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Biomedical subjects

G Manzillo

Publications and source records attributed to G Manzillo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Treatment of chronic active hepatitis with either prednisolone or corticotrophin: a controlled trial.

A total of 54 patients hospitalized for chronic active hepatitis were randomly treated, 29 with prednisolone (maintenance dose 15 mg/day) and 25 with depot synthetic corticotrophin (maintenance dose 1 mg/week, i.m.) and were followed up for 6 to 24 months or longer. In this series, young males predominated, the incidence of serum HBsAg positivity approached 80% in both treatment and no patient had initial evidence of cirrhosis or had autoimmune associated diseases. With either drug SGOT levels showed a decrease during the initial 12 months of therapy (p less than 0.05); initial jaundice, when present, had disappeared by the 3rd month of treatment. With both treatments globulins and gamma-globulins decreased significantly after 12 to 24 months of therapy. Serum HBsAg persisted in all but two cases. Serum liver biopsies showed the following evolutions of histological activity: 12 cases (22%) improved to the "inactive phase" (8 with prednisolone and 4 with corticotrophin); 19 (35%) improved to a lesser extent (8 with prednisolone and 11 with corticotrophin); 17 (32%) remained unchanged (11 with prednisolone and 6 with corticotrophin); 6 (11%) worsened (2 with prednisolone and 4 with corticotrophin). Morphological features of cirrhosis appearently developed in 15 patients (8 treated with prednisolone and 7 with corticotrophin) of whom 7 achieved improvement of histological aggressiveness concurrently. Differences between treatments were not significant. Side effects suggesting drug discontinuation occurred only in 6 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Liver histology in 34 "HPsAg long-term healthy carriers.

Thirty four out of 45 HBsAg long-term carriers with normal liver function tests, discovered among family members of patients with HBsAg positive liver diseases, have been investigated by liver biopsy. Of these 34, 12 had normal liver tissue and 8 mild non specific changes, such as focal Kupffer cell hyperplasia or mild lymphocytic infiltrates in the portal tracts on liver biopsy. Two subjects showed multiple histioid granulomata scattered in normal liver parenchyma. Of the remaining 12 cases, 8 showed some areas of pin-head necrosis and mild portal tracts infiltration and 4 showed some areas of focal parenchymal infiltration associated with portal tracts inflammation. We consider that these histological changes are very mild lesions within the spectrum of hepatitis. None of our cases had histological picture of Chronic liver disease. Consequently it appears that normal liver function tests may be of some values to exclude severe histological abnormalities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Familial clustering of hepatitis B antigen and liver diseases in families with a high incidence of viral hepatitis.

In each of 23 families in which two or more cases of acute hepatitis-like jaundice (index cases) occurred, all family members were studied to evaluate HBAg clustering and the incidence of asymptomatic liver disease. There were 49 "index cases" of hepatitis-like jaundice: 38 cases of acute viral hepatitis, 5 of chronic agressive hepatitis and 6 of active cirrhosis. The overall number of members in these families (excluding index cases) was 170 and 155 of which were tested by clinical examination, laboratory tests and needle liver biopsy. In 27 out of the 155 subjects there was evidence of liver diseases (10 non icteric hepatitis cases, 12 CAH cases and 5 cirrhosis cases). HBAg was present in the serum of 19 of these patients, and twof the cirrhotic patients were positive. Furthermore, 33 of the 155 cases were healthy HGAg carriers showing no abnormality in liver function tests. In the majority of these carriers liver histology showed slight damage (pin-head necrosis or portitis) sometimes compatible with resolving viral hepatitis. A long-term follow-up of the HGAg carriers showed that three of these subjects progressed to acute viral hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Presence of HBsAg in the bile of subjects with acute HBsAg viral hepatitis.

During acute HBsAg serum positive viral hepatitis, the surface antigen was not detectable in duodenal bile but was almost always present in gallbladder and hepatic bile when cholecystokinin was intravenously administered. The immunologic nondemonstrability of HBsAg in duodenal bile is probably due to the presence of a factor elaborated by the intestinal mucosa. The possible role played by this factor in the non transmission of type B viral hepatitis via faecal-oral route is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The differential diagnosis between intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice and viral hepatitis during pregnancy.

Clinical and laboratory findings from 15 patients with icteric viral hepatitis during pregnancy (VHP) and from 22 patients with intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy (CJP) were evaluated statistically in order to find out which parameters might help in order to find out which parameters might help in differentiating the two diseases. Diagnosis was established by needle liver biopsy in all cases. The following data were considered: history, physical examination, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) serum cholesterol, prothrombin time, total serum bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, serum alkaline phosphatase, serum protein, serum flocculation tests, BSP blood clearance and serum HB Ag. Vomiting, high GOT and GPT serum levels, and serum HB Ag positivity suggest VHP diagnosis. Otherwise a severe itching with scratching lesions, high ESR, elevated total cholesterol and serum alkaline phosphatase values mainly if occurring in the later stage of pregnancy are consistent with CJP diagnosis. When clinical and laboratory data from a jaundiced pregnant female do not allow diagnosis, this can be established only on the basis of needle liver biopsy.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1972

Chloramphenicol combined with ampicillin in treatment of typhoid.

Fifty out of 100 patients with typhoid fever, matched for age, stage of illness, and degree of fever, were treated with chloramphenicol and the other 50 were treated with chloramphenicol combined with ampicillin. The febrile period was shortened by up to 29% in patients treated with the combined drugs compared with those given only chloramphenicol. Moreover, no patient on combined therapy had a febrile relapse, whereas two relapses occurred among patients treated with chloramphenicol only. We conclude that chloramphenicol and ampicillin together are better than chloramphenicol alone in the treatment of typhoid fever.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of immunosuppressive therapy on HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis in relation to presence or absence of HBeAg and anti-HBe.

Two hundred and four patients with biopsy-proven HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis were treated for at least 2 years with azathioprine, prednisolone or a combination of both, or were untreated. Prevalences of HBeAg, anti-HBe, and anti-HBc were 26, 58, and 100%, respectively. Criteria for improvement or progression of disease were based on clinical, biochemical, and morphologic parameters. Prednisolone therapy and combination therapy did not modify the course of the disease in HBeAg-positive patients; azathioprine therapy may have been deleterious for these patients. Among HBeAg-negative patients, deterioration or death occurred more frequently in those who were untreated than in those who received the combination of azathioprine and prednisolone. Prednisolone therapy was of moderate effect, whereas azathioprine did not influence the outcome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis with corticosteroids and/or azathioprine. A prospective study.

204 patients with biopsy-proven CAH were observed for at least one year with periodic examinations including a second liver biopsy for each patient. Patients were assigned at random to a group left untreated or treated with either azathioprine 100 mg daily, or prednisolone (Dutimelan 8 15), or prednisolone plus azathioprine 50 mg daily. The outcome, assessed on clinical, biochemical and histological parameters, was correlated to the presence or absence of HBeAg and its antibody. No treatment was effective in HBeAg-positive patients whereas, among anti-HBe-positive patients, those who were treated with the association of steroids and azathioprine more frequently showed improvement and less frequently deteriorated (p less than 0.01) than untreated patients. Thus, HBsAg/anti-HBe-positive patients with CAH may be treated with the combination of these drugs, even though many side-effects may occur and there are frequent relapses after discontinuation of treatment.

Adolescent↗