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Biomedical subjects

G Menzinger

Publications and source records attributed to G Menzinger.

82 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Glucagon, insulin and growth hormone response in obese women.

Plasma concentrations of insulin, growth hormone and glucagon were measured during an arginine test in obese women with normal (ON) or abnormal (OD) OGTT and in normal control subjects (N). Plasma insulin levels were higher than normal in both obese groups, while plasma growth hormone and glucagon levels were markedly reduced.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Impaired alpha cell function in conditions with cortisol deficiency.

Plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG), insulin (IRI) and blood glucose (BG) were evaluated in the fasting state and during an arginine test (ATT) in 6 subjects with untreated hypopituitarism (H), in 2 hypopituitary subjects with normal cortisol production (H + C), in 3 subjects with Addison's disease (A) and in 14 normal volunteers (N). No increase in BG was observed in H and A after arginine, mean values being significantly lower than in N. Mean fasting and arginine-stimulated IRI levels were lower in H and A than in N; postabsorptive arginine-induced IRG levels were significantly reduced when compared to N. In contrast IRG levels in the two H + C patients were within the normal range. The impaired IRG production in A and in H (but not in H + C) suggests a close relationship between alpha pancreatic function and cortisol levels.

Addison Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of risk factors for foot problems in diabetic patients attending teaching hospital outpatient clinics in four different European states.

Although the St Vincent declaration calls for common European action in order to reduce major amputations, the differences in the incidence of foot problems and the prevalence of risk factors has not been fully investigated. We have examined the risk factors for foot ulceration and amputation in 278 consecutive patients (mean age 50.4 years, range 18-79 years) attending outpatient clinics of four teaching hospitals: Athens, Manchester, Rome, and Antwerp. There were no differences in age, weight or sex among the four groups but the percentage of patients with Type 1 diabetes was higher in Rome and Antwerp. Patients in Rome and Antwerp also had a longer duration of diabetes compared to Athens and Manchester. Mean vibration perception threshold was similar in all groups. No differences were found in the number of patients with moderate or severe clinical neuropathy (neuropathy disability score > 5), severe sensory loss (VPT > 25 V), and limited joint mobility. Symptomatic peripheral vascular disease was more frequent in Antwerp (p < 0.05) compared to the other three centres and foot ulceration in Rome compared to Manchester (p < 0.05). The number of smokers or ex-smokers and the average alcohol consumption were similar in all centres. We conclude that, despite a few differences mainly in Type 1 diabetic patients, there are no major differences in the risk factors for foot ulceration and that, therefore, similar strategies for the prevention of foot problems may be equally successful in different European countries.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acetylcholine release in experimental autonomic neuropathy.

Autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes. In this study we evaluated autonomic neuropathy by determining somatostatin (S-14)-evoked acetylcholine (Ach) release from postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers in the atria of controls (C) and streptozotocin diabetic rats (STZ-D), with and without tetrodotoxin (TTX). The release induced by S-14 did not differ in C and STZ-D. TTX blocked S-14 induced Ach in C but failed in STZ-D. TTX resistance in STZ-D may be explained by variations of membrane potential in nerve fibers.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Twenty-four hours blood pressure and heart rate profiles in diabetics with and without autonomic neuropathy.

Previous studies have shown an increased incidence of sudden deaths and lower survival in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy. In hypertensive non diabetic patients a direct correlation has been found between nocturnal blood pressure levels and left ventricular hypertrophy. We have shown in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy a flattening in nocturnal blood pressure reduction and increased 24 hours blood pressure values compared to diabetics without autonomic neuropathy and controls. Our results suggest that abnormalities in 24 hours blood pressure profile might play a role in the increased incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetics with autonomic neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Can the Body Mass Index and the waist:hips ratio (WHR) affect the correlation between impedance measurement and anthropometry in the evaluation of body composition?].

Among the numerous techniques used to measure body composition, this study utilised anthropometric methods (weight, height, circumference and skin folds) and impedance measurement (measurement of bioelectric impedance). Results from the two methods were compared in order to assess whether BMI parameters and the waist/hips ratio (WHR) influenced this correlation. One hundred and eighty patients (133 F, 47 M) were included in the study. Patients were divided into groups according to the degree of obesity expressed as BMI and WHR. Body composition was evaluated using anthropometric methods (according to Garrow Webster, Durnin-Womersley, modified Durnin-Womersley and Jackson-Pollock) and impedance measurement in which resistive bioelectric impedance is measured using a tetrapolar technique. A good correlation was generally observed in the female population between impedance assessment and anthropometric methods, and this correlation was not influenced by either BMI or WHR. In the male group, on the other hand, the correlation between the two methods was limited by BMI greater than 30 and WHR greater than 1. In conclusion, impedance measurement and plicometric methods are generally compatible, but areas of uncertainty arise in the male population with BMI greater than 30 and WHR greater than 1.

Adipose Tissue↗