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Biomedical subjects

G Mechkov

Publications and source records attributed to G Mechkov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effect of mebendazole on human cystic echinococcosis: the role of dosage and treatment duration.

Fifty-three patients with single, multiple and/or multi-organ hydatid cysts were treated with mebendazole, in varying dosages (30-70 mg/kg.day) and over varying periods (6-24 months). Treatment failure was recorded if the mebendazole had no apparent effect on cyst morphology (monitored by radiology, ultrasonography and computed tomography) or only a parasitostatic effect (characterized by mixed and transitory, hypo- and hyper-echoic changes in the lesions). Cure was indicated by a parasitocidal effect (characterized by a totally echogenic picture, increased density of the cyst contents, reduction in the size or complete disappearance of the cysts, complete detachment of the endocysts and/or calcification of the cyst wall). Treatment failure was seen in about 40% of the patients and cure in about 38%; the other 23% had an intermediate result considered as an improvement. Cure rates increased both with dosage and duration, daily dosages of 60-70, 50 and 30-40 mg/kg curing 48%, 33% and 25%, respectively. The pre-treatment condition of any cysts should be taken into consideration when determining dosage and treatment duration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Chemotherapy of human cystic echinococcosis: comparative efficacy of mebendazole and albendazole.

The relative efficacy of mebendazole (MEB) and albendazole (ALB) was tested by treating 51 patients with single, multiple and multi-organ hydatid cysts; 28 patients were treated with MEB, 50-70 mg kg-1 body weight daily for six to 24 months, and 23 with ALB, 10 mg kg-1 body weight daily in four courses of 30 days with 15-day intervals between courses. The therapeutic effect during the follow-up was assessed by ultrasonography, computerized tomography and chest X-ray. The criteria used when assessing the results were: 'success', evidence of effect on all cysts; 'partial success', evidence of effect on some of the cysts; and 'no success', no changes in cyst morphology. Treatment with MEB was successful in eight cases (28.6%), partially successful in eight (28.6%) and unsuccessful in 12 (42.8%). Treatment with ALB was successful in 10 cases (43.5%), partially successful in 10 (43.5%) and unsuccessful in three (13.0%).

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Factors influencing the response to chemotherapy in human cystic echinococcosis.

As the effectiveness of mebendazole and albendazole in patients with echinococcosis has been found to vary, we investigated some of the factors likely to be responsible. A total of 79 patients who were treated with mebendazole (44 patients) or albendazole (35 patients) were included in the study. Evaluation of the treatment results was based on the changes in cyst morphology, as evidenced by the results of X-ray radiography, sonography, and computed tomography, and on analysis of the findings in relation to parasitic and drug factors. The response of cysts according to their site did not vary much, with the exception of the poor response of bone cysts. A more important factor seems to be cyst size, since the treatment was more efficacious against smaller and younger cysts. The presence of daughter cysts should be regarded as an unfavourable factor for treatment response. Cyst multiplicity did not present insurmountable difficulties, provided the cysts were small and a prolonged course of therapy was undergone. The choice of drug used for the therapy was important, with the results supporting the advantage of albendazole. In planning the chemotherapy of hydatid disease, factors such as cyst condition and drug used should therefore be taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[The differentiation of cirrhotic from malignant ascites by ultrasonic tomography of the gallbladder].

99 patients with ascites (60 patients with liver cirrhosis and 39 patients with peritoneal carcinosis) were examined by ultrasound tomography of the gall bladder. In most of the cirrhotic patients a thick gall bladder wall was found (7.7 +/- 3.4 mm) often with a three-layer structure. The gall bladder wall of the patients with peritoneal carcinosis was most often not thickened (2.5 +/- 1.6 mm). The difference is statistically significant (p less than 0.1). Thickening of the gall bladder wall was found in both groups of patients by a decreased serum albumin level. The ultrasound tomography of the gall bladder could help in the differentiation of cirrhotic from malignant ascites, especially in combination with determination of the serum albumin level.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of response to chemotherapy of human cystic echinococcosis.

Fifty-five patients with echinococcosis were treated with mebendazole (30) and albendazole (25). To determine changes in cyst morphology and to evaluate the varying degree of response, progress during follow-up was shown by radiography, computerized tomography and ultrasonography. Persistence of cysts without any change in the morphology and cyst enlargement were taken as criteria for unsuccessful treatment. Development of echogenic foci and increase in density of cyst fluid were considered as a therapeutic effect. Changes in cyst wall such as thickening and deposition of calcium and detachment of the cyst membrane may also indicate response. An essential criterion, for a positive drug effect, was cyst size reduction as well as shape deformation. However, the most convincing and reliable criterion was the complete disappearance of hydatid cysts. Comparative assessment of the therapeutic effect of the two drugs favoured albendazole.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Present-day indications for laparoscopy].

Laparoscopy is an useful endoscopic method. It retains its deserved priority in the examination of the peritoneum and the differential diagnosis of ascites. In the focal and diffuse diseases of the parenchymal organs (liver, spleen) it complements the imaging methods (ultrasound tomography, computed tomography) especially in the cases when their potentialities are limited by the character of the pathologic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Albendazole treatment of human cystic echinococcosis.

