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Biomedical subjects

G Martinotti

Publications and source records attributed to G Martinotti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Isolation from the Sorghum bicolor mycorrhizosphere of a bacterium compatible with arbuscular mycorrhiza development and antagonistic towards soilborne fungal pathogens.

A gram-positive bacterium with antagonistic activity towards soilborne fungal pathogens has been isolated from the mycorrhizosphere of Sorghum bicolor inoculated with Glomus mosseae. It has been identified as Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 based on its analytical profile index and on 16S ribosomal DNA analysis. Besides having antagonistic activity, this bacterium stimulates mycorrhization.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Tumorigenic activity of a rearranged c-myc gene from a human T-cell leukemia line.

The T-lymphoma cell line Hut78 contains a rearranged c-myc oncogene derived from a translocation between the long arms of chromosomes 8 and 2; the event deletes the 3' end of the gene, causing the loss of the transcribed AT-rich sequence. It has recently been shown that the mutant c-myc mRNA is several-fold more stable than normal c-myc mRNA. We have assessed the tumorigenicity of the mutant c-myc allele by transfecting this gene and its normal counterpart into NIH3T3 cells, together with a neomycin resistance gene. Following selection for G-418 resistance, the cells were injected into nude mice. Tumors containing integrated c-myc arose in animals injected with cells transfected by the mutated, but not by the normal, allele. The results suggest that this rearranged c-myc bears a tumorigenic activity not observed in other naturally occurring mutated c-myc alleles and may have directly contributed to the tumorigenic event in the Hut78 cell line.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of diazepam on mitochondrial respiration].

Our hypothesis that the strong effects of neutropic drugs on nervous system have hidden more widespread effects on all tissues and cells, is collecting evidences in our laboratory. We have essayed in vitro benzodiazepines on liver rat mitochondria. The present work deals with experiments on diazepam: it depresses the respiration coupled to phorphorylation in mitochondria having a good respiratory control; so respiratory control too is depressed. Also P/O ratio is lowered.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by mepivacaine].

In the last years our researches on neurotropic drugs follow our hypothesis that the strong effects on nervous system have always hidden more widespread effects on all tissues and cells. It is often required to employ local anesthetics in practising dentistry and orthodontics, particularly when children have to be treated. We have assayed in vitro one of these dental anesthetics, mepivacaine, on liver rat mitochondria: it depresses the respiration coupled to phosphorylation in mitochondria having a good respiratory control; so respiratory control too is depressed, but P/O ratio is unaffected; also respiration uncoupled by 2.4-dinitrophenol is depressed. Depressing respiration cooperates with anesthesia; unchanging P/O is good for the health of the cells and tissues treated by the mepivacaine.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1987

[Action of a dental anesthetic on cell respiration].

It is often required to employ local anesthetics in practising dentistry, particularly when children have to be treated. Our researches on neurotropic drugs in the last years follow our hypothesis that the strong effects on nervous system have always hidden more widespread effects on all tissues and cells. In vitro essays carried out on rat liver mitochondria show that a dental anesthetic, lidocaine, depress respiration coupled to phosphorylation in mitochondria having a good respiratory control; so respiratory control too is depressed, but P/O ratio is unaffected; also respiration uncoupled by 2,4-dinitrophenol is depressed. Depressing respiration cooperates with anesthesia; unchanging P/O is good for the health of the cells and tissues treated by the lidocaine.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Psychological profile of women with chronic pelvic pain.

Using the Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire (MHQ) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) psychological distress was measured in 30 women who underwent laparoscopy for chronic pelvic pain and in 30 matched controls. Both organic pelvic pain patients (OPPs) and idiopathic pelvic pain patients (IPPs) reported higher scores for somatisation than controls. IPPs scored higher than OPPs and controls on the Zung SDS, while no difference emerged in this scale between OPPs and controls. No correlations were found between age or duration of symptoms and somatisation and depression scores. On the basis of the above reported results the authors suggest that some forms of idiopathic chronic pelvic pain might represent an expression of a depressive disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Macrophages release arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane in response to late complement components.

