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G Masson

Publications and source records attributed to G Masson.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Apomorphine-induced blinking and yawning in healthy volunteers.

Yawning and spontaneous blink rate (SBR) are two physiological reflexes which have been incompletely examined but one neurobiological step of these two behaviours seems, at least in part, dopamine-dependent. The reference dopaminergic agonist, apomorphine hydrochloride (0.5, 1, and 2 micrograms kg-1 s.c.), was compared with a placebo in a double-blind latin-square design, and was shown to induce yawning and increase SBR in a population of eight healthy volunteers. These two behavioral effects were not dose-related. The individual SBR differences were correlated with the individual number of yawns for all the four treatments at the 10-30 min interval. Thus, parallel yawning and SBR behaviour suggests a similar pharmacological mechanism. Apomorphine-induced yawning and blinking may be therefore of use in the evaluation of central dopaminergic pathways in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Lack of myristoylation of poliovirus capsid polypeptide VP0 prevents the formation of virions or results in the assembly of noninfectious virus particles.

We previously described the generation of a set of mutations into a cDNA of poliovirus type 1 in the myristoylation signal of the capsid polypeptide VP4 (D. Marc, G. Drugeon, A.-L. Haenni, M. Girard, and S. van der Werf, EMBO J. 8:2661, 1989). Genomic transcripts synthesized in vitro from the mutated cDNAs were found to be noninfectious upon transfection of permissive cells, and this property correlated with the lack of VP0 myristoylation in vivo. In the study presented here, we analyzed the assembly intermediates that could be recovered from cells transfected with the mutated transcripts. We found that 14S pentamers could still assemble to a certain extent with an unmyristoylated VP0. Furthermore, viral particles sedimenting at 150S and containing capsid polypeptides VP1 to VP4 and virus-specific RNA were detected in the transfected cells. However, these mature virions were less abundant than those recovered after transfection with an infectious transcript, and they were devoid of infectivity. The results suggest that VP0 myristoylation plays a role in the late steps of poliovirus assembly and that the myristate moiety of VP4 may be required in the early steps of poliovirus infection.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Bleeding in early pregnancy.

Bleeding in pregnancy is a distressing experience for any woman, particularly if she has had a previous miscarriage. Though often offered, hospital admission is thought to have no prognostic advantage over home management. A factor not always considered is the need for administration of anti-D immunoglobulin to rhesus-negative women.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1987

[Retrospective study of the possible role of injuries in the genesis of ankylosing spondylitis, Fiessinger-Leroy-Reiter syndrome and other reactive arthritis, unclassified B27 rheumatism in adults and chronic B27 arthritis in children].

If the revealing or aggravating effect of traumas is known in the course of ankylosing spondylarthritis, their etiological role is debatable. We have reviewed 370 files of patients with ankylosing spondylarthritis, 11 of which were mentioning a post-traumatic onset, without being able to find a single case which could satisfy irrefutably the criteria of imputability. It was the same for 51 cases of the Fiessinger Leroy Reiter syndrome 29 cases of reactional arthritis and 42 cases of unclassifiable Rheumatism HLA B27+, and all affections that could develop into an ankylozing spondylarthritis. On the contrary, in 53 cases of chronic juvenile arthritis HLA B27+, we found 5 cases which satisfied the criteria attributable to a trauma. The critical review of the literature also leads us to question the causal role of trauma in cases of ankylosing spondylarthritis and the Fiessinger Leroy Reiter syndrome where trauma is presented as such.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Hydrocephalus and the Goldenhar syndrome].

Two female babies with Goldenhar syndrome have, the first an aqueductal stenosis, the second repetitive spells of pain and strain of the anterior fontanel. Aqueductal stenosis, hydrocephalus or intracranial hypertension are not previously described in this syndrome.

Child↗
PubMed1984

[Use of nasal cannula to induce positive expiratory pressure in neonatology].

A 6 years experience of the use of a CPAP nasal cannula is reported. In children over 1,500 g and Silverman's index less than or equal to 6, the indications for this technique were neonatal idiopathic respiratory distress (excluding stage 4), transitory respiratory distress, cesarean lungs and amniotic inhalation of clear fluid after aspiration and physiotherapy. In children under 1,500 g, it was used only when Silverman's index was less than or equal to 5, and when correct hemodynamic, thermal and metabolic status were present. In 91 treated children, the use of the cannula avoided intubation 75 times and had few complications. The innocuousness of the method makes it a routine technique in all cases at the onset of respiratory distress, reducing the need for intubations. It was found to be an efficient complement for the relay after mechanical ventilation.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1977

Plasma oestriol and placental proteins: a cross-sectional study at 38 weeks gestation.

Blood was collected from 53 normal women in the 38th week of pregnancy. The plasma concentration of unconjugated oestriol, total oestriol and oestriol sulphate was measured and also human placental lactogen and pregnancy specific beta1 glycoprotein. The normal spread of the two proteins was found to be slightly smaller than that of the oestrogens. The concentrations of unconjugated and of total oestriol were related; otherwise these substances varied independently of one another. The concentration of these substances was not related to other obstetric parameters.

Estriol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Yawning. Physiopathology and neuropharmacology].

Yawning is a common physiological phenomenon, induced by hunger, sleepiness or impersonation. Its behavioral aim seems to be an effort to vigilance. There are numerous pathological reasons explaining yawning, as for example global (infectious, metabolic and toxical) or focal neurological diseases. The modification of yawning in pathology where a dopaminergic dysfunction is to be found, as well as some data of animal experimentation, support when it takes place the dopaminergic system's implication. The pre-synaptical receptor's role had been suggested for a long time but actually yawning seems to be linked with a D1-D2 cooperation. The cholinergic system probably control a final effective pathway. We also imply the peptidergic, serotoninergic, androgine and opiace systems. If the localization of a putative center of yawning is impossible, the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway, the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus and the pituitary gland play a major role. Yawning can be used as a functioning index of the dopaminergic system in vivo in the human being.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nasal cannula, a simple, not very cumbersome, and efficacious means to induce a positive expiratory pressure in neonatology].

The authors report their 6 years experience in the use of a CPAP nasal cannula in 91 children. Their indications are idiopathic respiratory distress (hyaline membrane disease) stage I, II, III in children more than 1500 g, stage I and II for those less than 1500 g; transitory respiratory distress; cesarean lung; amniotic inhalation after aspiration and physiotherapy. In 75 newborns this method rendered tracheal intubation unnecessary. There were few side effects and very few serious accidents. The authors propose this method to be a substitute to tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, for the units of neonatal intensive care, or nurseries, specially in tropical countries, without important medical supplies. They give modalities, indications and applications of this innocuousness, easy and non-expensive method.

Amniotic Fluid↗