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G Mengozzi

Publications and source records attributed to G Mengozzi.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
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[Surgical treatment of secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism].

AIMS: To determine whether, in secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism (HPT), quick parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay can be used to prevent persistent or recurrent HPT. Another point was to determine, considering the PTH decrease, the cut-off point at which the operation could be considered well performed. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed evaluating all cases operated on since 1975 until 2002, 679 patients, and particularly the analysis of two groups of patients that underwent surgical treatment for secondary and tertiary HPT in the period 1995-2002. In the first group, (January 1995-October 1999) 207 (167 HPT II and 40 HPT III) neck explorations were performed without the aid of quick PTH assay; in the second group (November 1999-December 2002), 192 (153 HPT II and 39 HPT III) patients were operated on with blood samples for quick PTH. RESULTS: In the first group the percentage of success for secondary HPT was 93.8 versus 96.2 of the second group and 91.7 versus 94.2 for tertiary HPT. In reoperations the percentage of success was 72.7 in the first group and 87.5 in the second one. CONCLUSIONS: There are no substantial differences in persistences or recurrences between subtotal or total parathyroidectomy (PTx) with autotransplantation (AT). The choice of the gland to be left in the neck or transplanted in the forearm and the modalities of doing so are very important, considering the macroscopical and histological aspects. Intraoperative PTH monitoring is a useful aid during the first cervical exploration for secondary and tertiary HPT to prevent the development of persistent or recurrent HPT. The cut-off point for secondary HPT is 70% (in difficult cases with more than 2 assays, 75%) and for tertiary HPT 50% and 70% respectively.

Female↗
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Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of idrapril in rats, dogs, and humans.

Idrapril is the prototype of a new class of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (plasma ACE activity) were investigated in rats, dogs (after intravenous and oral doses), and human volunteers (after oral doses). Following intravenous administration (1 mg/kg) to rats and dogs, elimination half-lives were 96 and 52 min, systemic clearance 19.6 and 9.5 ml/min kg, and volume of distribution 2.7 and 0.8 liters/kg, respectively. Pharmacokinetics appeared linear in dogs, within the dose range of 0.1-10 mg/kg. After oral administration of similar doses (approximately 2 mg/kg) in the three species studied, peak plasma concentrations were 182, 567, and 726 ng/ml; AUCs 25, 85, and 182 micrograms min/ml; and elimination half-lives 82, 54, and 174 min in rats, dogs, and healthy volunteers, respectively. Absolute oral bioavailability was calculated to be approximately 24% in rats and dogs. Idrapril did not bind to plasma proteins of the species studied. Plasma ACE was fully inhibited following oral administration of approximately 2 mg/kg in rats and humans, but in dogs maximal inhibition did not exceed 85%. Duration of action, measured as time for ACE to recover to 70% of initial activity, was approximately 5, 3, and 22 hr in rats, dogs, and humans, respectively. Idrapril plasma levels appeared correlated in a saturable way with inhibition of plasma ACE in all three species, yielding ex vivo IC50 values of approximately 7 ng/ml for both the rat and humans, and 91 ng/ml for dogs.

Administration, Oral↗
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[The L-arginine/nitric oxide metabolic pathway. Its physiopathology and clinical implications].

The L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway plays a key role in a number of biological processes within most organs and systems. Increasing attention has been addressed to its involvement in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. In this review we examine the enzymology of different NO-synthase isoforms, the major NO detection techniques as well as the possible clinical and pharmacological implications of this new metabolic pathway.

Arginine↗