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Biomedical subjects

G Maina

Publications and source records attributed to G Maina.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Assessment of occupational skin exposure: proposal of a check-list].

The dermal risk assessment requires simplified methodologies to understand the role played by the skin. The conceptual models proposed to this aim are founded on theoretical assumptions and experimental data, but their use in occupational settings shows many difficulties. For this end we have drawn up a check-list that includes six sessions and allows to obtain a preliminary dermal exposure evaluation subdivided on hazard bands.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Methodology for assessing occupational dermal exposure].

BACKGROUND: Dermal risk assessment of exposure to chemicals is difficult due to the lack of standardisation of the methods used in exposure quantification; further limits concern the extent of skin contamination and especially dermal absorption of different substances. To solve these problems many authors proposed conceptual models founded on theoretical assumptions and experimental data, but their use in occupational settings revealed many difficulties. A possible alternative is the use of a check-list that permits evaluation of occupational dermal contamination hazards. AIMS: To propose a simplified method for dermal risk assessment. METHODS: Dermal contamination risk evaluation, chemical hazard quantification and duration of exposure are the basic features of the method. The first step assesses working conditions, use of protective devices, skin contamination directly observed, personal hygiene of workers: all information, collected by a trained observer, is scored according to literature data and/or to authors'personal experience. Chemical hazard quantfication is obtained from safety data sheet evaluation (R phrases classification and chemical-physical characteristics of the chemical in use). The method allows a preliminary dermal exposure assessment to be made, subdivided on hazard bands. RESULTS: The method permits a rapid dermal exposure assessment to be made and suggests intervention measures to decrease dermal risk. CONCLUSIONS: A check-list is proposed that can be a useful and easy method to assess dermal exposure to chemicals, particularly in small- and medium-sized enterprises.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Psychopathological characteristics of psychiatric disturbances in the elderly].

A series of studies have focused on the problem of identifying and defining the specific characteristics of senile psychiatric pathology with greater precision. The aim of the present study was to examine symptomatological aspects of a group of psychiatric patients divided into different age ranges. The possible presence of psychopathologically defined (e.g. phobia, obsession, convulsive symptoms, hallucinations, deliria) and more aspecific symptoms (e.g. those which are generically involutive, confusion, anxiety, depression, insomnia, suicide attempts) was assessed in a group of 2018 psychiatric out-patients. It was found that senile psychiatric pathology presents a symptomatology which is generally aspecific and not clearly defined, and that there are peculiarities which differentiate it from that in the adult.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and therapeutic problems during prolonged treatment with benzodiazepine].

The widespread use of BDZ is due on one hand to its therapeutic effectiveness, particularly as a tranquillizer, hypnotic, myorelaxant and antiepileptic, and on the other to its few side and toxic effects. Long-term treatment with BDZ has, however, proved to be not completely free from problems and particular attention has been paid to these in recent years. These negative aspects, described by the literature, include global worsening of mental activity and a declining efficiency of certain mental functions; also worth considering are the phenomena related to the onset of addition and dependence.

Benzodiazepines↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of first and second generation antidepressants. A clinical study].

The study assesses the quantitative percentage use of second generation antidepressants (non-tricyclics or modified tricyclics) in clinical psychiatric practice in comparison with first generation products. The study was conducted on patients presenting in the surgery and psychiatric ward of Novara and in Turin Psychiatric Clinic in an-June 1987 and covers all patients receiving antidepressant drugs. For each individual given thymoanaleptic drugs, the type used and the reasons for its selection were examined as well as the combined use of antidepressants with other psychotherapeutic drugs. The data show that second generation antidepressants have come to play a major therapeutic role, though further research is needed to define their specific use and as far as possible to eliminate their use as a "vicarious" substitute for traditional drugs.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Various air pollutants in Torino].

The trend of concentrations of some pollutants (total particulate, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), chromium, nickel, lead, vanadium) in the urban air of Turin for the years 1986-87-88 was studied. The air was sampled daily by glass fiber's filters; a ponderal determination of total particulate was made; PAH was dosed by gas-chromatography and by mass spectrometry, metals was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. These are the values of the three years mean concentration: total particulate 156.3 micrograms/mc, PAH 27.2 ng/mc, B(a)P 2.16 ng/mc, Cr 28.6 ng/mc, Ni 40.5 ng/mc, Pb 1.37 micrograms/mc, V 55.2 ng/mc. Finally, we try to calculate the conjectural carcinogenic effect of the B(a)P for the residents of Turin.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of total laryngectomy on the quality of life: a study on certain psychological aspects].

The importance of certain psychological aspects during post-surgical rehabilitation of laringectomized patients is being more and more emphasized in research on the subject. The aim of this study is to consider a group of 55 patients who had undergone a total laryngectomy 6 to 48 months previously. The patients studied spoke using an esophageal voice and were chosen from among a group of 400 operated in our Department. This investigation was carried out not only from an organic point of view but took into consideration the consequence of such an important disability in the personal psychological, social, domestic and relational sphere as well. The study was carried out through a partially guided interview whose aim was to obtain anamnestic information regarding psychological symptoms present at the moment of the interview, the amount of understanding of the patients and their relatives concerning the diagnosis and the signs of sinergy. The Zung scale for self-evaluation of depression and the STAI scale for state and trait anxiety were employed. Through a careful scrutiny of the data, it appeared that the quality of life was the main problem, above all because such a problem is an inevitable consequence of lost vocal functionality. We found that the overall average score of the Zung scale was 31.6% (A patient who obtains a score higher than 40% is considered depressed). Twelve patients among those we examined were above this threshold level. The score of the STAI scale partially overlapped those obtained by a control group made up of patients suffering from anxiety disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Psychological↗