Biomedical subjects

G Menghini

Publications and source records attributed to G Menghini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1991

[The prevalence of deciduous dental caries in 16 communities of the Canton of Zurich in 1964 to 1988].

Caries prevalence in 16 communities of the Canton of Zurich decreased in the primary dentition by more than 70% from 1964 to 1988. This corresponds to the decrease in the permanent dentition during the same period. There was no increase of the caries prevalence in primary incisors (nursing bottle caries) detectable in the eighties. The caries prevalence in the city of Zurich was similar to that in the 16 rural communities. In other European countries, caries prevalence was higher in the eighties.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1990

[Caries prevalence in Zurich schoolchildren in 1970, 1983 and 1988].

In 1988, a random sample of 657 school children of the City of Zurich was examined for dental caries using standardized methods. The children at age 12 and 14 had 2.36 and 4.24 DMFT, respectively. There was a decline of caries prevalence during the period 1983-1988. Compared with the earliest available data obtained in 1958 and 1961, the children of 1988 had 69 to 78% less DMFT, and 54 to 60% when compared with the data obtained in 1970.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Prevalence of caries and fluorides].

In the whole of Switzerland, caries prevalence was high until 1960. Dental health education programs which included topical fluorides were introduced in the 1960's. Substantial declines of dental caries prevalence have been documented since 1968. In the canton of Zurich e.g. fourteen year-old children had an average of 23.8 cavities (most of them filled) in 1963 which was reduced to only 3.8 in 1987. Similar reductions, primarily due to multiple uses of fluorides, have also been obtained in younger age-groups and in other parts of Switzerland. On an epidemiological basis fluoridated salt reduced dental caries prevalence better than fluoride tablets. This is because tablets are only preferable for a minority of well-motivated families and required good compliance by the children. Modern research reveals that it is not the amount of ingested fluoride (acting systemically) but the frequency and duration of the contact of the fluoride with the erupted teeth which is most important. During pregnancy fluoride tablets benefit the mother's teeth and ensures a satisfactory fluoride level in the fetal skeleton. This is considered desirable as mothers' milk consistently contains only approximately 0.02 ppm fluoride. No caries-protective effect of the fetal fluoride, however, has been substantiated by pertinent research. Only a negligible cariostatic effect results by supplying fluoride to the infant. Caries prevention by fluoride begins to be important during the eruption of the primary teeth, at the latest at the eruption of the primary molars.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[The caries incidence in schoolchildren in the Canton of Glarus 13 years after the introduction of highly fluoridated salt].

Addition of 250 ppm fluoride to domestic salt and salt used by bakeries was begun in 1974-1976 in the Canton of Glarus. The caries examinations revealed a rapid decline of DMFT averages in the four age groups (8, 10, 12, 14 years) by 71 to 78 percent from 1974 to 1987. DMF counts in fissures and pits also decreased by 61 to 80%. In the primary dentition, the number of sound teeth and of sound approximal molar surfaces increased. The average fluoride levels in urinary spot specimens were 0.36 ppm in 1974 and varied between 0.74 and 0.80 ppm from 1979 to 1987. In autumn 1982 toothbrushing exercises with fluoride preparations were introduced. They should have been carried out two to six times a year but were discontinued in 1983 and 1984 in part of the communities. This educational program therefore had little effect on the total reduction, the main decline having occurred from 1974 to 1983. The reduction from 1974 to 1987 was too high and too rapid to be exclusively due to the fluoride in salt but other factors changed little. The percentage of fluoride dentifrice rose only slightly and Swiss averages of sugar and sweet consumption remained almost stable from 1976 to 1987.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

[Urinary excretion of fluorides in schoolchildren of Lausanne and Geneva in relation to salt fluoridation].

Urinary excretion of fluoride and sodium and urinary flow were studied in 230 schoolchildren (average age: 11.1 years) in the following situation: in 1984 and 1988 in Geneva, 1 year and 5 years after the introduction of fluoridated domestic salt (250 mg/kg), and in 1985 in Lausanne, 15 years after the general introduction of salt fluoridation for this city and its surrounding canton (Vaud). Among consumers of fluoridated salt, the average excretion of F ion during morning and afternoon was 15.4 and 43.7 micrograms F/h, respectively, in Geneva (1988) and 26.4 and 49.9 micrograms F/h, respectively, in Lausanne (1985). Among non-consumers of fluoridated domestic salt, excretion values during morning and afternoon were 9.9 and 20.7 micrograms F/h, respectively, in Geneva (1988), and 18.4 and 26.1 micrograms F/h, respectively, in Lausanne. Between 1984 and 1988, an increase in fluoride excretion was observed in schoolchildren of Geneva. During approximately 10 night hours, 8.8 to 16.4 micrograms F/h were excreted in Geneva, but F-salt consumers in Lausanne excreted 25.8 micrograms F/h. Averages of sodium excretion varied between 80 and 144 mg Na/h at daytime and between and 81 mg Na/h at night.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1988