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Biomedical subjects

G Malmfors

Publications and source records attributed to G Malmfors.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Circumcision for phimosis: a follow-up study.

All 117 boys circumcized for phimosis during one year at the Department of Pediatric Surgery in Lund were subject to a follow-up study five years postoperatively. In 45 cases the main operative indication was recurrent balanitis, in 25 cases scarring of the prepuce and in 41 cases an expressed ballooning at voiding. Early operative complications included 7 cases of postoperative haemorrhage which in 1 case necessitated reoperation. In 1 case there was a postoperative infection. 13/117 patients developed a stricture of the urethral orifice necessitating meatotomy. The study included a questionnaire which was answered by 97/117 patients, 92 of whom expressed complete satisfaction with the operation. The complaints of the others were cosmetic in nature. There was in no instance any sign of more severe psychological disorder than a certain shyness which was expressed in 8 cases. It is concluded that circumcision for phimosis in young boys is complicated by meatal stenosis in a certain frequency (13/117) but not loaded with serious complications. There seems to be no reason to fear psychological disturbances due to circumcision.

Child↗
PubMed1985

End-to-end anastomosis in oesophageal atresia--clinical application of experimental experiences.

During the 70's, several investigations were made concerning the healing of oesophageal anastomoses under experimental conditions. The experiences were successively applied to the treatment of oesophageal atresia. Between 1969 and 1982, a total of 49 patients were operated upon with primary end-to-end anastomoses. The material was divided in an earlier and a later series. The result of the later series was better with respect to anastomotic leakage, strictures and mortality. This might be the effect of the modified treatment according to the clinical application of the experimental experiences reviewed in this paper.

Colon↗
PubMed1983

Peptidergic innervation in Hirschsprung's disease.

An increasing amount of evidence concerning the existence of non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic autonomous nerves has been presented during the past decade. These nerves contain different peptides which may act as neurotransmitters. The pathophysiology in Hirschsprung's disease is not yet fully explained. To throw further light upon it, the distribution and occurrence of different peptide-containing (peptidergic) nerves was studied. A semiquantitative immuno-histochemical method was used to assess the distribution and occurrence of nerves containing encephalin, GRP (gastrin-releasing peptide), VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) or substance P in four patients operated by Duhamel's procedure. The results indicate a total absence of encephalin and GRP containing nerves in the aganglionic segment. Such nerves could, however, be found in the normally ganglionated part of colon. The nerves containing VIP and substance P were fewer in the aganglionic segment than in the rest of the colon. The result is related to what is hitherto known about the specific effects of the different peptides.

Colon↗
PubMed1981

Peptide-containing neurons intrinsic to the gut wall. An experimental study in the pig.

Nerve fibers containing substance P, VIP, enkephalin or somatostatin are numerous in the porcine gut wall. They are particularly numerous in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses where peptide-containing cell bodies are also observed. Peptide-containing nerve fibers occur also in the vagus nerves, suggesting that the gut receives and extrinsic supply of peptidergic nerves. The extrinsic contribution to the peptide-containing nerve supply of the gut wall has not yet been quantitatively assessed. In an attempt to clarify this question pigs were subjected to bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Another group of animals was subjected to complete extrinsic denervation by autotransplantation of a jejunal segment. The pigs were killed at various time intervals after the operations; the longest time interval studied was four months. Following vagotomy the innervation pattern of the jejunum appeared completely unaffected. Following complete extrinsic denervation the adrenergic nerve fibers disappeared, while peptide-containing and acetylcholinesterase-positive nerve fibers remained apparently unaltered. This was confirmed chemically in the case of substance P. The motor activity of smooth muscle from the jejunum was studied in vitro. At low stimulation frequencies the smooth muscle from control jejunum responded by relaxation; upon cessation of stimulation a contraction occurred. With increasing stimulation frequencies the duration of the relaxation decreased; at high frequency stimulation only a contraction was recorded. In the autotransplant low frequency stimulation induced no or only a weak relaxation; high frequency stimulation induced contraction. After cholinergic and adrenergic blockade, the muscle responded with relaxation at all frequencies; the response was similar in innervated and denervated specimens. On the whole, the effects of extrinsic denervation on the motor activity of smooth muscle from porcine jejunum were minor, possibly reflecting the high degree of autonomy of the gut.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ultrasound examination of the kidney after Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy.

Ultrasound was used in infants and children operated upon with together 62 ureteroneocystostomies to detect complicating obstructive uropathy in the early postoperative period. It was compared with isotope examination and urography. Ultrasound was reliable and accurate in appreciating urinary stasis and should thus be preferred as examination method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Reconstruction of the thoracic oesophagus using autotransplanted small intestine. An experimental study in the piglet.

A technique for overbridging thoracic oesophageal defects with revascularized intestinal autotransplants was evaluated in 32 piglets. A microvascular end-to-side anastomosis was performed between the 1.5 mm transplant artery and the aorta. Specially constructed vascular scissors were used to cut a suitable opening in the aorta. The venous anastomosis was performed between the transplant vein and the hemiazygous vein. After partial oesophageal resection, the revascularized autotransplant was interposed between the oesophageal ends and anastomosed. The series carried a high rate of complications, but the study showed, however, that the technical prerequisites exist to perform this kind of operation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Peptidergic nerves persist after jejunal autotransplantation: an experimental study in the piglet.

The gut has been shown to contain four types of peptidergic nerves besides the adrenergic and cholinergic ones. They store substance P, enkephalin, somatostatin and VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) respectively. It is not previously known which of the neurons are intrinsic or extrinsic to the gut wall. Jejunal autotransplantation was performed in 10 piglets. This procedure implies degeneration of the extrinsic neurons (extrinsic denervation). The transplants were examined 1 to 4 mo postoperatively with histochemical techniques for demonstration of the intramural adrenergic and the different peptidergic nerves. The distribution of the peptidergic nerves was not changed indicating that they all originate within the gut. Following extrinsic denervation adrenergic nerves on the contrary were completely missing.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Spontaneous perforation of the common bile duct.

An 18-week-old baby boy suffered an episode of acute abdominal symptoms followed by a silent period with mild obstructive jaundice, abdominal distension and failure to thrive. During the clinical work-up he deteriorated suddenly, with progressive abdominal distension and ascites. At laparotomy a perforation of the common bile duct with bile peritonitis was found. Spontaneous perforation of the common bile duct is seldom listed as a cause of obstructive jaundice. The clinical picture is characteristic. Awareness of this diagnosis may help to avoid time-consuming and unnecessary investigations and to lead to surgical treatment in good time.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