the cochlear function of guinea pigs in which experimental hydrops had been surgically induced. Fifteen albino guinea pigs were used. Each animal was chronically implanted to follow the evolution of hearing. The experimental protocol considered 3 groups of guinea pigs (5 animals each). Group 1 received no drug treatment, while groups 2 and 3 were given glycerol orally at 0.75 and 0.50 g/kg of body weight once a day for 4 months. The audiograms of the animals treated with glycerol showed a statistically significant hearing improvement compared with the control group. Clinically, our results seem to support the view of those who favor the use of glycerol for the medical treatment of Meniere's disease at an early stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The contralateral ear after surgery in different otoneurosurgical or neurosurgical pathologies.

The present study was specifically designed to ascertain the effect that otoneurosurgical or neurosurgical approaches may have on the contralateral ear. 18 patients suffering from different histologic lesions were examined. Pure-tone audiometry was performed before and after surgery each postoperative day up to the fourteenth day. The audiograms were abnormal after surgery in all but one of the patients tested. This hearing loss was transitory and the recovery occurred completely within 3 months. These outcomes suggest that the hearing loss was linked to a loss of cerebrospinal fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the middle ear and mastoid.

Two primary adenoid cystic carcinomas of the middle ear and mastoid are presented. This pathologic condition is uncommon and no large series exist in the literature. Adenoid cystic carcinoma could arise from ectopic salivary gland tissue located in the wall of the jugular bulb in proximity to the hypotympanum. These tumors demonstrate much invasion of bone and soft tissue. The surgical rationale in the management of this rare tumor is discussed.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1992

Vestibular neurectomy by the infralabyrinthine approach.

There are a variety of approaches for treating vertigo with selective vestibular neurectomy but each has definite limitations proving that no ideal technique is yet available. An original posterior-inferior approach to the internal auditory canal (infralabyrinthine approach) has been recently proposed. It attempts to overcome the limitations and to combine the advantages of the previous procedures. This report presents our preliminary results using this particular technique in the management of vestibular symptoms of Menière's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Reconstruction of old radical cavities.

Various techniques and materials have been proposed to deal with problems connected with radical cavities including recurrence of inflammatory processes, requirement of regular medication, social inconvenience (i.e., inability to practice any water sport, work in adverse environment, etc.). The present paper details the results of revalidation of old radical cavities using as filling a mixture of tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite granules. Three techniques were used in reconstruction of the posterior canal wall. In the first procedure, the material was incorporated with fibrin adhesive to fill the cavity. In the other two methods the ceramic granules were covered respectively with a sheet of bone pate-fibrin sealant or with septal cartilage homografts. Twenty-four patients with chronic discharging old radical cavities were operated with anatomic results of 91.7 percent successful graft taken. The functional results showed an air-bone gap less than 30 dB in 72.7 percent of the cases after 6 months. After 2 years hearing gain was satisfactory in 63.6 percent of the patients. The different methods of reconstruction of posterior canal wall did not influence these findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The effect of glycerol on the guinea-pig hydropic ear.

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of glycerol on experimental endolymphatic hydrops in guinea-pigs. The right endolymphatic sac and duct were obliterated through an extradural posterior fossa approach. Some animals received a 3 g/kg dose of glycerol for a period of 7 days, whereas others received the same dose for 30 days. The activity of glycerol was studied by investigating the volumetric changes in the scala media determined with a computerized planimeter. Glycerol induced a significant reduction of the hydrops showing its effectiveness and suggesting a strial metabolic response.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The effect of glycerol on short-term experimental endolymphatic hydrops.

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of one month of treatment with different dosages of glycerol on experimental endolymphatic hydrops produced by obliteration of endolymphatic sac and duct through an extradural approach. Forty-two guinea pigs were used. The animals, divided into six groups, received 0.5-2 gr/kg body weight of the drug per day for one month. The activity of glycerol was determined by statistical analysis of volumetric changes of scala media. Glycerol demonstrated the effect of reducing endolymphatic hydrops. The decrease in hydrops was influenced by the dosage suggesting a stria metabolic response.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

Masking level difference before and after surgery in unilateral otosclerosis.

The object of this paper was to evaluate the binaural hearing in 20 patients suffering from unilateral otosclerosis. Binaural performance was assessed at a test frequency of 500 Hz using masking level difference (MLD) before and after surgery. The postsurgical results showed abnormal MLDs in patients in whom stapedotomy had successfully corrected the threshold asymmetry. Three possible hypotheses regarding this phenomenon were investigated: (1) cochlear damage, (2) auditory deprivation and (3) a mechanical middle ear anomaly due to the surgical prosthesis or healing processes. The analyses suggest that the conductive hearing loss may effect central auditory processing resulting in poor binaural hearing (auditory deprivation theory).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Bell's palsy and its recurrences.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and the prognosis of patients with recurrences of Bell's palsy. Yanagihara's classification of recurrent palsies was used, and all palsies were separated into five different types. A total of 304 patients with Bell's palsy were examined. The recurrent ipsilateral attacks (i.e., the unilateral recurrent palsies) showed a worse prognosis when compared with the non-recurrent palsies. In contrast, the recurrent attacks involving the contralateral facial nerve (bilateral alternating palsies) presented a better facial recovery. In reviewing the recurrent cases, the stapedial reflex demonstrated no prognostic value. Our results suggest that in presenting data of Bell's palsy it is advisable to differentiate the recurrences from the common (non-recurrent) palsies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

BSER audiometry in haemodialysis patients.

The object of this paper was to study the brain stem evoked response in 20 patients suffering from chronic renal failure and having haemodialysis, and to evaluate the effects of this treatment. A further 5 successful renal transplant patients were investigated to analyse the evolution of the brain stem conduction when the metabolic abnormality is removed. In the first group, the responses were minimally abnormal in 30% of cases before the dialysis. The dialysis session showed an improvement of the brain stem conduction. This variation was temporary and, 24 hours following the dialysis treatment, the patients showed the pathological values observed before the dialysis. The results of the successful transplanted patients were consistent with the data obtained in the dialysis group. Before transplantation the nerve impulse conduction was found to be abnormal in 3 subjects. These abnormalities disappeared completely after successful transplantation. These results support the view of those who favour the use of evoked potentials to follow the status of the central nervous system in uraemic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Two cases of cholesteatoma behind intact tympanic membrane with embryogenetic anomalies.

Two new interesting cases of cholesteatoma of the middle ear behind an intact tympanic membrane are presented in this report. In both cases, which would fulfill Derlacki's criteria for a congenital cholesteatoma, the presence of an embryogenetic anomaly in the affected ear was noted. This association is suggestive of the congenital hypothesis of the observed cases.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1987

Seasonal recurrence of acute episodes of Menière's disease.

Yearly occurrence of acute episodes of Menière's disease has been studied in a group of 114 patients observed from January 1972 to December 1984. Monthly frequency variations were found to be casual and void of statistical significance. Primary episodes apparently occurred more often during the June-August period; statistical analysis confirmed the significance of the phenomenon at a level of 0,025 (chi 2 test). In relation to the subjective data, 16 of 45 patients reported a tendency towards a seasonal rythm of attacks. Spring seemed to be the worst period (10 crises), followed by summer (5), autumn (3) and winter (2).

Acute Disease↗