Rat peritoneal macrophages released arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2, and thromboxane B2 when treated with normal rabbit or C6-deficient rabbit complement in vitro. Normal rabbit complement, however, was more efficient, which indicates that late complement components, in addition to the known effects of C3a and C3b, were responsible for an enhanced arachidonic acid turnover. Indeed, in the absence of the C3 cleavage products, the purified late complement components C5b6, C7, C8, and C9 stimulated the arachidonic acid, as well as the prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane B2 release. Incubation of C5b6, C7, C8, and C9 for 1 hr at 37 degrees C before addition to the macrophages abolished the stimulatory activity, being in complete agreement with the fact that a fluid phase-formed complex of C5-9 loses its membrane-binding capacity. Although the mechanism by which C5b-9-membrane interaction affects the arachidonic acid metabolism remains unclear, the data describe a new function of the late complement components.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Cytotoxicity of human peripheral blood monocytes against Trichomonas vaginalis.

Human peripheral blood monocytes were purified by adherence on microexudate-coated plastic and detached by exposure to 1 mM ethylenediamine tetracetic acid. Lysis of Trichomonas vaginalis was measured as release of 3H-thymidine from prelabelled protozoa after 48 hr of incubation. Human blood monocytes had appreciable levels of spontaneous cytotoxicity against Trichomonas vaginalis at effector-to-target cell ratios ranging from 3:1 to 25:1. Cytotoxicity was expressed with fetal bovine serum and human AB serum. Unseparated mononuclear cells, containing 10-25% monocytes as assessed by staining with non-specific esterase, were significantly cytotoxic against Trichomonas vaginalis but cytolysis levels were lower than those of purified monocytes. Lymphoid cells depleted of adherent cells by repeated incubations on plastic (less than 2% esterase-positive cells) had little cytotoxicity against these protozoa. In vitro exposure to silica natural 40-75% inhibition of the cytotoxic capacity of monocytic preparations. The natural cytotoxic capacity of human monocytes against Trichomonas vaginalis could represent one line of resistance against these protozoa.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Prospects and utilization of xeroradiography in the osteoarticular diagnosis and study of soft parts].

Xeroradiography and its physical phenomena are briefly described and attention is drawn to its offer of marked contrast and hence greater perception of details than conventional radiography. A comparison is made between ordinary and xero pictures of the spine, mediastinum and lungs with regard to the definition and identification of individual parts. The literature dealing with results obtained in areas where xeroradiography is best employed (joints and accompanying soft parts) is reviewed and personal experience in this field, based on a nosographic criterion and specific diagnostic choice, is presented. Cases illustrated cover ligamentous microcalcifications, knee meniscus calcifications, shoulder periarticular calcifications, and partial fractures. A comparison is made between conventional and xero pictures of joint changes in rheumatoid and uraemic arthritis, and bone changes in osteomyelitis and specific forms of arthritis. Diagnosis in osteo-necrosis and prosthesis complications is also examined. The results are such as to encourage further use of the method in the gathering of a fuller series of selected cases.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1977

[Comparison of xeroradiography and photographic radiography in the study of breast pathology].

The peculiar characteristics of xeroradiography make it respond fully to the requirements of the radiographic represenattion of the breast. All the anatomical components of the breast are virtually identical as far as atomic number and low density are concerned. Xeroradiography has proved to be particularly suitable for highlighting the little difference in contrast between the various anatomical components of the breast. Pictures show the quality differences between traditional photographic mammography and xeromammography. The latter differs by its high power of resolution at all contrast levels thus making for easier identification of details and clearer outline, and by its broader exposure latitude making it possible to focus on a wider range of tissues. Visualization of dense, compact, youthful breasts [so-called opaque breasts] is also more reliable. Density differences can be exploited more effectively in cases of concomittance of two or more pathological situations such as: association of two mastopathic pictures, the presence of a small benignant formation or of a heteroplasia within an intensely dysplasic region. Thanks to a more smaller than immediate greater than interpretation of the picture, xeromammography also provides clearer evidence of the radiographic signs typical of benign neoformations and those typical of malignant forms.

Adult↗