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Biomedical subjects

G Marchetti

Publications and source records attributed to G Marchetti.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome. Report of two cases from Italy.

Two cases of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome that occurred at our hospital are described. They represent the second and third cases reported from Italy. Both patients were women, had a portal of entry from cutaneous infection of a limb and suddenly developed high degree fever, severe hypotension, necrotizing fasciitis, acute renal failure, hepatic damage, thrombocytopenia and bleeding from a stress-related duodenal ulcer. One patient was leukopenic. The first patient needed resuscitation in the intensive care unit and emergency surgical debridement of the affected limb, whereas the second improved with medical therapy, but needed duodenal surgery for uncontrolled bleeding. Both patients slowly recovered and survived. Finally, a short update on the pathogenesis of the syndrome is also presented.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of Austrian's syndrome with ocular involvement.

A man with a history of alcohol abuse was admitted to hospital with pneumonia and meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. Because of the worsening of respiratory function and the persistence of fever, an echocardiographic examination was made, which showed endocarditis with destruction of the aortic valve. The patient underwent surgical valve replacement. In addition, he showed a choroiditis in the left eye which improved after antibiotic therapy. The interest of this case lies in the rarity of the triad described as Austrian's syndrome and in the coexistent fourth septic localization, namely in the left eye.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mediterranean leishmaniasis in HIV-infected patients: epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic features of 22 cases.

Twenty-two Italian HIV-infected patients developed leishmaniasis, clinically manifested as visceral (13 cases), cutaneous (2 cases) and disseminated disease (7 cases). Twenty were males and two females (mean age: 32.8 years) with a mean CD4+ cell count of 46.8/microliter at diagnosis; risk factors were intravenous drug use (17 patients) and sexual behaviour (two bisexual, two homosexual, one heterosexual). All but one patient lived or travelled in hypoendemic Italian regions and other Mediterranean countries. Apart from the two patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis, the clinico-pathological and biological spectrum of the infection was often atypical, especially in patients with disseminated disease. The diagnosis was routinely made by direct recovery of parasites in biological specimens, mainly in bone marrow aspirate, whereas serology was negative or borderline in most of the patients. Among 17 in vitro isolates, Leishmania infantum was the only species involved with previously undescribed isoenzyme patterns in two cases. Treatment with antimonials and other drugs showed only temporary clinical improvement in some patients. Relapses were the rule. Leishmaniasis confirms itself as an opportunistic infection in HIV-positive persons. Secondary chemoprophylaxis should be considered in cases of relapsing disease.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Different effects of subacute administration of S. Croce oligo-mineral water on colonic vs rectal constipation].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a subacute administration of oligomineral water "S. Croce Sponga" in subjects affected by chronic constipation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Hospitalized patients (13 females and 4 males) have been classified according to radiologically evaluated transit times if affected by colonic or rectal constipation, and by clinical interview if suffering from chronic colonic constipation due to increased resistance or hypomotility. Treatment consisted in the administration of 1.5 litres/day of S. Croce Sponga oligomineral water for 7 days or a control water of known composition. The study started after seven days of hospital stay. RESULTS: The results of the study showed that S. Croce Sponga oligomineral water was effective in resolving the condition of chronic colonic constipation in almost 80% of the subjects. No effect was observed in subjects with chronic rectal constipation. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with S. Croce Sponga oligomineral water resolved chronic colonic constipation by enhancing velocity of the colonic transit.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications for the surgical treatment of cavernous angioma of the liver in adults. Report of a case].

The authors report a case of giant cavernous hemangioma of the liver, almost entirely extrahepatic, bulging from the inferior surface of the right lobe into the abdomen, treated surgically on account of worsening symptoms referable to continuing growth. A thorough search of the literature allows a critical review of the surgical indication in this benign pathology, rarely complicated by significant clinical events. Surgery is indicated, in lack of relevant complications, only when significant symptoms, continuing or worsening, are undoubtedly referable to the presence of the angioma.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cysts of the adrenal gland: revision of a 15-year experience.

Ten specimens of adrenal cyst resected during the period 1984-1999 were re-examined. Thorough examination of multiple sections and the use of immunohistochemistry allowed to change the recorded diagnosis in 8 cases: three epithelial cysts and five pseudocysts were redefined as endothelial cysts. All 10 cysts were of the endothelial type. A synthetic review of the current knowledge about the pathogenesis, the classification and the clinical aspects of this rare disease is presented.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic reflections on lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis].

Two cases of histologically proven pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis were studied by means of an adequate combination of the current imaging modalities. After an anatomical survey of the secondary pulmonary lobule, the authors discuss the pathologic appearance, the pathogenetic factors (mainly hormones), and the diagnostic problems concerning this pathologic condition. Finally, the authors emphasize the decisive role of high-resolution CT (HRCT) in the evaluation of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Economic considerations on the use of the new fluoroquinolones in the hospital setting].

Availability of new fluorinated quinolones offers, in the hospital setting, the opportunity to change, in many circumstances, parenteral therapy with oral administration of drugs. This possibility must always depend upon medical considerations, but permits a cost-containment policy with a drastic reduction of hospitalization and therapeutic costs. As far as the latter is concerned a daily cost reduction of 70000-16000 lire is foreseeable.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Parotid sialography and lip biopsy in the evaluation of oral component in Sjögren's syndrome.

In order to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity, parotid sialography (PS) and labial salivary gland biopsy were performed in 150 putative patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) (74 with SS alone and 76 with SS associated with other well-defined disorders). Although PS and LSGB strongly correlated to each other (Kendall's Tau 0.47, z = 7.78, p less than 0.0001), PS confirmed the diagnosis of SS in a significantly higher prevalence of patients with respect to LSGB (63% vs 37%, chi 2 = 18.25, p less than 0.001). When the sensitivity and specificity of PS and LSGB were calculated, PS showed a better sensitivity, and an only slightly lower specificity than LSGB (86% vs 70% and 78% vs 86% respectively). In conclusion, our study indicates that PS has been unduly overlooked in the past decades as a diagnostic tool for the salivary component of SS, and should be reconsidered as a potentially useful and relatively non-invasive procedure in the approach of patients with this disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Management of electron accelerators for radiotherapy. Data as of 31 December 1984].

Several italian radiotherapeutic centers have supplied the data analysed, regarding problems connected with the management of electron accelerators in the years 1982-1983-1984. The data concern 27 out of the 35 accelerators settled in Italy. The average cost of purchase has proved to be of 940 M pounds with an expense of annual allowance of 94 M pounds. We have then analysed the incidences of the allowance of the purchase expenditure of the machine (23%), the allowance of the expenses for the construction of the bunker (22%), the expenses of maintenance of the machine (5%), the cost of the staff (48%) and the cost of the power supply (2%) on the management costs (about pounds 820.000 per each handled patient). The duration of the various phases of the machinery installment, from the purchase to the beginning of the treatment, the charge of work supported in the three considered years, the daily use of the machinery and the problems deriving from days of time out of services due to failures or to periodical maintenance have then been studied. The analysis of the average values of the parameters studied and of the range of their variability allows us to find out the sector in which it is possible, also at present, to intervene in order to ameliorate the employment of a linear accelerator, regarding the costs and the performance.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