The effect of albendazole was investigated in 20 patients with single or multiorgan hydatid cyst disease. Albendazole was used at a dose of 10 mg/kg daily in cycles of 28 d for four cycles with 15 d between cycles. Follow-up ranged from 12-18 months. Response varied according to the organ involved, the most successful results being with liver and peritoneal cysts. A positive response was seen in 47% of 34 cyst sites and a partial response was seen in a further 38% of sites. Overall response was classed as completely successful in 30% of patients, and partially successful in 60% at the end of follow-up. Adverse events were rare, although occasional abnormalities of liver function were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Potentials and limits of ultrasonic diagnosis in gastroenterology].

The great diagnostic value of ultrasonic tomography in the diagnosis of liver, biliary, pancreatic, gastric, intestinal, abdominal and retroperitoneal disease is reviewed and proved. Best results can be achieved in the indications for its application and the potentialities of the method are well known. The sonographic results should always be assessed with the clinical, laboratory and other instrumental data. The faulty diagnoses are due not to the method itself but to the incompetent interpretation of the sonographic images and to the lack of knowledge for the scope and limitations of sonography.

Gallbladder Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Treatment of hepatic and pulmonary echinococcosis with mebendazole (Vermox)].

The therapeutic efficacy of Mebendazole (Vermox) was studied in 13 patients: 8 with liver and 5 with pulmonary echinococcosis. The drug was given in a dose of 50-70 mg/kg body mass. Good therapeutic effect was found in 4 patients (2 with liver nad 2 with pulmonary echinococcosis), partial therapeutic efficiency was registered also in 4 patients (2 with liver and 2 with pulmonary echinococcosis) and failure in 5 patients. The drug was more effective in pulmonary echinococcosis, in younger and smaller cysts than in older cysts with thick walls and presence of filial cysts. The efficacy of the treatment is related to the drug plasma concentration but the results depend on the cysts condition, too. The careful examination of the patients--X-ray, ultrasonography and computer tomography--before, during and after the treatment ensures objective evaluation of the treatment results.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Bromsulphalein clearance in persons in occupational contact with pesticides].

In 46 persons (sprayers, disinfectors, technicians of the agricultural aviation) the bromsulphalein clearance is traced, during the active work season with pesticides, after the method of Caroly, Nys and Alliot. It is established, that the mean value of bromsulphalein clearance (8.91%) is lower than that of the referent group healthy persons (14.5%). In 14 (31.34%) of the examined the values of the clearance are under 10%. The changes of the last do not correlate closely to other indices of the liver function. As an explanation of the results the authors presuppose general pathogenetic relations between the metabolism of pesticides and of bromsulphalein in the liver cell, with inclusion of glutathione-S-transferase systems. The study allows to give a practical conclusion for the meaning of the bromsulphalein clearance and assessment of the pesticides effect in persons who are in professional contact with them.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Parallel laparoscopic and echographic studies in hepatobiliary diseases].

Parallel laparoscopic and echographic examinations were performed to 382 patients with hepatobiliary diseases. Out of 201 patients with diffuse diseases of the liver, accurate diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was laparoscopically made in 98.4 per cent, and echographically in 85.6 per cent, in case of chronic persistent hepatitis in 100 per cent and 77.4 per cent resp. (the differences being statistically significant). Accurate diagnosis in a higher percentage was also laparoscopically made in chronic active hepatitis and liver steatosis as compared with the echographic method, the differences being statistically insignificant. In 134 patients with focal liver diseases, the accurate diagnosis of liver metastases was laparoscopically made in a higher percentage (in 92.5%, echographically in 88.75%) but in carcinoma of the gallbladder--echographically, the differences being statistically insignificant. In case of primary carcinoma and cystic formations of liver the potentialities of both methods are almost identical. Liver tuberculosis is only diagnoses by laparoscopy and liver biopsy.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrasonic studies of the abdominal organs. II. Its diagnostic value in liver diseases].

Five hundred fifty three patients with diffuse and focal liver processes were examined via ultrasound tomography, with confirmed diagnosis by punch biopsy according to Mengini (23), laparoscopy (437), laparotomy (58), at necropsy (30) and with clinical accurate diagnosis in liver stasis (5). Accurate echographic diagnosis was made in 65.9 per cent of chronic hepatitis (from 88 patients), in 68.9 per cent of liver cirrhosis (from 228 patients), in 81.8 per cent of liver steatosis (from 33 patients). In 71 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites the accurate diagnosis was made in 89.3 per cent. The coincidence between ultrasound and morphological diagnosis in metastatic liver carcinomas in 80.2 per cent (from 91 patients), in primary--72.2 per cent (from 18 patients) and in echinococcus cysts--96,3 per cent (from 82 patients). Ultrasound tomography has undoubted diagnostic value in diffuse and focal solid and cyst formations of liver in particular. The results obtained, for the proper interpretation, are necessary to be compared with those from the other investigation methods and the clinical data in the process of making the final diagnosis.

Abdomen↗